1 00:00:02,419 --> 00:00:14,580 during the 16th century different monarchs ruled spain all of them from the austria dynasty 2 00:00:16,339 --> 00:00:26,339 when isabel first died in 154 juana first and felipe first were proclamated kings of castile 3 00:00:26,339 --> 00:00:37,340 In 1506, Felipe died and Fernando el Católico recovered the regency in Castile in the name 4 00:00:37,340 --> 00:00:44,659 of Prince Carlos, the future Carlos I of Spain and people of Germany, son of Felipe el Hermoso 5 00:00:44,659 --> 00:00:48,909 and Juana la Loca. 6 00:00:48,909 --> 00:00:54,609 Fernando el Católico imprisoned Juana because of her dementia. 7 00:00:54,609 --> 00:01:00,850 in 1516 Fernando el Catolico died and Carlos I was proclamated king of Castilla and Aragón. 8 00:01:02,130 --> 00:01:08,049 Carlos I also kept his mother imprisoned in Tardesilla. There were people who tried to 9 00:01:08,049 --> 00:01:14,209 put honor against her son to fight the throne, but she refused the proposal. 10 00:01:14,209 --> 00:01:17,790 So, first! 11 00:01:19,409 --> 00:01:22,930 Carlos I was grandson of the Catholic Monarch. 12 00:01:23,510 --> 00:01:28,769 He became king of Spain when he was 16, but he was born in Berlin. 13 00:01:32,709 --> 00:01:37,170 Carlos I inherited many territories from his maternal and parental grandparents. 14 00:01:37,390 --> 00:01:40,590 He became Carlos I of Spain and Carlos V of Germany. 15 00:01:40,890 --> 00:01:43,349 He gave the independent kingdoms and their institutions. 16 00:01:43,349 --> 00:01:50,349 When Carlos I became king of Spain, he did not know the language or customs of the country. 17 00:01:50,349 --> 00:01:58,349 He had foreign consulars who increased taxes. This caused two rebellions in 1520 in Castilla and Valencia. 18 00:01:58,349 --> 00:02:07,349 Carlos I fought against France who wanted to control the north of Italy, 19 00:02:07,349 --> 00:02:19,349 against German Protestants to defend Catholicism and Aegeanist Turks who wanted to control territories in the Mediterranean. 20 00:02:19,349 --> 00:02:34,180 In 1556 Felipe II became King of Spain and in 1561 established the capital of Spain in Madrid. 21 00:02:34,180 --> 00:02:45,210 In 1580, he became king of Portugal, joining the crown of Portugal to his territories. 22 00:02:45,789 --> 00:02:53,930 He had to rule a great empire with territories all over the world, in America, Africa and Asia. 23 00:03:03,210 --> 00:03:06,949 Felipe II continued fighting as his father did. 24 00:03:06,949 --> 00:03:16,270 The conflict with the French continued and Felipe II defeated Florence in the Battle of San Quentin. 25 00:03:19,639 --> 00:03:26,939 Fighting for the control of the Mediterranean Sea, he defeated Turks in the Battle of Lepanto. 26 00:03:30,349 --> 00:03:35,650 Felipe II fought a long war against the Netherlands, who wanted independence. 27 00:03:36,210 --> 00:03:41,009 The English supported the Netherlands in this war. 28 00:03:43,069 --> 00:03:52,389 In 1588, Felipe II tried to invade England with a fleet of ships called the Armada, but it was defeated. 29 00:03:58,409 --> 00:04:02,310 In the 16th century, Spain became the greatest world power. 30 00:04:04,030 --> 00:04:10,169 Carlos I and Felipe II ruled and empowered with territories all over the world. 31 00:04:10,430 --> 00:04:18,980 King was responsible for the army, institutions, taxes, war and peace. 32 00:04:20,000 --> 00:04:23,160 Many counselors helped the king. 33 00:04:24,680 --> 00:04:29,939 Kings had a lot of power, but there were some limitations of their power. 34 00:04:32,120 --> 00:04:38,279 There were cards in each kingdom that could accept or reject certain laws. 35 00:04:41,490 --> 00:04:46,709 Some kingdoms had justice systems to ensure the king kept the laws. 36 00:04:51,230 --> 00:04:57,730 With Felipe II, after losing against the English with the Armada, the declining began. 37 00:04:59,490 --> 00:05:02,329 Spain did not develop or prosper. 38 00:05:03,490 --> 00:05:09,189 Spain was constantly at war and this was very expensive for the crown. 39 00:05:09,189 --> 00:05:15,029 People with money didn't invest and the country didn't prosper or develop. 40 00:05:15,029 --> 00:05:22,250 There was no industry or manufacturing, so Spain didn't grow economically 41 00:05:22,250 --> 00:05:32,689 Meanwhile, the rest of European countries grew and developed, thanks to the raw materials brought by Spain 42 00:05:32,689 --> 00:05:40,220 After Felipe II, the following kings delegated their responsibilities and didn't govern 43 00:05:40,899 --> 00:05:45,519 There was a lot of corruption that didn't improve the economic situation 44 00:05:45,519 --> 00:05:49,459 In this period, there was also bad harvest.