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Destination Tomorrow - DT12 - Flight Pioneers

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Subido el 28 de mayo de 2007 por EducaMadrid

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NASA Destination Tomorrow Segment exploring the background of the first attempted flights. The segment also looks back on the pioneers who built the first flying machine.

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Hello everyone, I'm Steele McGonigal, and I'm Kara O'Brien. 00:00:00
Welcome to Destination Tomorrow. 00:00:06
On this special episode of Destination Tomorrow, we'll look back at the first century of powered 00:00:08
flight and the pioneers who designed and built the world's first flying machines. 00:00:12
And we'll discover what the future might hold for aviation. 00:00:17
Throughout history, man has always been intrigued with the idea of flight. 00:00:19
However, most early aviation pioneers could not imagine flight as we know it today. 00:00:23
With limited understanding of basic aerodynamic principles, many of these early pioneers attempted 00:00:29
to build flying machines that were shape-like and emulated the flight of birds. 00:00:34
The crude structures that they built generally relied on feathers and flapping wings as the 00:00:41
catalyst for flight, ultimately leaving a trail of broken men and machines. 00:00:45
History is inundated with stories of these birdmen jumping from towers and cliffs in 00:00:50
a vain attempt to fly. 00:00:54
Flight attempts gradually moved from small feathered devices toward larger structures, 00:00:56
yet many of these attempts still ended in humiliation and sometimes even death. 00:01:01
However, with all of these failures, early inventors were building a foundation of knowledge 00:01:05
for the future of flight. 00:01:10
Although many had tried to build machines that could fly, all earlier powered flight 00:01:13
attempts had failed before the flight at Kitty Hawk in 1903. 00:01:17
Though the Wright Brothers were the first to fly a heavier-than-air machine, people 00:01:21
had been airborne long before the Wrights' first flight. 00:01:24
The Montgolfier Brothers conducted the first public display of a hot-air balloon flight 00:01:28
near Paris in June of 1783. 00:01:31
Balloons were also used extensively during the American Civil War to observe enemy positions, 00:01:34
but balloons could not be controlled very easily, so the search continued to find a 00:01:39
system that would allow heavier-than-air powered flight. 00:01:42
In the late 1700s, Sir George Cayley of England helped define the problem of powered flight 00:01:45
when he observed the problems of lift and drag of birds. 00:01:50
Through a series of mathematical calculations and use of a device called the whirling arm, 00:01:54
he tested numerous wing designs and eventually published many of his findings, providing 00:01:58
a solid basis for flight pioneers of the future. 00:02:02
One of the most notable pioneers that profited from this information was the German glider 00:02:05
designer Otto Lilienthal. 00:02:09
Lilienthal was often referred to as the Birdman because his glider designs were generally 00:02:11
shaped like birds or bats. 00:02:15
In his lifetime, he built 16 different glider designs, testing them from a man-made hill 00:02:17
near his home. 00:02:22
Unfortunately, he died August 10, 1896, after the glider he was testing spun out of control. 00:02:23
His last words were, 00:02:29
"...sacrifices must be made." 00:02:31
Building off of the work of others, Orville and Wilbur Wright began working towards their 00:02:35
goal of building the first heavier-than-air vehicle. 00:02:39
In June of 1899, the Assistant Secretary of the Smithsonian received a letter from Wilbur 00:02:43
Wright asking for reading material that related to heavier-than-air flight. 00:02:47
In his letter, Wilbur wrote that he was an enthusiast, but not a crank, with some pet 00:02:51
theories of his own about flight. 00:02:55
A few weeks after his letter was received, Wilbur received a package from the Smithsonian 00:02:57
containing reading material and suggestions referencing virtually every text in existence 00:03:01
that mentioned flight. 00:03:06
With this information in hand, the Wright brothers started their crusade to build the 00:03:07
first viable heavier-than-air ship. 00:03:11
To help us understand how the Wright brothers accomplished their goals and how their early 00:03:13
planes flew, Johnny Alonzo finds out how it works. 00:03:17
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Idioma/s:
en
Niveles educativos:
▼ Mostrar / ocultar niveles
      • Nivel Intermedio
Autor/es:
NASA LaRC Office of Education
Subido por:
EducaMadrid
Licencia:
Reconocimiento - No comercial - Sin obra derivada
Visualizaciones:
466
Fecha:
28 de mayo de 2007 - 17:05
Visibilidad:
Público
Enlace Relacionado:
NASAs center for distance learning
Duración:
03′ 21″
Relación de aspecto:
4:3 Hasta 2009 fue el estándar utilizado en la televisión PAL; muchas pantallas de ordenador y televisores usan este estándar, erróneamente llamado cuadrado, cuando en la realidad es rectangular o wide.
Resolución:
480x360 píxeles
Tamaño:
19.52 MBytes

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