1 00:00:00,790 --> 00:00:07,049 hello everyone we're going to work on how to tell a story and to do that we're 2 00:00:07,049 --> 00:00:14,349 going to work on the past tenses we're going to review the past tenses that we 3 00:00:14,349 --> 00:00:21,690 have already learned the past simple the past continues and the past perfect to 4 00:00:21,690 --> 00:00:27,870 do so we're going to start by reading a text that you have in your aula virtual 5 00:00:27,870 --> 00:00:37,950 there you have in the grammar section there is a file a document and it's 6 00:00:37,950 --> 00:00:45,869 called review of past of past tenses okay which is this one alright so I want 7 00:00:45,869 --> 00:00:52,829 you to take a moment well more than a moment and read this text we're going to 8 00:00:52,829 --> 00:01:02,210 talking about sports. This is related to the units 5A and 5B in your book, okay? 9 00:01:02,210 --> 00:01:08,069 So, we're going to start with this and then I will ask you to go to your book 10 00:01:08,069 --> 00:01:14,609 and do some of the exercises. So, there you have famous cheating moments in 11 00:01:14,609 --> 00:01:23,670 sport cheating you can cheat in sports and also you can cheat in an exam some 12 00:01:23,670 --> 00:01:33,030 of you well some of you may have used cheating sheets to have a perfect exam 13 00:01:33,030 --> 00:01:40,409 now when you wrote the answers and use them and of course you were not allowed 14 00:01:40,409 --> 00:01:45,510 that's a lovely passive for you you are not allowed to have them who are doing 15 00:01:45,510 --> 00:01:52,290 or taking the exams so there you have in which sports are there most cases of 16 00:01:52,290 --> 00:01:59,750 cheating how do people cheat in these sports okay so I'm going to give you 17 00:01:59,750 --> 00:02:07,590 five ten minutes to read the text and then I will ask you to do something else 18 00:02:07,590 --> 00:02:12,590 Okay, so stop the video and read the text. 19 00:02:12,590 --> 00:02:16,590 Okay, let's see. First, we've got football. 20 00:02:16,590 --> 00:02:24,590 Argentina were playing England in the quarterfinals of the 1986 World Cup in Mexico. 21 00:02:24,590 --> 00:02:31,590 In the 52nd minute, the Argentinian captain Diego Maradona scored a goal. 22 00:02:31,590 --> 00:02:36,590 The English players protested, but the referee gave the goal. 23 00:02:36,590 --> 00:02:45,710 goal. However, TV cameras showed that Maradona had scored the goal with his hand. Maradona said 24 00:02:45,710 --> 00:02:53,969 the next day, it was partly the hand of Maradona and partly the hand of God. Later in the game, 25 00:02:53,969 --> 00:03:01,830 Maradona scored another goal and Argentina won 2-1. They went on to win the World Cup. 26 00:03:01,830 --> 00:03:19,719 athletics fred lortz from new york won the marathon at the st louis olympic games in nineteen o four he finished the race in three hours thirteen minutes 27 00:03:19,719 --> 00:03:37,099 after the race fred was waiting to get his medal and the spectators were cheering him loudly alice roosevelt the daughter of the u s president was in the crowd and some journalists took a photo of fred with her 28 00:03:37,099 --> 00:03:54,340 but then suddenly somebody started shouting cheat and soon everybody was shouting the same thing it was true fred had traveled eighteen of the forty-two kilometers in a friend's car 29 00:03:54,340 --> 00:03:59,039 Fred didn't win the gold medal, and he was banned from athletics. 30 00:04:01,900 --> 00:04:03,240 And then you have fencing. 31 00:04:04,819 --> 00:04:09,000 Boris Onishenko, an army officer from the Soviet Union, 32 00:04:09,479 --> 00:04:16,759 was competing against Jim Fox from Britain in the 1976 Montreal Olympics. 33 00:04:18,000 --> 00:04:23,939 Boris was winning, and the electronic scoreboard was showing hit after hit for him. 34 00:04:23,939 --> 00:04:33,939 Jim Fox protested to the referee. Fox said that Boris was scoring points without hitting him. 35 00:04:33,939 --> 00:04:41,939 Olympic officials examined Boris' sword and they made a shocking discovery. 36 00:04:41,939 --> 00:04:47,939 Boris had changed the electronic part of his sword. 37 00:04:47,939 --> 00:04:58,980 He could turn on the hit light on the scoreboard even when he hadn't hit Fox. 38 00:04:59,160 --> 00:04:59,959 Fox is the guy. 39 00:05:00,620 --> 00:05:03,420 Boris went home in disgrace the next day. 40 00:05:04,100 --> 00:05:08,639 The British newspapers called him Dishunoshenko. 41 00:05:09,639 --> 00:05:09,920 Okay. 42 00:05:09,920 --> 00:05:18,600 Now, first, let me draw your attention to what we've been doing last week, 43 00:05:18,800 --> 00:05:27,800 working on how to pronounce the past of the regular tenses, okay? 44 00:05:27,800 --> 00:05:47,000 so you have protested scored you also have for example let me check finished 45 00:05:47,000 --> 00:06:03,490 you have started and you have I think I've seen showed change it okay so 46 00:06:03,490 --> 00:06:15,670 So, remember, D when the past participle finished in a voiced consonant, like scored, showed. 47 00:06:17,009 --> 00:06:18,029 Well, showed is here. 48 00:06:18,910 --> 00:06:19,910 Showed. 49 00:06:21,370 --> 00:06:27,490 T when it finishes in a voiceless consonant. 50 00:06:27,990 --> 00:06:28,449 Finished. 51 00:06:29,470 --> 00:06:30,029 Finished. 52 00:06:30,029 --> 00:06:44,709 and ed when it finishes in T or D started okay so if you look at the highlighted verbs we're 53 00:06:44,709 --> 00:06:57,379 using the past tenses we're playing protested and had scored so which of these three sentences we 54 00:06:57,379 --> 00:07:06,339 use for completed actions in the past okay for completed actions in the past 55 00:07:06,339 --> 00:07:18,500 we use the past simple protested started for actions in progress at a particular 56 00:07:18,500 --> 00:07:29,060 moment in the past we use the past continues we're playing we're cheering 57 00:07:29,060 --> 00:07:37,939 and an action that happened before the pastime that we are talking about that 58 00:07:37,939 --> 00:07:47,980 is the very first action that happened Maradona had scored okay you have more 59 00:07:47,980 --> 00:08:02,360 hadn't hit Fox Fred had traveled okay so we are using the past tenses to tell a 60 00:08:02,360 --> 00:08:12,319 a story in the past okay so now I want you to look at this part of the text 61 00:08:12,319 --> 00:08:22,720 this I'm going to stop the video and you're going to tell the story using the 62 00:08:22,720 --> 00:08:32,279 correct tenses okay the text one about England and Argentina text two and text 63 00:08:32,279 --> 00:08:41,639 three okay all right i'm going to stop right you should have come with something like in text one 64 00:08:43,080 --> 00:08:53,879 england were playing argentina and maradona scored a goal the english players protested but the 65 00:08:53,879 --> 00:09:04,980 referee gave the goal TV cameras showed that Maradona had scored the goal with 66 00:09:04,980 --> 00:09:11,820 his hand that is England were playing Maradona scored English playing players 67 00:09:11,820 --> 00:09:22,379 protested all those in the past simple sorry scored protested and gave England 68 00:09:22,379 --> 00:09:30,740 were playing, okay? And TV cameras showed that Maradona had scored because the action of scoring 69 00:09:30,740 --> 00:09:38,860 the goal was before everything else happened. The second, you should have something like 70 00:09:38,860 --> 00:09:49,700 Fred Lord won the marathon in 1904. He was waiting to get his medal and the spectators 71 00:09:49,700 --> 00:10:04,899 were cheering. Everybody started shouting, cheat! Fred had travelled 18 kilometres by 72 00:10:04,899 --> 00:10:21,379 car. And finally Boris Onishchenko was competing against Jane Fox. Boris won but Jane Fox protested. 73 00:10:21,379 --> 00:10:32,519 The Olympic officials examined Boris' sword and they discovered that he had changed the 74 00:10:32,519 --> 00:10:35,919 electronic part of his sword. 75 00:10:35,919 --> 00:10:37,139 OK? 76 00:10:37,139 --> 00:10:47,399 Now you may go to your book and start working on the vocabulary on sports.