1 00:00:02,540 --> 00:00:07,990 The Holocaust. What is the Holocaust? 2 00:00:09,650 --> 00:00:17,230 The timeline of the Holocaust is January 30th, 1933 to May 8th, 1945. 3 00:00:18,550 --> 00:00:24,050 Holocaust was a tragic event when people were treated badly and killed because of who they were. 4 00:00:24,949 --> 00:00:28,870 Genocide is when a large number of people are killed on purpose, 5 00:00:29,230 --> 00:00:33,590 particularly because of their race, their religion, or the color of their skin. 6 00:00:33,590 --> 00:00:41,950 The Holocaust was a genocide in the Second World War when lots of Jewish people were killed because of their religion. 7 00:00:45,490 --> 00:00:46,689 The Second World War 8 00:00:46,689 --> 00:00:54,070 85 years ago, a man named Adolf Hitler was the leader of the Nazi party in Germany. 9 00:00:54,670 --> 00:01:00,289 Nazi Germany began to invade other countries in Europe and started the Second World War. 10 00:01:02,399 --> 00:01:13,459 The Nazis believed that people who were Jewish, followed the Jewish religion, or had parents or grandparents who did, were to blame for Germany's problems and weren't as good as German people. 11 00:01:14,959 --> 00:01:20,980 The Nazis made laws so that Jewish people couldn't own businesses or go to school. 12 00:01:21,359 --> 00:01:25,120 They started planning to get rid of all of the Jewish people in Europe. 13 00:01:27,870 --> 00:01:28,629 What is prejudice? 14 00:01:28,629 --> 00:01:39,629 When you treat a group of people badly and say mean and unfair things about them because of their race, religion, or difference, this is called being prejudiced. 15 00:01:41,709 --> 00:01:45,209 This is what Hitler and the Nazi party did to the Jews. 16 00:01:45,670 --> 00:01:50,090 They treated them badly and made their lives unbearable because they were different. 17 00:01:51,250 --> 00:01:52,409 Why is this wrong? 18 00:01:55,579 --> 00:01:56,519 The Frank family. 19 00:01:56,920 --> 00:02:02,819 There was a young girl living in Frankfurt, Germany at the time. 20 00:02:03,120 --> 00:02:04,939 Her name was Anne Frank. 21 00:02:06,379 --> 00:02:09,740 Anne was born on June 12, 1929. 22 00:02:10,460 --> 00:02:14,699 She had an older sister, Margot, a mother, Edith, and a father, Otto. 23 00:02:15,319 --> 00:02:16,599 They were a Jewish family. 24 00:02:17,419 --> 00:02:23,680 When Otto realized that life was going to get very difficult for Jewish people, he moved the family to Holland. 25 00:02:26,729 --> 00:02:26,990 Kitty. 26 00:02:29,389 --> 00:02:30,870 Anne was an ordinary girl. 27 00:02:31,449 --> 00:02:34,090 On her 13th birthday, Anne was given a diary. 28 00:02:35,069 --> 00:02:40,150 She was very happy with this present because she wanted to become a famous writer when she grew up. 29 00:02:42,569 --> 00:02:53,210 Anne wrote, I want the diary to be my friend, and I'm going to call this friend Kitty, in hiding. 30 00:02:54,650 --> 00:02:58,509 The Nazis' treatment of Jewish people became worse and worse. 31 00:02:59,150 --> 00:03:03,349 People were being forced to leave their homes and go and live in concentration camps. 32 00:03:03,969 --> 00:03:09,610 Conditions in these camps were dreadful, and the Frank family knew that they were very dangerous. 33 00:03:10,830 --> 00:03:17,930 The Frank family went into hiding in a secret room they called the Annex, on the second floor above Otto's office. 34 00:03:18,590 --> 00:03:21,069 The entrance to the room was hidden by a bookcase. 35 00:03:22,270 --> 00:03:30,669 Some of Otto's loyal and brave colleagues risked everything by bringing food, clothing, newspapers, and magazines to the family. 36 00:03:32,919 --> 00:03:35,659 And this is what the bookcase would have looked like. 37 00:03:39,659 --> 00:03:40,439 The Annex. 38 00:03:40,439 --> 00:03:46,340 The family lived with four other people in the annex for two years. 39 00:03:46,840 --> 00:03:48,259 It was cramped and uncomfortable. 40 00:03:49,680 --> 00:03:57,000 One of the friends helping the Frank family was Mia Jeeves, Anne Rowe. 41 00:03:57,699 --> 00:04:01,960 She's also the one who brings five library books with her every Saturday. 42 00:04:02,680 --> 00:04:12,180 Ordinarily, people don't know how much books can mean to someone who's cooped up, living in fear. 43 00:04:12,539 --> 00:04:17,819 They were unable to go out, fearful of being arrested or killed. 44 00:04:18,120 --> 00:04:24,240 they had to remain absolutely silent during the day and the curtains had to stay closed 45 00:04:24,240 --> 00:04:33,449 in case the neighbors caught sight of them and wrote not being able to go outside upsets upsets 46 00:04:33,449 --> 00:04:40,350 me more than i can say and i'm terrified our hiding place will be discovered and that we'll 47 00:04:40,350 --> 00:04:50,399 be shot missing things the people in the annex miss everyday things because they had to be so 48 00:04:50,399 --> 00:04:59,160 quiet, Anne wrote a lot in her diary. Anne wrote, I long to ride a bike, dance, whistle, look at the 49 00:04:59,160 --> 00:05:07,000 world, feel young, and know that I'm free. Most of all, I long to have a home of our own, to be able 50 00:05:07,000 --> 00:05:12,579 to move around freely and have someone help me with my homework again, at last. In other words, 51 00:05:12,579 --> 00:05:20,079 to go back to school. The last time Anne wrote in her diary was on the 1st of August in 1944. 52 00:05:20,399 --> 00:05:29,430 Auschwitz. Three days later, Anne Frank and her family were found 53 00:05:29,430 --> 00:05:33,470 by the Nazis and arrested. They were taken to a concentration 54 00:05:33,470 --> 00:05:37,509 camp called Auschwitz. The Nazis 55 00:05:37,509 --> 00:05:41,550 imprisoned Jewish people in concentration camps where they were forced 56 00:05:41,550 --> 00:05:45,129 to do horrible, dangerous work and were not given enough food, 57 00:05:45,529 --> 00:05:49,509 water, medicine, or warm clothes. Millions 58 00:05:49,509 --> 00:05:53,189 of people were killed by the Nazis in concentration camps 59 00:05:57,220 --> 00:05:58,040 Anne's story. 60 00:06:00,199 --> 00:06:02,019 Anne's mother was killed at Auschwitz. 61 00:06:03,500 --> 00:06:08,420 Anne and Margot were taken to another camp called Bergen-Belsen. 62 00:06:09,100 --> 00:06:12,579 Here, they both became ill with typhus and also died. 63 00:06:14,660 --> 00:06:17,939 Otto was the only member of the family to survive the Holocaust. 64 00:06:19,339 --> 00:06:24,980 The war ended in 1945, and everyone who had survived was released from the camps. 65 00:06:26,300 --> 00:06:28,240 Otto returned home to Holland. 66 00:06:31,500 --> 00:06:32,300 Anne's Diary 67 00:06:32,300 --> 00:06:38,500 Miep Gies was one of the friends who had helped the family in hiding. 68 00:06:39,279 --> 00:06:44,939 She found Anne's diary in the annex after they were arrested and kept it safe throughout the war. 69 00:06:45,220 --> 00:06:52,540 She gave the diary to Otto and he decided to publish the diary in honor of his youngest daughter. 70 00:06:55,439 --> 00:06:59,180 In 1947, a diary of a young girl was published. 71 00:07:02,240 --> 00:07:02,959 Anne's Legacy 72 00:07:02,959 --> 00:07:08,060 I still believe, in spite of everything, that people are truly good at heart. 73 00:07:08,899 --> 00:07:09,519 Anne Frank 74 00:07:09,519 --> 00:07:16,660 Anne's book has been translated into 70 languages and has been read by millions of people. 75 00:07:17,519 --> 00:07:24,420 By reading her words, people can learn and understand what life was like for Jewish people under Nazi rule. 76 00:07:24,420 --> 00:07:32,899 Anne dreamed of becoming a famous writer and now she is one, although she died without ever knowing 77 00:07:32,899 --> 00:07:39,959 it. Her words have empowered young people and given them strength to stand up to all forms of 78 00:07:39,959 --> 00:07:49,310 prejudice, racism, and discrimination. She is an inspiration to all. How can you use your words to 79 00:07:49,310 --> 00:08:00,709 do good in the world today. The power of words. It is great that no one, nobody, needs to wait a 80 00:08:00,709 --> 00:08:07,550 single moment before starting to improve the world. Don't think of the misery, but all of the beauty 81 00:08:07,550 --> 00:08:14,990 that still remains. What is done cannot be undone, but one can prevent it happening again. 82 00:08:16,490 --> 00:08:20,370 We can all play our part in preventing this prejudice happening again. 83 00:08:20,370 --> 00:08:29,509 we can be kind towards everyone even if they are not our friends we can try to understand how people 84 00:08:29,509 --> 00:08:35,649 might be feeling we can share these stories and ideas with other people through talking 85 00:08:35,649 --> 00:08:44,379 we can stand up for people in writing and poetry Anne Frank House 86 00:08:44,379 --> 00:08:56,600 these are some pictures of the Anne Frank House in Holland Netherlands so here are some poems 87 00:08:56,600 --> 00:09:00,600 This is the first one, poetry written by Third Esso. 88 00:09:01,580 --> 00:09:04,200 It's called Endless Fear by Nightmare. 89 00:09:05,039 --> 00:09:07,399 I was just a child when it all began. 90 00:09:07,940 --> 00:09:14,740 The world around me, once so grand, was turning my family and neighbors apart as they were forced to depart. 91 00:09:15,600 --> 00:09:23,460 We arrived there, there we unfairly laid, experiencing horrible moments that became my daily innermost nightmares. 92 00:09:23,460 --> 00:09:29,559 A spine-chilling cold place full of tears of those souls who I lost year by year. 93 00:09:30,340 --> 00:09:36,320 I will never forget the horror I lived and the gloomy memories that are tattooed on my skin. 94 00:09:37,360 --> 00:09:41,759 Lately, I found out that my once joyful life is about to end. 95 00:09:42,620 --> 00:09:44,019 Death was my fate. 96 00:09:44,820 --> 00:09:45,919 Despair my surname. 97 00:09:49,809 --> 00:09:52,629 Here is another poem written by a third SL. 98 00:09:55,049 --> 00:09:57,090 Injustice by the Rebel Poets 99 00:09:57,090 --> 00:09:59,549 I do not think this is fine. 100 00:10:00,490 --> 00:10:02,529 Why do we have to hate everyone? 101 00:10:03,490 --> 00:10:08,529 All this nonsense war blows my mind because people do not have the right to kill anyone. 102 00:10:09,129 --> 00:10:10,950 Why do they support this government? 103 00:10:11,509 --> 00:10:13,970 The government is destroying your life. 104 00:10:14,690 --> 00:10:16,409 The government washes your brain out. 105 00:10:17,389 --> 00:10:21,190 Democracy is the only system that guarantees your existence. 106 00:10:21,610 --> 00:10:26,669 We have to learn how to love and respect as injustice is not the right way. 107 00:10:27,090 --> 00:10:37,649 Blood runs down the cobbles. Blood covers my dreams. Every soul is not treated equally. Thank you.