1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:12,900 hello everybody today we're going to see conditional sentences yes they are not 2 00:00:12,900 --> 00:00:22,039 difficult I promise conditional sentences are only a combination of two sentences of two 3 00:00:22,039 --> 00:00:30,199 situations a condition normally expressed with if and a consequence for 4 00:00:30,199 --> 00:00:37,799 this condition you know many examples like if you study for the exam you will 5 00:00:37,799 --> 00:00:45,799 pass yes we have seen that before but this is not the only example so let's 6 00:00:45,799 --> 00:00:54,079 see today I'm going to tell you a story so more or less you can link the story 7 00:00:54,079 --> 00:01:00,920 with the conditionals but first let's see what conditionals are conditional 8 00:01:00,920 --> 00:01:09,239 sentences what makes a conditional sentences as I said before two clauses 9 00:01:09,239 --> 00:01:16,480 one that express a condition and another one that express a consequence for 10 00:01:16,480 --> 00:01:23,560 example something happens here and there is a consequence in here it means that 11 00:01:23,560 --> 00:01:31,599 we will have two clauses two subjects one and two two verbs and two 12 00:01:31,599 --> 00:01:43,980 complements for example if you study for the exam you will pass yes but there are 13 00:01:43,980 --> 00:01:51,939 types of conditional sentences depending on what we are talking about if you 14 00:01:51,939 --> 00:01:57,939 study for the exam you will pass it's a real situation that makes it first 15 00:01:57,939 --> 00:02:05,319 conditional yes something that it's possible but when something is always 16 00:02:05,319 --> 00:02:14,500 true like for example when it rains you get wet it's a zero conditional it talks 17 00:02:14,500 --> 00:02:21,180 about scientific facts that are always true if we are imagining a situation 18 00:02:21,180 --> 00:02:29,020 like for example if I won the lottery I would buy a boat that is imaginary because I didn't 19 00:02:29,020 --> 00:02:35,419 I didn't win the lottery so if the situation is unlikely or imaginary we talk about second 20 00:02:35,419 --> 00:02:43,919 conditional yes third conditional it's about something in the past that we cannot change 21 00:02:43,919 --> 00:02:55,099 an imaginary situation in the past for example if i had known that this was so difficult i wouldn't 22 00:02:55,099 --> 00:03:02,719 have done it we will talk about it later and mix conditionals with consequences in the present 23 00:03:02,719 --> 00:03:16,550 or consequences in the past we'll see that later okay so let's see so let's see now 24 00:03:16,550 --> 00:03:26,210 conditional sentences with real examples of life. Okay? The thing is, I have got a friend 25 00:03:26,210 --> 00:03:36,490 and she has a boyfriend. I never liked this boyfriend. I don't like him. I think he is 26 00:03:36,490 --> 00:03:45,629 not a good person and that they shouldn't be together. I don't like him. And I try to 27 00:03:45,629 --> 00:03:53,430 tell her but it's not my my problem it's not my life so it's difficult to give 28 00:03:53,430 --> 00:04:02,509 advice and last week I went out and I saw him with another girl and now I 29 00:04:02,509 --> 00:04:09,909 don't know what to do because they were in a pub together they were kissing and 30 00:04:09,909 --> 00:04:19,550 my friend doesn't know and I don't know what to say so let's see let's see some 31 00:04:19,550 --> 00:04:27,509 conditional sentences for this situation to talk about things that are 32 00:04:27,509 --> 00:04:37,009 always true like scientific facts or personal facts like if you don't water 33 00:04:37,009 --> 00:04:45,410 the plant that is a condition they die there is a consequence so we have the 34 00:04:45,410 --> 00:04:52,850 first sentence and the second sentence if you don't water the plants they 35 00:04:52,850 --> 00:04:59,810 always die present simple and present simple because it's something that is 36 00:04:59,810 --> 00:05:08,250 always true or we can talk about personal facts when I drink coffee I get 37 00:05:08,250 --> 00:05:15,129 headache always every time I drink coffee I get headache this is 38 00:05:15,129 --> 00:05:25,180 zero-conditional for things that are always true so what is always true in 39 00:05:25,180 --> 00:05:34,720 the story with my friend every time I see her I want to tell her leave him 40 00:05:34,720 --> 00:05:44,560 don't be with him okay when I see my friend I want to tell her that he is not 41 00:05:44,560 --> 00:05:52,680 a nice person it always happens for me every time I see her present simple I 42 00:05:52,680 --> 00:05:57,319 I want to tell her that he's not a nice person. 43 00:05:58,379 --> 00:05:59,439 Present simple, too. 44 00:06:01,639 --> 00:06:08,939 In a zero conditional sentences, in the condition part, we can use if or we can use when. 45 00:06:09,439 --> 00:06:12,800 It means the same thing because it always happens. 46 00:06:13,420 --> 00:06:20,220 It doesn't matter if I say, if I drink coffee, I get a headache or when I drink coffee, I get a headache. 47 00:06:20,480 --> 00:06:21,600 It's the same thing. 48 00:06:21,600 --> 00:06:31,930 we can use both and it's still a zero conditional. In a zero conditional sentences in the condition 49 00:06:31,930 --> 00:06:41,029 part we can use if or we can use when. It means the same thing because always happens. Doesn't 50 00:06:41,029 --> 00:06:48,170 matter if I say if I drink coffee I get a headache or when I drink coffee I get a headache. It's the 51 00:06:48,170 --> 00:06:55,329 same thing. We can use both and it's still a zero conditional. Let's talk now about first 52 00:06:55,329 --> 00:07:02,689 conditional. We use first conditional to talk about things that are possible, that can happen 53 00:07:02,689 --> 00:07:10,370 in the future. It's not like they always happen, but they may happen. There will be a consequence 54 00:07:10,370 --> 00:07:20,170 in the future so we have the typical example if you don't study for the test you won't pass 55 00:07:20,170 --> 00:07:31,670 we can also use unless which means if not yes unless we study hard we won't graduate from high 56 00:07:31,670 --> 00:07:43,189 school. There is a condition in present simple and a consequence in the future. Normally, we use 57 00:07:43,189 --> 00:07:54,069 if and will, but this is not the only combination. Let's go back to the story of my friend. 58 00:07:54,069 --> 00:08:00,410 I went out and I saw her boyfriend with another girl 59 00:08:00,410 --> 00:08:03,389 and now I don't know what to do 60 00:08:03,389 --> 00:08:09,589 I don't know if I should tell her that he was with another girl or not 61 00:08:09,589 --> 00:08:14,529 so let's see some examples to see this exact 62 00:08:14,529 --> 00:08:21,829 as I said there are other combinations to make a first conditional 63 00:08:21,829 --> 00:08:32,070 apart from if and will so taking into account that the condition is see my friend and the result is 64 00:08:32,070 --> 00:08:42,769 telling her that her boyfriend was with another girl I have different situations if I say if 65 00:08:42,769 --> 00:08:53,950 if I see my friend that means that if I don't see her I won't tell her if I see her I will tell her 66 00:08:53,950 --> 00:09:02,570 but unless I see my friend I won't tell her that means that for example I'm not going to tell her 67 00:09:02,570 --> 00:09:11,690 by whatsapp I just want to tell her in person if I use when it means the moment when I see my friend 68 00:09:11,690 --> 00:09:16,669 When I see my friend, I'm going to tell her. 69 00:09:17,549 --> 00:09:19,809 Going to means intention. 70 00:09:20,309 --> 00:09:24,070 So, when I see my friend, I'm going to tell her. 71 00:09:24,409 --> 00:09:27,009 I have the intention of telling her. 72 00:09:27,669 --> 00:09:31,330 All these combinations are still first conditional. 73 00:09:32,230 --> 00:09:34,669 I can also use as soon as. 74 00:09:35,529 --> 00:09:40,909 It means the moment I see her before doing anything else before. 75 00:09:40,909 --> 00:09:45,509 As soon as I see my friend, I'm going to tell her 76 00:09:45,509 --> 00:09:47,750 It sounds like a threat 77 00:09:47,750 --> 00:09:49,610 Suena más como una amenaza 78 00:09:49,610 --> 00:09:52,490 As soon as I see my friend, I'm going to tell her 79 00:09:52,490 --> 00:09:56,409 But I also can say, I can't tell her 80 00:09:56,409 --> 00:09:58,350 Because I have the information 81 00:09:58,350 --> 00:09:59,909 I can't tell her 82 00:09:59,909 --> 00:10:04,350 Or if I'm not sure, I can use I might or I may 83 00:10:04,350 --> 00:10:08,350 If I see my friend, I may tell her 84 00:10:08,350 --> 00:10:09,769 I don't know, I'm not sure 85 00:10:09,769 --> 00:10:19,149 I have to think about it okay I also can use provided that accepting that supposing that 86 00:10:19,149 --> 00:10:30,350 yes or given that it means the same as if it expresses the condition and the result is that 87 00:10:30,350 --> 00:10:31,990 I tell her 88 00:10:31,990 --> 00:10:34,470 I can also use 89 00:10:34,470 --> 00:10:36,409 imperative, for example 90 00:10:36,409 --> 00:10:38,990 you can tell me 91 00:10:38,990 --> 00:10:40,549 if you see your friend 92 00:10:40,549 --> 00:10:41,429 tell her 93 00:10:41,429 --> 00:10:44,409 because you are giving me an instruction 94 00:10:44,409 --> 00:10:46,389 if you see your friend 95 00:10:46,389 --> 00:10:47,710 tell her 96 00:10:47,710 --> 00:10:50,350 so this is everything 97 00:10:50,350 --> 00:10:52,110 for today, ok? 98 00:10:52,570 --> 00:10:55,049 zero conditional and first conditional 99 00:10:55,049 --> 00:10:56,590 zero conditional 100 00:10:56,590 --> 00:10:58,990 things that happen always 101 00:10:58,990 --> 00:11:08,610 when I drink coffee I get headache or if I drink coffee I get a headache it happens always or 102 00:11:08,610 --> 00:11:15,070 first conditional it depends on the situation but it's always possible we are talking about 103 00:11:15,070 --> 00:11:21,909 real situation if I see my friend I'm going to tell her that her boyfriend is not nice or 104 00:11:21,909 --> 00:11:30,250 Or, when I see my friend, maybe tomorrow or in two days, when I see my friend, I can't 105 00:11:30,250 --> 00:11:36,350 tell her that I saw her boyfriend with another girl, but I don't know, ok? 106 00:11:36,350 --> 00:11:43,909 I will prepare now the second part with second conditional, third conditional and mixed conditionals, 107 00:11:43,909 --> 00:11:44,909 ok? 108 00:11:44,909 --> 00:11:50,230 So, see you later and try to follow the instructions.