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hello everyone we are going to study in this first video just the introduction

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of this unit 2 as you can see in the in the title is the age of the liberal

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revolutions it means revolutions that they are going to take place at the end

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of the 18th century and during the 19th century and these revolutions are

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called liberal revolutions because they are going to try to impose okay to

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expand the ideas of the Enlightenment. It means these revolutions are going to be

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based on the ideas of the Enlightenment and they want to change the society, the

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economy, politics based on these Enlightenment ideas. So let's see first

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the index what we are going to study in this unit and then we will continue. So

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first in the index first we are going to talk about an introduction that's this

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first video second we are going to explain liberalism and nationalism what

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is what these two concepts are and then we are going to study the American

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Revolution we will continue with the French Revolution both are liberal

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revolutions we will study how Napoleon is going to expand all over Europe and

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and he is going to spread the French Revolution ideas, it means the Enlightenment ideas in Europe.

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After Napoleon we are going to study the absolutist restoration, it means the different

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absolutist monarchs that they are going to try to go back, it means to try to avoid the liberal

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ideas and to set or re-establish the absolutism in Europe and how they are going to fail because

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there are going to be different liberal revolutions that different liberal

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revolutions are going to break out in Europe in the different countries so

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these liberal revolutions are going to finally vanish or end with absolutism

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and they are going to establish new states based on the ideas of the French

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Revolution that there are they are the the Enlightenment ideas and finally we

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talk about the national unifications, the Italian and the German unification based

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on nationalism, based on these national ideas. So let's begin with the

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introduction and we will then in the next video continue with the explanation

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of what is liberalism and nationalism. So let's see, let's study, let's see the

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introduction. The important thing is we are going to see how the Enlightenment

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ideology, it means the Enlightenment ideas, along with the Industrial Revolution that

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we are going to study in the next unit and the enrichment of the bourgeoisie

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means the bourgeoisie is going to get more economic power and now using these

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enlightenment ideas they are going to reach the political power okay so these

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enlightenment ideas along with the Industrial Revolution and the bourgeoisie

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and enrichment of the bourgeoisie and these three variables are going to

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change the political scenario in Europe. It means we are going to see how the

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the bourgeoisie is going to establish liberal regimes in Europe based also in

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nationalist ideas. So the bourgeoisie is going to take power thanks to the

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Industrial Revolution and thanks to it means the economic development in Europe

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and also thanks to the enlightenment ideology the enlightenment ideas it means these ideas that they

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are going to create or they are going to propose liberalism that we are going to see in the next

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video so the idea is these are enlightenment ideas along with the industrial revolution

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and the bourgeoisie getting more money these three variables are going to change the political

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scenario why because the bourgeoisie is going to carry out different liberal revolutions it means

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revolutions with based on the enlightenment ideas in order to change

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the political scenario in order to end with the absolutist the absolutism and

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establishing republics or monarchies that they are going to be based on what

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Constitution they are going to be based on separation of powers equality before

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the law etc etc so they are going to create they are going to create new

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liberal regimes how as I said through revolutionary process through different

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revolutions okay where in both shores okay in both shores of the Atlantic

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Ocean that's why we are going to call this revolution the Atlantic revolutions

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we are going to see three main revolutions the first one is the

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American Revolution it means how the 13 colonies are going to achieve

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independence so the 13 colonies independence is going to take place

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between the 1776 till 1783 so these 13 colonies independence is going to start

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in 1776 and of course is going to be one of the shores of the Atlantic Ocean in

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America the second Atlantic Revolution is going to be the French Revolution

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that is going to break out in Europe in 1789 and the last the last Atlantic

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revolutions is going to take place in the Spanish America it means in the

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colonies the Spanish colonies in America and you can see these revolutions are

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going to start in 1810 and they are going to end in 1824 it means in the

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19th century early 19th century so as you can see we are going to see the two

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main Atlantic revolutions are going to take place at the end of the 18th

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century and in the 19th century we are going to see this Spanish America

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independence how the the Spanish colonies in America are going to turn

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into new countries like Mexico Peru Venezuela Cuba etc so which are the

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consequences of these revolutions first the absolute monarchies are going to

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disappear remember the Enlightenment ideas they didn't want an absolute

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monarch so the absolute monarchies are going to disappear and also the stratified

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society so no more privileges what we are going to establish is an a class

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society it means a society based on money okay the distinction the

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differentiation between the population is going to be the money second we are

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going to study and we are going to see how the bourgeoisie became the dominant

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social group is it means the bourgeoisie is going to be the social class ruling

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the countries after these liberal revolutions and in the end new states are going to be created

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due to the independence of the USA Mexico etc or unifications national unifications like Italy or

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Germany so this is what we are going to study in this unit how politics in the 19th century

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are going to change due to the Enlightenment ideas. What mean? The

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Enlightenment ideas, that they are liberal ideas, are going to change through

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revolutions the political scenario, the political situation. So in the next video

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we are going to talk about liberalism and nationalism, the two main ideologies

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that they are going to change the society the economy and politics in the 19th century in Europe