1 00:00:01,330 --> 00:00:03,330 Hello guys, how are you? 2 00:00:03,430 --> 00:00:08,009 So today we are going to study about the coasts and islands of Spain 3 00:00:08,089 --> 00:00:14,689 Okay, the Spain's coasts and islands. We are on page 14 on the social science book 4 00:00:16,050 --> 00:00:17,730 Let's start reading 5 00:00:17,730 --> 00:00:21,710 Spain is on a peninsula and its coast land is varied 6 00:00:22,170 --> 00:00:25,550 There are rocky coasts with high cliffs 7 00:00:25,550 --> 00:00:41,250 So the coasts are rocky. They have got a lot of rocks with high cliffs. Remember cliffs that we studied this word in the vocabulary of English? A cliff was a cantilado. So Spain has got high cliffs. 8 00:00:41,250 --> 00:00:54,390 But it also has flat coasts with white sandy beaches. Coasts that are flat with white and sandy beaches. Beaches with a lot of sand. 9 00:00:55,450 --> 00:01:09,150 In Spain there are also capes which often have lighthouses to warn boats about the rocky coasts, archipelagos, islands, bays, gulfs and rias. 10 00:01:09,150 --> 00:01:27,170 Okay, we are going to study these words. A cape. What is a cape? A cape is like a peninsula or a piece of land that extends into the sea. Here. For example, this one. 11 00:01:27,170 --> 00:01:32,049 Cape in geography is a piece of land or a peninsula 12 00:01:32,329 --> 00:01:36,810 Here that extends into the sea in Spanish. We say Cabo 13 00:01:37,310 --> 00:01:39,609 Okay, and it often has 14 00:01:40,170 --> 00:01:41,790 light 15 00:01:41,790 --> 00:01:43,750 houses 16 00:01:43,750 --> 00:01:46,689 For example this one to warn boats 17 00:01:47,390 --> 00:01:49,469 So that the boats don't crash 18 00:01:50,129 --> 00:01:52,629 Okay to warn boats about the coast 19 00:01:52,629 --> 00:02:06,629 There are also archipelagos. Remember what an archipelago is? An archipelago is a group of islands and in Spain we have two very famous archipelagos. 20 00:02:06,629 --> 00:02:13,629 We have Islas Baleares, no? And we have Canary Islands, Balearic Islands and the Canary Islands. 21 00:02:13,629 --> 00:02:19,189 And an archipelago is made up of different islands, ok? 22 00:02:19,370 --> 00:02:31,370 For example, in Canary Islands you can find Tenerife, La Palma, in Baleares, in Balearic Islands you can find Ibiza, Mallorca, Menorca, ok? 23 00:02:32,210 --> 00:02:36,770 We also have bays, a bay is the opposite of a cape. 24 00:02:36,770 --> 00:03:00,409 If a cave is a piece of land that produces into the sea, that extends into the sea, a bay is an area of sea, of water, of sea, which cuts into the land. 25 00:03:00,409 --> 00:03:26,590 Okay, the sea goes into the land. This is a bay. Una bahía. And a big, big, big, big, big bay, a large bay, is a gulf. Un golfo. A gulf. Okay? Gulf of Mexico, or in Spain we have Gulf of Cádiz. In Spain, this one. A gulf. A large bay. Una bahía grande. A large bay. 26 00:03:26,590 --> 00:03:33,849 Ok, let's continue and we also have Rías that we are going to study later. 27 00:03:33,849 --> 00:03:36,770 Let's start with the Cantabrian Sea. 28 00:03:36,770 --> 00:03:41,770 A cave is a peninsula which protrudes into a body of water. 29 00:03:41,770 --> 00:03:48,870 The main caves on the Cantabrian coast are Cabo de Machichaco in Vizcaya in País Vasco, 30 00:03:48,870 --> 00:03:53,710 Ajo in Cantabria and Ortegal and Estaca de Bares in Galicia. 31 00:03:53,710 --> 00:04:04,759 Let's see a picture for example of Machichago, Cabo de Machichago, this one here, this is 32 00:04:04,759 --> 00:04:14,780 the cape and as you can see it has got a lighthouse, then we have Cabo de Ajo, which Anabel loves 33 00:04:14,780 --> 00:04:24,860 this cape, then sunset is beautiful here in Cabo de Ajo and for example Cabo de 34 00:04:24,860 --> 00:04:33,019 Ortegal, well let's see a picture in Galicia this one beautiful as well and 35 00:04:33,019 --> 00:04:39,779 you can see a lighthouse here okay these are the caves these are the most 36 00:04:39,779 --> 00:04:45,480 important capes on the Cantabrian coast now we are going to study the Atlantic 37 00:04:45,480 --> 00:04:52,540 coast the main capes on the Atlantic coasts are Cabo de Fisterra and Trafalgar 38 00:04:52,540 --> 00:04:59,040 Cabo de Fisterra is in Galicia and it's it is considered the end of the world it 39 00:04:59,040 --> 00:05:03,899 was considered the end of the world el fin del mundo that's why it's called 40 00:05:03,899 --> 00:05:13,339 Fisterra. Cabo de Fisterra, this one, here, in Galiz. Beautiful as well. And we also have 41 00:05:13,339 --> 00:05:30,060 Cabo Trafalgar. Trafalgar. This one here, another cape with a lighthouse. Now, if we 42 00:05:30,060 --> 00:05:42,139 go to the Mediterranean coast you can see Cabo de Gata, Cabo de Palos, Cabo de Lanao 43 00:05:42,139 --> 00:05:44,819 and Creus. 44 00:05:44,819 --> 00:05:51,620 Let's see a picture of here, Cabo de Creus is here in Catalunya, for example Cabo de 45 00:05:51,620 --> 00:06:04,959 which is very famous here this is Cabo de Gata okay another Cape very important 46 00:06:04,959 --> 00:06:18,370 Cape now let's continue with the Gulf a Gulf is sea cutting into land it's the 47 00:06:18,370 --> 00:06:23,829 opposite of a Cape okay the sea gets into the land goes into the land cuts 48 00:06:23,829 --> 00:06:30,449 into the land. A small gulf is often called a bay okay so a gulf is a big big 49 00:06:30,449 --> 00:06:39,069 big bay. Spain's biggest gulfs are the Golfo de Cádiz here, Valencia and 50 00:06:39,069 --> 00:06:45,509 Roses here. Golfo de Roses, Golfo de Valencia and Golfo de Cádiz. Let's see a 51 00:06:45,509 --> 00:06:56,069 picture of Golfo de Valencia for example. Here the land gets into the sea. The land 52 00:06:56,069 --> 00:07:03,930 cuts I mean the sea the opposite the sea gets into the land the land is here and 53 00:07:03,930 --> 00:07:17,459 the sea cuts into the land that's a gulf okay let's go to Rías. Rías are a coastal 54 00:07:17,459 --> 00:07:22,720 landform they are submerged river valleys okay 55 00:07:22,720 --> 00:07:31,959 Son valles de río sumergidos, sometimes with steep sides that open into the sea. 56 00:07:32,620 --> 00:07:38,100 They were formed when sea levels rose and flooded a river valley. 57 00:07:38,100 --> 00:07:50,000 So, there was a river valley, un valle fluvial, un valle de río, and the sea level rose and floated, inundó the valley. 58 00:07:50,000 --> 00:08:24,480 Okay, here you can find a picture, for example, Ría Geográfica, here, the sea level rose and flooded the valley, okay, this is a ría, or here, the main rías in Spain are located in the north, and especially on the Galician coast, here, as you can see, we have Rías Altas and Rías Baixas, 59 00:08:24,480 --> 00:08:38,110 Rías Altas include the Rías de Ares, Betanzos, Ferrol, Cedeira and Ortigueira, and the Rías Baixas include the Rías de Vigo, Pontevedra and Arousa. 60 00:08:38,110 --> 00:08:43,110 Let's see a picture of Rías Altas, for example... 61 00:08:45,110 --> 00:08:49,110 Let's see if we have a picture here, in Galicia. 62 00:08:49,110 --> 00:09:11,629 For example, Inferrol, this is a RIA, Inferrol, the sea level flooded the valley, el valle, inundó el valle. 63 00:09:13,529 --> 00:09:25,330 Ok guys, so that's it, if you have any questions you can send me an email and you have to do exercise 2, you have to write true or false, and remember you need to correct the false sentences. 64 00:09:25,330 --> 00:09:28,629 Ok, bye bye.