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hello friends welcome to new happy learning video today we're going to meet the era of castles kings

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and queens noblemen and vassals today we're going to get to know the medieval ages the medieval ages

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commenced in the year 476 with the fall of the Roman Empire and finished in 1492

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with the discovery of America. In medieval times the great territory

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dominated by the Roman Empire in Europe broke in many different ways and in many

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of them a monarchy was born which is the form of government when a king or queen

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queen is in power.

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Royalty had absolute power and received their authority because of the feudal system.

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This system was based on a pyramidal structure.

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Royals were the most powerful of all, at the very top.

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Noblemen were just under, formed by counts, dukes, barons and other gentlemen and ladies

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that controlled territories.

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These were the vassals, who worked and lived in the lands dominated by the noblemen and

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gave part of their work in exchange for protection and help.

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When they were attacked by enemies, vassals would run to the noble's castle.

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Vassals were farmers, shepherds, craftsmen and soldiers who were considered free men.

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In the lower part of the pyramid, the poor and slaves were found, who were often war

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prisoners and would do the toughest jobs in exchange for nothing.

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Christianity was the religion that dominated Europe during the medieval ages, and its power

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was tremendous.

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Only the Pope in Rome was on top of the kings.

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The Pope acted like another king.

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He controlled territories, formed alliances, and declared war.

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The most important wars were the Crusades, where European knights and their troops tried

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to dominate the sacred land, dominated by Muslims.

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Islam was the other great religion during this time, and confrontation between Muslims

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and Christians was constant.

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Although medieval times are referred to as dark times, in reality it was very different.

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In monasteries, monks conserved and developed olden times' knowledge, and the first universities

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in Europe were established during this period in history.

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The truth is that medieval ages are a fascinating era in history, don't you think?

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Goodbye happy friends, and don't forget to subscribe to Happy Learning TV!