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Good morning everyone! How are you? Today we're going to do a review on grammar.

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We're going to review how to make questions. I know I tell you a lot of

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times how to make questions but it's very important, it's very important, it's

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very difficult too. Though we started studying it last year in cuarto, some of

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you, well many of you, still have problems on making questions in English and don't

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worry it's normal because it's quite difficult. In English we have auxiliary

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verbs that we don't have in Spanish and they have a special order for questions.

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Okay, it's a bit complicated so I hope with this review you organize yourselves a little better,

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you understand it a little better, we practice and then you manage to achieve how to make questions

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in English. Okay, so let's review a bit the word order. The order of the words in questions is very

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very important. The order of the words in English in general is very important. It's

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more fixed than in Spanish. Most of the questions in English follow this structure. Number one,

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it's not obligatory, but if you need it, the WH word comes here. Which are the WH words?

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These ones. You know them, the question words. Where, when, who, what, why, which, whose, how,

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how many how much how long okay all these words come in the beginning of the question the first

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word on the question and if you need them okay wh words are not needed in just no questions

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if the answer is yes i have the question doesn't start with where do you go where have you been

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it starts where with have you ever been to paris yes i have okay you don't need the wh word

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the yes-no questions. The next important element, which is obligatory and it's

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difficult, is the auxiliary verb. English needs the auxiliary verbs to make

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questions, and there are some of them. You have this table in your notebooks, I

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think, because I made it in class and I told you, but let's review it, okay? We

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have the present tenses here in green, the past tenses here in orange, and other

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the tenses in blue and yellow, I'll tell you, okay? Each verb tense we have studied so far and each

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verb tense in English has a specific auxiliary verb to make questions, negative and short answers,

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okay? So for the present simple what is the auxiliary we use? Do or does, okay?

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Do you go to the cinema every day? Does she play tennis? Remember does with he or she or it,

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okay present simple present continuous you have to remember the tense present

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continuous the auxiliary we use is um is are and then we use the verb ending in

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ing are you talking to me are you listening is she playing piano are they

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playing the cards okay then we have the present perfect which is the newest one

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we have studied have you ever been to London have you finished your homework

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yet has she finished reading okay so remember have or has is the auxiliary we

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need for the present perfect have for all the subjects but has for he or she

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or it okay and then we need the participle have you done the homework

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have you finished okay then the past tenses past simple the auxiliary we use

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is did. If you look, you can notice that if the present simple auxiliary is do, the past simple

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auxiliary is the past of do, did, okay? It happens the same with the past continuous. For the present

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continuous, the auxiliary is to be, is are in the present, so for the past continuous is the same

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verb, to be, in the past, was or were, okay? I was doing my homework, so the question, were you doing

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your homework. Was she playing tennis when someone arrived? Okay, remember the

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continuous need the verb to be and the verb in ing. And then we have the past

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perfect. We haven't studied the past perfect yet, okay? This is for sexto, so

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don't worry. But just to see that it's very easy. If the present perfect is with

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have and has, the past perfect is with have in the past, had. Had they arrived

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Habían llegado, habíamos llegado.

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But don't worry about this one, because this is for next year.

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Then we have the future, with will.

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So the auxiliary is will as well.

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Will you come to my party?

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Will you arrive at 10 o'clock?

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And then we have the modals, which are special kind of verbs.

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They are can, could, may, might, must, shall, would.

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We use them sometimes to express a kind of morality.

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A kind of morality, possibility, ability, like can you play tennis? Can you... I'm with tennis all the time today.

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Can you speak in English? Can you speak French? Could you pass me the salt, please?

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They are used also for requirements and requests. We'll learn about them in the last unit and in section 2, so don't worry.

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But modals are auxiliaries as well. They are used in the questions in the first part before the subject.

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So, the auxiliary, important. Then we have the subject, which is what the sentence is talking about.

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You, he, she, my friends, the dogs, whatever you're talking about, okay? The subject, el sujeto.

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And then we have the verb, the verb that we are using.

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Usually in infinitive form, okay? Remember that if we are talking in the past, we already use the auxiliary in the past.

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Did you go to your grandparent's house last year?

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we don't say did you went

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because this way you're repeating the past

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you only put the past in the auxiliary

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the past or the continuous

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or the

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the s in the present simple

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does she

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play football

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you don't say does he plays

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so we use

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the verb usually in the infinitive form

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ending in ing

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if we are in the continuous and with the participle

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if we are in the perfect tense

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Okay, and then not obligatory, but if you have it, the complements, okay, all the words that might appear in the question.

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Okay, so here I have a table with an order.

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First, the WH word, then the auxiliary, then the subject, then the verb, and then the complements.

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Okay, and I have made three different questions.

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For example, what do you want for dinner?

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We have the WH word.

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We have the auxiliary because we're talking in the present simple.

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the subject, the verb, normal verb in infinitive without anything, and then the

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complements for dinner. What do you want for dinner? Another question. Where did

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they go last summer? So it's in the past this time. I use the auxiliary for the

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past and I put the verb in the infinitive form, okay? Where, double-edged word, auxiliary,

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subject, verb, and the complements, the rest of the sentence. And then I put an

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example of a question without a WH word, because it's not necessary, okay? Sometimes you don't

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need it. For example, can you play basketball? You can see can is a modal verb, can, then

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the subject, and then the verb. Can you play basketball? Okay, do you understand it? We

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have reviewed it many times, so I hope you understand it a little better. And then we

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have some, an activity, okay? I want you to do this activity. I want you to write the

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questions for these answers in this table, okay, following the other. WH word, if it is needed,

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auxiliary, subject, VAB, and complements, okay? Remember the obligatories are the auxiliary,

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the subject, and the VAB. So, these are the... Oh, only eight. Well, I'm going to write two more,

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don't worry, you'll have two more in your homework. You're going to do these 10 sentences,

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these are the answers and you have to think about the questions and you write

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the questions here separating the WH word, the auxiliary, the subject, the verb

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and the complements, okay? I'm going to make a couple of examples so that you

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know how to do it. Okay, so step by step. How are you going to do it? Little by

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little, one by one. First thing you have to do, think if you're going to need a WH

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word or not? How do you know that? If it's a yes-no answer, you don't need it, okay?

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Then you have to look for the verb and think about the tense it's using, and then you decide

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which auxiliary you're going to need, okay? It's better if you do it by heart, if you try to do

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it alone, but if you don't remember the auxiliary, you say, oh, it's the present simple. What auxiliary

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do i need then you look okay person symbol you need do or does okay so you can have a look at

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the table if you want to um let's make these examples okay we have a she goes shopping every

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saturday and then pay attention to word other but you have it here okay so in this case it's not so

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important she goes shopping every saturday what is the first thing we have to do are we going to

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to need a WH word? Is it a yes, no answer? No, they don't say yes or no. They just say

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that she goes shopping every Saturday. So, we are going to need a WH word. Which one

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are we going to need? She goes shopping every Saturday. There are many ways of doing it.

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Well, not so many, but let's ask about when, okay? When, and then what is the auxiliary?

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what is the tense goes if the verb is goes which tense is it it's the present

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simple okay the present simple which auxiliary does it need do or does which

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one are we going to choose we're going to choose does because it's the third

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person singular okay so that's then the subject who are we talking about about

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she you can write she you can write Mary Catalina Antonia whatever okay but just

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wait and then the verb what is the verb we are talking about let's go okay pay

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attention that we don't use the s because we have already used it here in

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the auxiliary and then what do we need what are the compliments when does she go shopping okay

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and that's a question when does she go shopping then another example i saw your parents yesterday

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okay first think is it a wh word is it a yes no answer no we don't have yes or no so it's a wh

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question what WH word are we going to use for example instead of when we're

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going to ask about who for example who did you see I said the question okay one

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by one so you write who then the auxiliary we look for the verb the verb

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is so so in which tense is it is it a present form no you need to know the

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irregular verbs and recognize that this is an a past form is the past simple so

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what is the auxiliary we use for the past simple we look here did okay then

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the subject what are you talking about you okay if the answer is I the question

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usually is you okay you and what is the verb we were talking about so is the

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pass form from C okay who did you see and what is the rest of the sentence

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that we didn't put yesterday okay do you understand how to do it let's try with

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another example with no I I'm not playing now for example okay in this

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case we have first thing are we going to need a WH word is it a yes no question

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yes okay we have this no so we're not going to use any WH word okay we're not

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going to use any WH word so we leave this empty don't worry doesn't matter

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okay and then the sentence no I'm not playing now what is the tense if the

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verb is not playing, what is the tense? It's a present continuous, okay? Present

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continuous. What is the auxiliary we're going to use? Am, is, are, okay? As you

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usually don't ask yourself, we're going to imagine that I'm asking you, okay? So

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are, then the subject you, and then what is the verb we're using? Play, playing in

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this case because it continues. Playing now. Do you understand it? Is it a bit

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more clear with these examples? Okay, I hope you understand it a little better

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and follow the steps to do the 10 answers you have here and you do them

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here in this table. Okay, following the order, each word in its

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place in the complement you can have more than one word okay so don't worry

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about that okay I hope it's been useful for you see you later bye bye