0 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:10,000 The next few minutes, we're going to talk about everything in the world. 1 00:00:10,000 --> 00:00:14,000 That's because we're talking about...wait for it... 2 00:00:14,000 --> 00:00:19,000 Geography! 3 00:00:19,000 --> 00:00:22,000 Geography is what we call the study of the world. 4 00:00:22,000 --> 00:00:28,000 Though, in ancient Greece 2,000 years ago, they just started calling it Geographia, 5 00:00:28,000 --> 00:00:32,000 which means the same thing but is much easier to say. 6 00:00:32,000 --> 00:00:35,000 So we borrow the word from those first Greek world lovers. 7 00:00:35,000 --> 00:00:37,000 They won't mind. They're dead now. 8 00:00:37,000 --> 00:00:42,000 To understand why they use this name, you have to either speak Greek or be smart. 9 00:00:42,000 --> 00:00:44,000 Or both. 10 00:00:44,000 --> 00:00:47,000 Let's break this word apart and see what we can learn. 11 00:00:47,000 --> 00:00:50,000 This first part is Geo. 12 00:00:50,000 --> 00:00:55,000 In Greek, Geo is a root word that refers to the world or the Earth. 13 00:00:55,000 --> 00:00:57,000 That's easy enough, right? 14 00:00:57,000 --> 00:01:00,000 The other half is just a tad trickier. 15 00:01:00,000 --> 00:01:06,000 The suffix word graphi is a more modern English twist on the original Greek and Latin graphia. 16 00:01:06,000 --> 00:01:09,000 And it kind of sounds like a word we use in English today. 17 00:01:09,000 --> 00:01:11,000 Graph. 18 00:01:11,000 --> 00:01:14,000 A graph is something we use to help describe or... 19 00:01:14,000 --> 00:01:17,000 No, not giraffe. I said graph. 20 00:01:17,000 --> 00:01:20,000 Someone get that giraffe out of here! 21 00:01:20,000 --> 00:01:25,000 A graph is something we use to help describe or show an idea or information. 22 00:01:25,000 --> 00:01:29,000 A graph can be pictures or data on a table or a chart. 23 00:01:29,000 --> 00:01:32,000 Graphi means writing about something. 24 00:01:32,000 --> 00:01:36,000 Describing something, showing something, or demonstrating something. 25 00:01:36,000 --> 00:01:41,000 Today, we use a dump load of words that use the suffix graphi. 26 00:01:41,000 --> 00:01:43,000 Photography, for instance. 27 00:01:43,000 --> 00:01:44,000 Photo. 28 00:01:44,000 --> 00:01:45,000 Graphi. 29 00:01:45,000 --> 00:01:50,000 It includes the Greek word photo, which means light, followed by graphi. 30 00:01:50,000 --> 00:01:53,000 So your photographs are like light graphs. 31 00:01:53,000 --> 00:01:55,000 Pictures of light, I guess. 32 00:01:55,000 --> 00:01:57,000 What else is there? 33 00:01:57,000 --> 00:01:59,000 There's choreography. 34 00:02:07,000 --> 00:02:09,000 Cinematography. 35 00:02:13,000 --> 00:02:15,000 Oceanography. 36 00:02:19,000 --> 00:02:21,000 Biography. 37 00:02:24,000 --> 00:02:26,000 Calligraphy. 38 00:02:30,000 --> 00:02:32,000 Cartography. 39 00:02:35,000 --> 00:02:37,000 Anyway, you get the point. 40 00:02:37,000 --> 00:02:41,000 I bet you could take any of these words and chop them in two. 41 00:02:41,000 --> 00:02:47,000 Then you could look up the Greek translation and figure out what the Greeks meant when they were handing out names. 42 00:02:47,000 --> 00:02:55,000 Based on these definitions, this means geography is a science that seeks to help describe or show the world. 43 00:02:55,000 --> 00:03:00,000 Geography has so many different elements, and it can be difficult to keep them all straight. 44 00:03:00,000 --> 00:03:08,000 In general, however, it's safe to put most of the elements of geography into one of two distinct categories. 45 00:03:08,000 --> 00:03:11,000 Physical geography and human geography. 46 00:03:11,000 --> 00:03:19,000 Or, if we want to keep with our fancy Greek theme, we can say physiography and anthropogeography. 47 00:03:19,000 --> 00:03:24,000 Actually, on second thought, those are pretty tough words. 48 00:03:24,000 --> 00:03:27,000 Let's just stick with physical and human geography. 49 00:03:27,000 --> 00:03:31,000 First, let's talk about physical geography. 50 00:03:31,000 --> 00:03:36,000 Unsurprisingly, physical geography deals with the physical aspects of the earth. 51 00:03:36,000 --> 00:03:41,000 You know, things like rivers, lakes, hills, and valleys. 52 00:03:43,000 --> 00:03:49,000 Everything from the mountains to the prairies to the oceans white with foam. 53 00:03:49,000 --> 00:03:52,000 God bless physical geography. 54 00:03:52,000 --> 00:03:56,000 It describes our home, sweet home. 55 00:03:56,000 --> 00:04:00,000 There are several different subcategories of physical geography. 56 00:04:00,000 --> 00:04:06,000 Some of the more well-known parts include hydrology, which is the study of water in our earth cycle, 57 00:04:06,000 --> 00:04:10,000 or climatology, which is the study of the earth's climate. 58 00:04:10,000 --> 00:04:16,000 We'll look more closely at some of these elements of physical geography in the future. 59 00:04:16,000 --> 00:04:20,000 For now, just assume that if it's part of physical earth, 60 00:04:20,000 --> 00:04:26,000 then there's probably a Greek word that describes the study of that thing. 61 00:04:26,000 --> 00:04:31,000 Human geography, on the other hand, focuses primarily on studying societies, 62 00:04:31,000 --> 00:04:36,000 or groups of people, and relationships between people in those groups. 63 00:04:36,000 --> 00:04:41,000 Essentially, it's anything that has to do with people who live on this planet. 64 00:04:41,000 --> 00:04:43,000 People, not giraffes. 65 00:04:43,000 --> 00:04:46,000 It includes the study of different human cultures, 66 00:04:46,000 --> 00:04:51,000 the study of the economy, history, political science, and more. 67 00:04:51,000 --> 00:04:56,000 If it has to do with describing humans who live on the earth, where they live, 68 00:04:56,000 --> 00:05:01,000 or how they interact with each other, then it's likely part of human geography. 69 00:05:01,000 --> 00:05:04,000 Now, if you really want to understand this world, 70 00:05:04,000 --> 00:05:07,000 you have to look at both physical and human geography. 71 00:05:07,000 --> 00:05:13,000 All of human history has literally involved human beings, like us, being on this planet, 72 00:05:13,000 --> 00:05:16,000 except for like 500 astronauts. 73 00:05:16,000 --> 00:05:20,000 Everything that we do is tied in some way to the natural world we're living in. 74 00:05:20,000 --> 00:05:24,000 Governments are based on political control over sections of the land. 75 00:05:24,000 --> 00:05:29,000 Economies are based on natural resources available in particular areas. 76 00:05:29,000 --> 00:05:33,000 Populations grow in areas with access to certain nice features, 77 00:05:33,000 --> 00:05:38,000 like water and fertile soil to grow food, and animals who are less likely to eat you. 78 00:05:38,000 --> 00:05:43,000 Like my hippie grandma always says, we're all connected, man. 79 00:05:44,000 --> 00:05:48,000 Because of this, many geographies use a term 80 00:05:48,000 --> 00:05:53,000 that looks at both physical and human geography at the same time. 81 00:05:53,000 --> 00:05:56,000 They call it integrated geography. 82 00:05:56,000 --> 00:06:00,000 Integrated geography always considers the relationship 83 00:06:00,000 --> 00:06:03,000 between the planet and the humans who live on it. 84 00:06:03,000 --> 00:06:08,000 It shows how our physical planet has a strong influence on humans, 85 00:06:08,000 --> 00:06:13,000 and at the same time, how we humans have a strong influence on our physical planet. 86 00:06:13,000 --> 00:06:17,000 Don't forget, we're all connected, man. 87 00:06:28,000 --> 00:06:34,000 You might not realize it yet, but it's super important to study and understand geography. 88 00:06:34,000 --> 00:06:40,000 Understanding different parts of geography gives us something called global awareness. 89 00:06:40,000 --> 00:06:46,000 Global awareness is critical to the success of people and communities in the world we live in today. 90 00:06:46,000 --> 00:06:52,000 By studying geography, you're able to do useful things, like locate where places are on a map. 91 00:06:54,000 --> 00:06:57,000 By studying geography, you'll know how to identify 92 00:06:57,000 --> 00:07:01,000 the different people, places, countries, and cultures of the world. 93 00:07:01,000 --> 00:07:07,000 Then, when you hear about something that's happening in some faraway land, 94 00:07:07,000 --> 00:07:11,000 you won't feel stupid because you actually understand what's happening, 95 00:07:11,000 --> 00:07:14,000 and you can be connected to the world. 96 00:07:14,000 --> 00:07:18,000 By studying geography, we become more useful 97 00:07:18,000 --> 00:07:22,000 and better contribute to the progress of mankind and planet Earth. 98 00:07:22,000 --> 00:07:24,000 So join us on our journey of geography. 99 00:07:24,000 --> 00:07:27,000 I promise, you won't regret it. 100 00:07:32,000 --> 00:07:36,000 Thanks so much for watching. I'm Jenny from Engage Global Storytelling. 101 00:07:36,000 --> 00:07:40,000 Keep coming back each week to see what else we have in store for you to help you learn about geography.