1 00:00:08,369 --> 00:00:13,369 The disease was first described by Jacob Hain in 1840. 2 00:00:13,369 --> 00:00:18,370 Then, in the 20th century, two types of infections were established. 3 00:00:18,370 --> 00:00:24,370 One didn't affect to the central nervous system and the other one could lead to paralysis. 4 00:00:24,370 --> 00:00:31,370 It began to be controlled in 1949, when Edward Salk developed a batting for the polio. 5 00:00:31,370 --> 00:00:36,369 In 1964, a new and better batting substituted Salk's one. 6 00:00:36,369 --> 00:00:40,329 This one was developed by Albert Sabin. 7 00:00:40,329 --> 00:00:46,729 In 2002, the World Health Organization declared Europe free of the bacterium. 8 00:00:46,729 --> 00:00:52,369 The World Health Organization began its campaign against the polio in 1988. 9 00:00:52,369 --> 00:00:59,090 In 2006, being Niger and Egypt deleted from the infected countries, the WHO declared that 10 00:00:59,090 --> 00:01:03,049 just four countries were still infected by the disease. 11 00:01:03,049 --> 00:01:08,430 Human centers involved on the cure announced that they were going to redouble their efforts 12 00:01:08,430 --> 00:01:11,870 so that there won't be more cases in two years. 13 00:01:11,870 --> 00:01:16,629 The polio is an infection caused by a member of the enterovirus genus. 14 00:01:16,629 --> 00:01:22,390 This group of ARN viruses just causes effect in human beings. 15 00:01:22,390 --> 00:01:25,349 Three stereotypes have been identified. 16 00:01:25,349 --> 00:01:30,730 They all produce the same symptoms, but the PV1 is the most common. 17 00:01:30,730 --> 00:01:35,230 The incubation period can last between 2 and 20 days. 18 00:01:35,230 --> 00:01:39,129 It's transmitted through contaminated water or food. 19 00:01:39,129 --> 00:01:44,349 It's more harmful between the 10 first days, but the transmission is always possible while 20 00:01:44,349 --> 00:01:48,829 it remains in the saliva or excrements. 21 00:01:48,829 --> 00:01:53,849 The virus reaches the body through the mouth and reproduces until it's absorbed by the 22 00:01:53,849 --> 00:01:54,849 blood. 23 00:01:54,849 --> 00:01:58,349 This leads to an extreme expansion through all the body. 24 00:01:58,349 --> 00:02:03,849 It is uncommon that the central nervous system becomes infected and if it is the case it 25 00:02:03,849 --> 00:02:06,469 might be an accidental desviation. 26 00:02:06,469 --> 00:02:14,610 The ways of reaching the CNS are unknown but it depends on the age and gender of the person. 27 00:02:14,610 --> 00:02:17,949 The prognosis consists of three different types. 28 00:02:17,949 --> 00:02:21,270 The first one is amortization polymyelitis. 29 00:02:21,270 --> 00:02:26,469 This prognosis consequences means that the patient is getting better. 30 00:02:26,469 --> 00:02:29,530 The second one is pre-paralyzed poliomyelitis. 31 00:02:29,530 --> 00:02:34,389 This one is not very common, although it affects the central nervous system. 32 00:02:34,389 --> 00:02:37,530 The third one is paralyzed poliomyelitis. 33 00:02:37,530 --> 00:02:41,189 Its symptoms are fever and muscular pain. 34 00:02:41,189 --> 00:02:46,030 There is no cure for polio actually, so the treatment is very simple. 35 00:02:46,030 --> 00:02:52,889 It consists of long rehabilitation terms, physical therapy or orthopedic surgery. 36 00:02:52,889 --> 00:02:58,310 A laboratory diagnosis is usually made based on the recovery of poliovirus. 37 00:02:58,310 --> 00:03:07,810 It is important to determine the source of virus because for each reported cause of paralytic polio caused by wild poliovirus, 38 00:03:08,389 --> 00:03:16,189 an estimated of 200 to 300 other contagious asymptomatic caries exist. 39 00:03:18,580 --> 00:03:21,180 We can prevent this illness by two ways. 40 00:03:22,099 --> 00:03:25,379 Basic immunization is 80% effective. 41 00:03:26,159 --> 00:03:28,840 It reduces the severity of disease. 42 00:03:29,719 --> 00:03:30,319 Vaccine. 43 00:03:30,639 --> 00:03:31,560 There are two types. 44 00:03:32,180 --> 00:03:33,240 The combat polio. 45 00:03:33,780 --> 00:03:36,960 Sal vaccine consists of two doses. 46 00:03:36,960 --> 00:03:41,759 It is effective in about 90% of the patients. 47 00:03:42,639 --> 00:03:48,219 Savings oral polio vaccine consists of one dose which reduces immunity. 48 00:03:48,219 --> 00:03:52,219 Its exit is higher than the 95%. 49 00:04:20,050 --> 00:04:37,529 Thank you.