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Hey everyone, and welcome to the last part of our series on nutrition.

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Time flies when you're having fun and learning about the human body, huh?

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In part 3, we talked about the respiratory system and how it connects to the circulatory system.

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We also learned exactly why our bodies need these systems and how oxygen is carried throughout our body

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by our heart, lungs, veins, arteries, and capillaries.

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We also learned about different types of blood cells and the different parts of the heart.

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Today, we're going to be learning about how our body gets rid of the unwanted waste our body produces.

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This happens through the excretory system. The excretory system also includes a little bit of

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the digestive system, so we'll be reviewing a little bit of information from part one of our

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series as well. Full circle! We'll also be learning a little bit about medicine and general health

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safety. It's important to know how our bodies use medicine and what safety measures we need

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to take to keep ourselves healthy and moving. All right, let's get to it! The excretory system gets

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rid of two types of waste, solid and liquid, and the two types of waste have their own organs to

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filter out the unnecessary substances our body shouldn't have to hold on to. Let's think back to

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the digestive system with Ms. Frizzle. Our undigested food and food waste passes through

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the small intestine, if you remember correctly. At this point, the undigested food still has a lot

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of water and nutrients inside of it. From there, the food gets transported to the large intestine,

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where most of the water is taken back into the body to be used. What remains is solid waste that

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forms lumps called feces. These pass into the rectum, where they are stored. Finally, the feces

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are expelled through the anus, and that's how solid waste is processed. But what about liquid

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waste? That's where we'll hear about some new organs today. Remember how when our blood travels

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to the body, it works to deliver oxygen and carbon dioxide. Well, blood also carries extra

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water and waste as well, but it needs to get rid of that so it can work without the extra load.

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That's where the kidneys come into play. Blood passes through the kidneys, and the kidneys work

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to filter our blood, removing extra water and waste and forming a liquid called urine. The

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urine then travels to the bladder where it's stored. Finally, the urine is expelled through

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the urethra and out of your body. Pretty straightforward stuff, huh? Our body also

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removes waste by sweating and exhaling. Sweat is made up of water and salts that are stored in

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glands in our skin and excreted through our pores. Without these pores, we wouldn't be able to control

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our body temperature, especially when we're exercising, like this frizzle. And with that,

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we just learned the entire excretory system, the last of the four systems that keeps our bodies

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working. Congrats, everyone! But we're not quite finished yet. We're also going to learn about

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advancing medicine and practices that we can use to keep our bodies healthy and operating.

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Scientists and doctors have made a lot of progress in medicine, which keeps us safe from harm.

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For example, doctors have developed antibiotics and vaccines to help our bodies fight terrible

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infections and keep us from getting them in the first place. Antibiotics are used to treat

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bacterial infections, while vaccines are used with the body's own immune system to help protect us

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from dangerous sicknesses before we even get them. There are some sicknesses like polio or

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smallpox that have become almost extinct thanks to vaccines. But what can we do every day to keep

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us from getting sick? It's as simple as one, two, three. One, wash your hands. It's recommended that

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you wash your hands with soap and warm water for at least 20 seconds. This 20 seconds with soap

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helps kill all the bad bacteria on your hands and will keep you safe from giving others your germs.

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Two, cover your mouth and nose.

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The saying, say it, don't spray it, applies here as well.

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If you need to sneeze or cough, make sure you do so in a mask or into your arm.

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That way you don't accidentally spread any germs you have to others.

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And three, keep your distance if you're sick.

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Staying home if you're not feeling well is very important.

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This helps keep the sickness you may have away from your friends and family.

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It might be sad to not see your friends for a day or two,

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but it'll be worth it knowing that you're keeping them safe.

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Alright everyone, let's do a full series recap

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We've learned so much on our nutrition journey

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And it's important we review, so we don't forget

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We started off in part 1 talking about the digestive system

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And how we use nutrients from food to fuel our bodies

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We also learned about healthy and not-so-healthy foods

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From there, we learned about the respiratory system

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And how a simple breath travels through our entire bodies

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Including our muscles

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Then, we connected the respiratory system to the circulatory system, where we learned

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that blood carries oxygen through our entire bodies, but must get that oxygen first from

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our lungs.

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The two systems are connected in a figure-eight style loop, and they both rely on one another

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to work.

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And today, we finally learned about the excretory system, and how our body gets rid of waste.

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We also learned a little bit about medicine, and what we can do to keep ourselves from

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getting sick.

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All in all, we learned that the four systems of our bodies work together to keep us healthy

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and functioning, and that our nutrition relies on active and thoughtful practice.

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Eating right and exercising regularly and keeping ourselves safe with healthy practices

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like getting your flu shot are all key components to a great nutrition.

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Well, everyone, thank you so much for watching all four parts of the series.

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It's been great learning with you all about nutrition.

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Until next time.