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GALILEO: Europe shows the way

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Subido el 13 de julio de 2007 por EducaMadrid

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The deployment phase for GALILEO, the European programme of civil radio-navigation by satellite is imminent. It will begin in 2006. GALILEO is compatible and interoperable with the American GPS, but will furnish a more precise, continuous and guaranteed signal. It will allow a multitude of applications for the general public and professionals on a worldwide scale as from it becoming operational in 2008. The recently operational EGNOS system is the precursor of GALILEO. The economic benefits expected from GALILEO are staggering and explain the commercial attraction of the programme and the commitment of the private sector. Precision, reliability, the multiple applications of GALILEO and its global coverage explain why many third countries wish to participate in the programme.

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Getting rid of queues at motorway toll booths, finding exactly where you are inside a large 00:00:00
building, managing agriculture with precision, monitoring the transport of animals, landing 00:00:22
an aircraft to within 2 meters of the runway axis, guiding blind people and explaining 00:00:28
their itinerary step by step or driving at the right speed to keep to the road and avoid 00:00:33
hazards. 00:00:38
All this will soon be possible thanks to Galileo, a civil program of radio navigation by satellite 00:00:40
initiated by the European Commission and the European Space Agency. 00:00:46
Galileo is about to be deployed and its coverage will be worldwide right from the start. 00:00:51
Satellite navigation works by analyzing the differences in time between the receiver and 00:01:02
a satellite equipped with an atomic clock. 00:01:06
The receiver measures the time the signal takes to reach it and uses this data to calculate 00:01:09
the distance. 00:01:14
The position is obtained by triangulation, using satellites as reference points. 00:01:16
Four visible satellites are necessary to obtain optimal information. 00:01:21
After its launch in 2008, Galileo will offer two advantages compared to the current American 00:01:29
GPS system. 00:01:34
Firstly Galileo will emit a guaranteed continuous signal, secondly it will offer a positioning 00:01:36
accurate to within 2 meters, whereas GPS is accurate only to within 15 meters. 00:01:41
This precision will not only allow existing services to be improved, but also new uses 00:01:47
to be developed. 00:01:51
Engineers are concentrating on ways it can be used by the general public, in particular 00:01:54
finding your way around a town and even inside buildings, something which at the moment is 00:01:58
practically impossible. 00:02:02
When Galileo comes about, the positioning will be much more accurate and much more reliable 00:02:04
and we should be able to get continuous positioning not only in office blocks, but also in areas 00:02:10
such as shopping malls and other indoor locations. 00:02:16
Galileo will allow us to pinpoint our position everywhere, even in tunnels. 00:02:23
Operators will also be able to provide so-called geo-localized services, to be able to meet 00:02:28
up with friends wherever they are for instance, or find the nearest restaurant or cinema. 00:02:33
It also has a safety role to play in public services. 00:02:40
This driver is broken down. 00:02:43
Thanks to a Galileo chip contained in his mobile phone, he can send an SOS giving his 00:02:44
precise position. 00:02:49
The SOS is received at the 112 emergency response center. 00:02:51
A dialogue is established between the central computer and the user's mobile to get an accurate 00:02:54
position. 00:02:59
Once located, the call is transferred to the fire brigade so they can respond immediately. 00:03:00
At the same time, the driver is informed first that his case is being dealt with and second 00:03:14
that the emergency team will arrive in 15 minutes. 00:03:18
In a business context, the level of accuracy of Galileo offers huge potential, particularly 00:03:23
when it comes to the transfer of confidential data. 00:03:28
This is an encrypted email that I have just received. 00:03:34
The author of the email has embedded the known geographical locations of the intended recipients. 00:03:37
I have a small Galileo enabled device in the back of my computer. 00:03:42
That tells the software that I am in one of the permitted areas and therefore I can view 00:03:46
the data within this email. 00:03:50
To be able to function, these services and applications will use a constellation of 30 00:03:53
satellites which will circle the Earth in three different orbits. 00:03:58
The two first experimental satellites are currently under construction. 00:04:04
One in France under the auspices of Alcatel Space Industries and the second is being built 00:04:07
in England by Surrey Satellite Technology. 00:04:12
They will be launched at the end of 2005 and early 2006 to test the system. 00:04:15
This trial phase will then continue with the launch of the first four satellites in 00:04:21
the constellation. 00:04:25
But in addition to this constellation, Galileo will also work with terrestrial stations. 00:04:27
It will be their job to monitor the satellites and the quality of their signals. 00:04:32
The EGNOS system is a forerunner of Galileo. 00:04:37
Its main goal is to improve the information transmitted by the American GPS. 00:04:40
EGNOS ground stations analyse the signals, measure their errors and calculate the corrective 00:04:44
information which is then transmitted to users' receivers. 00:04:49
Users then have a reliable positioning fix, something particularly useful for civil aviation. 00:04:53
Here in China, EGNOS has already been tested on this ferry sailing on the Yangtze River. 00:05:20
EGNOS is not only operational but is also free to users. 00:05:25
As is clear here, the EGNOS project and even more so its successor, Galileo, will not be 00:05:29
limited to Europe. 00:05:34
Other countries are involved. 00:05:35
Galileo is a truly international project. 00:05:37
For example, China, India and Brazil. 00:05:50
But there are other countries. 00:05:54
For example, Israel, which wants to participate in Galileo because Israel does not want to 00:05:56
depend solely on the American GPS for security reasons that everyone can understand. 00:06:02
Co-financing agreements are to be signed with Israel, India and China. 00:06:10
But Galileo is also causing a flurry of interest from other countries. 00:06:14
Negotiations with Ukraine and Russia are well underway to an agreement. 00:06:18
Promising contacts have also been established with South Korea, Australia, the countries 00:06:24
in the MEDA programme around the Mediterranean basin, Brazil, Argentina, Chile and Mexico. 00:06:28
GPS and Galileo are interoperable and compatible. 00:06:49
Compatible means that they can both operate without interfering with one another. 00:06:53
Interoperable means that they can be used together. 00:06:57
And therein lies the benefit for users. 00:07:00
Since the frequencies have been chosen for the system to be interoperable, 00:07:18
the user sees 60 satellites. 00:07:21
This is a huge advantage when you are, for example, in the city. 00:07:24
You have to see four satellites at every moment to position yourself. 00:07:27
And if you have 60 satellites, it is obvious that the tall buildings that obscure your 00:07:31
viewing angle, with 60 satellites you have a much greater probability of seeing at least four. 00:07:37
Galileo will be deployed and exploited in partnership with the private sector. 00:07:44
The European Commission is finalising the procedure to select a private operator. 00:07:48
There are two contending consortia in Absat and Urali. 00:07:52
Both have recognised the commercial attraction of the system and the huge investment commitment 00:07:56
from the private sector. 00:08:00
Estimates of the size of the market based on Galileo are dizzying. 00:08:14
If the gross income from radio navigation products worldwide was almost non-existent in 2001, 00:08:19
by 2010 it will be 300 billion Euro. 00:08:25
And it will be the general public which will feed this growth. 00:08:29
As these graphs show, the consumer market represented 40% of the total in 2001. 00:08:32
By 2010 it will have risen to 75%, half of which will be systems to help people move around. 00:08:39
These products hardly registered on the graph in 2001. 00:08:46
Compare this huge market with the financial investment in Galileo. 00:08:50
Only 3.2 billion Euro, or the cost of constructing 150 kilometres of motorway. 00:08:54
Position and its instant communication to others will be all pervasive, 00:09:01
if you wish, ubiquitous, just like time is. 00:09:08
And just like time governs at present the lives of ordinary citizens, 00:09:13
so will position and its instant communication to others. 00:09:19
Galileo is the first major infrastructure to bring together all of the European Union's member states. 00:09:25
It will create more than 100,000 direct jobs in Europe, 00:09:30
and 3 billion receivers will be in use by 2010. 00:09:33
What are needed now are the right operating services and security systems to go with it. 00:09:37
For that, the ball is in industry's court. 00:09:41
© BF-WATCH TV 2021 00:09:54
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Idioma/s:
en
Niveles educativos:
▼ Mostrar / ocultar niveles
      • Nivel Intermedio
Autor/es:
The European Union
Subido por:
EducaMadrid
Licencia:
Reconocimiento - No comercial - Sin obra derivada
Visualizaciones:
1829
Fecha:
13 de julio de 2007 - 9:55
Visibilidad:
Público
Enlace Relacionado:
European Commission
Duración:
10′ 09″
Relación de aspecto:
4:3 Hasta 2009 fue el estándar utilizado en la televisión PAL; muchas pantallas de ordenador y televisores usan este estándar, erróneamente llamado cuadrado, cuando en la realidad es rectangular o wide.
Resolución:
320x240 píxeles
Tamaño:
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