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hi good morning everyone how are you we miss you a lot so this week we are going to start with

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challenge rgs challenge number four so in the previous challenges you were practicing with

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conditionals but now we are sorry that you dominate them so we are going to start with

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something new that are reported speech so as this issue is a little bit difficult i need you before

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doing this challenge to watch the video that Sergio made some weeks ago okay you can find

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it in the school website in the english corner all right so when when we want to tell someone

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what another person said we can use direct speech or reported speech that is also called

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and direct speech but we are going to learn it as reported speech so imagine that Sergio

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says I work in a school Sergio said okay this is what Sergio has said

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and how do we say this that is in direct speech into reported speech very easy

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in reported speech, we would say Sergio said that he worked in a school. What happened?

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That when we transform direct speech into reported speech, there are some words that need to be

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changed. Not always, because you know that English is not mathematics, but sometimes and normally it

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changes. For example, verbs. As you can see here, the verb work, we have changed it into worked with

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ed. We have changed present simple to past simple. Other words that normally change are

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expressions of time or place. In this case, we don't have examples, but normally words such as

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today yesterday the next day they normally change from direct speech to reported speech and finally

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words such as pronouns possessives or demonstratives also change in this example

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if you look i in direct speech changes into he in reported speech because here sergio is

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He is speaking, he is saying that I work in a school, but what happened in reported speech?

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That I'm writing what Sergio said.

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So, Sergio said that he, he is the person who worked in a school, all right?

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So, we need to know that regarding grammar, we have to, we need to consider some changes.

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So, in direct speech, present simple changes into past simple in the reported speech.

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We have already seen the previous example when Sergio said, I work in a school.

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And this changes into reported speech into Sergio said that he worked in a school.

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So, present simple work changes into past simple worked.

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Second change that we are going to start studying.

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In direct speech, present continuous changes into past continuous in reported speech.

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For example, if Sergio says, I am working in a school, the reported speech of this would be, Sergio said that he was working in a school.

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So, I am working, present continuous, changes into he was working in past continuous.

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And finally, last grammar change that we are going to study in this challenge is that present perfect in direct speech changes into past perfect in reported speech.

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The example for you to understand it is, if Sergio says, I have worked in a school, the reported speech of this sentence is, Sergio said that he had worked in a school.

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So, present perfect, have worked, changes into past perfect, had worked.

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Okay, so now what you have to do is transforming the sentences that I'm going to show you from

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direct speech to reported speech. Sentence number one. Clara and Sergio are saying this.

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We are missing our students. They are saying, Clara and Sergio, how do you transform this

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into reported speech? This is what you have to do. Look, because the words that are in another color

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are the ones that you have to change. We are missing, that is the verb, an hour. Sentence

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number two. Sergio, that is so sad, is saying this. I have hurt my leg. What is the reported

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speech of this sentence look because you have to change the the words that are in another color

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i have heard that is the verb and my okay remember that you must start the reported speech with

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sergio said that and finally the last sentence sentence number three that you have to do

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is the following one clara is saying this my brother travels a lot okay my brother travels a

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lot what is the reported speech sentence from this one remember that you have to change the verb

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travels and the word my okay and you have to start the sentence with clara said that

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okay so I wait for your replies all right remember that you can write it in a paper

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and send them to me or to Sergio or you can record it in in a video okay so we miss you a lot

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stay safe and stay home all right bye bye butterflies