1 00:00:17,250 --> 00:00:21,149 Imperialism was an historical process that mainly happened during the 19th century. 2 00:00:21,649 --> 00:00:27,870 During this period, many European countries became more powerful and started expanding into continents like Africa and Asia. 3 00:00:28,589 --> 00:00:33,710 Countries such as Britain, France, Germany and Spain wanted to control new territories around the world. 4 00:00:34,369 --> 00:00:41,810 The main goals were to obtain new raw materials for their industries, find new markets to sell their products and increase their political and military power. 5 00:00:42,350 --> 00:00:46,250 European countries compete with each other to build the largest empires. 6 00:00:46,689 --> 00:00:51,390 As a result, many regions in Africa and Asia came under European control. 7 00:00:52,070 --> 00:00:54,149 Imperialism changed the world in many ways. 8 00:00:54,630 --> 00:00:57,109 It helped European countries become richer and stronger, 9 00:00:57,530 --> 00:01:03,590 but it also caused exploitation, inequality, and the loss of local cultures in colonized territories. 10 00:01:06,769 --> 00:01:09,430 One of the main causes of imperialism was the economy. 11 00:01:09,849 --> 00:01:12,870 During the 19th century, Europe became highly industrialized. 12 00:01:13,390 --> 00:01:16,409 Manufacturers were producing lunch and most of products every day. 13 00:01:17,129 --> 00:01:24,510 To continue producing, factories need raw materials such as cotton for clothes, rubber for machines, and minerals like gold or iron. 14 00:01:25,650 --> 00:01:32,629 Europe didn't always have enough of these resources, so European countries looked for them in Africa and Asia. 15 00:01:33,310 --> 00:01:37,010 European countries also need new markets to sell their manufactured products. 16 00:01:37,189 --> 00:01:43,370 In Europe, there was a lot of competition, so colonies became perfect places to sell goods. 17 00:01:43,930 --> 00:01:47,069 Because of this, colonies were very important for European economies. 18 00:01:51,519 --> 00:01:54,340 Another important cause of imperialism was political. 19 00:01:54,959 --> 00:01:59,040 European countries wanted to become more powerful and respected than other nations. 20 00:01:59,719 --> 00:02:04,420 Having colonies was seen as a symbol of strength, prestige and international importance. 21 00:02:04,900 --> 00:02:08,780 The more territories a country controlled, the more influence it had in the world. 22 00:02:09,400 --> 00:02:11,919 Because of this, countries like Britain and France 23 00:02:11,919 --> 00:02:17,099 compete to build the largest empires and expand their control over Africa and Asia. 24 00:02:18,000 --> 00:02:23,159 This really increased tensions between European powers and encouraged imperial expansion. 25 00:02:26,250 --> 00:02:29,409 There were also demographic causes behind imperialism. 26 00:02:29,409 --> 00:02:35,710 The population in Europe increased very quickly because of improvements in medicine and living conditions. 27 00:02:36,389 --> 00:02:42,909 As a result, many cities became overcrowded, and problems like unemployment and lack of resources appeared. 28 00:02:43,669 --> 00:02:51,270 Many Europeans decided to move to their colonies in Africa and Asia to find jobs, land, and better opportunities for a new life. 29 00:02:52,030 --> 00:02:56,530 This migration helped European countries strengthen their control over the colonies. 30 00:02:59,860 --> 00:03:01,939 There were also ideological causes. 31 00:03:02,659 --> 00:03:08,699 Many Europeans believed that their culture, region, and way of life were superior to those of other peoples. 32 00:03:08,960 --> 00:03:14,879 They thought it was their mission to civilize and educate the populations living in Africa and Asia. 33 00:03:15,439 --> 00:03:20,780 This idea was used to justify imperialism and European expansion around the world. 34 00:03:21,379 --> 00:03:27,000 However, in many colonies, European powers imposed the language, region and customs, 35 00:03:27,620 --> 00:03:30,539 which caused the loss of local traditions and cultures. 36 00:03:34,099 --> 00:03:37,780 Imperialism was carefully planned and recognized by European powers. 37 00:03:37,780 --> 00:03:41,120 One of the most important events was the Berlin Conference, 38 00:03:41,620 --> 00:03:47,219 where European countries met to divide Africa between them without asking the African people. 39 00:03:48,099 --> 00:03:52,020 European powers used their military strength and advanced technology 40 00:03:52,020 --> 00:03:55,379 such as modern weapons and ships to control these territories. 41 00:03:56,020 --> 00:04:01,300 They also imposed on governments, law and economic systems on the colonies 42 00:04:01,300 --> 00:04:04,659 in order to maintain control and benefit from their resources. 43 00:04:08,419 --> 00:04:09,219 Main Empires 44 00:04:09,219 --> 00:04:13,620 The main imperial powers were Britain, France, Spain, Germany and Portugal. 45 00:04:14,259 --> 00:04:18,019 Britain had the largest empire, especially in Africa and India. 46 00:04:18,019 --> 00:04:25,019 France expanded in North and West Africa. Spain had colonies like the Philippines or in Mexico. 47 00:04:25,019 --> 00:04:28,019 Germany and Portugal also had territories in Africa. 48 00:04:28,019 --> 00:04:34,339 Consequences for Europe 49 00:04:34,339 --> 00:04:39,339 Imperialism had positive effects for Europe. It increased wealth and access to raw materials. 50 00:04:39,339 --> 00:04:44,339 It also helped industrial growth and made countries more powerful. 51 00:04:44,339 --> 00:04:52,300 Consequences for colonized territories 52 00:04:52,300 --> 00:04:56,300 However, the consequences were negative for colonized territories. 53 00:04:56,300 --> 00:05:00,300 People were exploited and resources were taken. 54 00:05:00,300 --> 00:05:13,069 Many cultures were lost, this created inequality and long-term problems. 55 00:05:13,069 --> 00:05:15,069 Resistance and today. 56 00:05:15,069 --> 00:05:19,069 Many local people resisted imperialism, but they were often defeated. 57 00:05:19,069 --> 00:05:22,069 Today we can still see the defects of imperialism. 58 00:05:22,069 --> 00:05:26,069 Many borders were recreated by Europeans, causing conflicts. 59 00:05:26,069 --> 00:05:31,069 There are also economic inequalities between former colonies and Europe. 60 00:05:31,069 --> 00:05:38,420 In conclusion, imperialism changed the world. 61 00:05:38,420 --> 00:05:43,300 the world it helped european countries but causes serious problems in other regions 62 00:05:44,019 --> 00:05:49,939 its consequences are still important today so we can understand this period of history