1
00:00:30,000 --> 00:00:39,000
The percussion instruments produce the sound when a solid body that is hit or is hit enters in vibration.

2
00:00:53,000 --> 00:00:56,000
They are classified into three groups.

3
00:00:56,000 --> 00:01:00,000
Patches or membranes, commonly known as drums,

4
00:01:02,000 --> 00:01:03,000
sheets,

5
00:01:06,000 --> 00:01:11,000
and the so-called small percussion, a varied and nourished group of instruments.

6
00:01:11,000 --> 00:01:31,000
The patch or membrane instruments are characterized by having one or two tense membranes that, when hit, produce the sound.

7
00:01:33,000 --> 00:01:37,000
These instruments can be percussed directly with the hands,

8
00:01:41,000 --> 00:01:50,000
with metal brushes,

9
00:01:59,000 --> 00:02:01,000
with wooden sticks,

10
00:02:01,000 --> 00:02:13,000
or with sticks of different sizes and shapes, made of wood, rubber, or covered with felt or wool.

11
00:02:13,000 --> 00:02:30,000
The cymbals have a patch or membrane of plastic material,

12
00:02:30,000 --> 00:02:34,000
held by a metal ring by eight screws.

13
00:02:34,000 --> 00:02:41,000
The resonance box is a copper or brass body in the shape of a half-sphere that rises on some legs.

14
00:02:42,000 --> 00:02:45,000
The cymbals produce sounds of a certain height.

15
00:02:45,000 --> 00:02:54,000
Its tuning is controlled by a manual mechanism attached to the ring that is in communication with some tensors that are operated by a pedal.

16
00:02:55,000 --> 00:03:00,000
The tuning is achieved by controlling the tension of the patch with this mechanism.

17
00:03:11,000 --> 00:03:25,000
By using the pedal in its different positions, sounds of different heights can be produced without stopping playing.

18
00:03:25,000 --> 00:03:44,000
The glissando is obtained by using the pedal continuously.

19
00:03:45,000 --> 00:03:58,000
To mute the sound, the fingers or sticks are used.

20
00:03:58,000 --> 00:04:10,000
In the cymbals, you can appreciate very well the changes in intensity.

21
00:04:10,000 --> 00:04:30,000
Associated sounds are usually used, two, three, four, or more, combining the height of the sounds to enrich their expressive resources.

22
00:05:10,000 --> 00:05:20,000
The hype is a large-volume instrument that has two patches.

23
00:05:20,000 --> 00:05:30,000
These two patches are tensed on one side and the other side of its harmonic box by means of some keys.

24
00:05:30,000 --> 00:05:42,000
Although the hype does not produce certain sounds, it is necessary to tune it.

25
00:05:43,000 --> 00:05:53,000
A characteristic effect is achieved by hitting it with a large stick.

26
00:05:53,000 --> 00:06:13,000
It is also common to use two sticks.

27
00:06:14,000 --> 00:06:26,000
The box or clear box is a small instrument of a single membrane tensed on a metal body in a cylindrical way.

28
00:06:27,000 --> 00:06:34,000
The double is the most characteristic effect of the box. It is done with sticks.

29
00:06:34,000 --> 00:06:48,000
The box has a metal bordon under the patch that can stop acting by activating a mechanism.

30
00:06:49,000 --> 00:07:07,000
The timbre is drier when the bordon is removed.

31
00:07:08,000 --> 00:07:20,000
The rhythms of the march are very characteristic of the box.

32
00:07:21,000 --> 00:07:35,000
In addition to the sticks, nowadays it is common to use brushes.

33
00:07:36,000 --> 00:07:47,000
The bongos are two instruments, one larger than the other, of a single patch, which appear associated and produce indeterminate sounds of different heights.

34
00:07:47,000 --> 00:07:57,000
They are percussed directly with the hands. Their rhythmic effects reveal their ethnic origin.