1 00:00:00,620 --> 00:00:03,799 Basic English Grammar, Lesson 3 2 00:00:03,799 --> 00:00:08,650 Topic, The Simple Past Tense 3 00:00:08,650 --> 00:00:15,810 In Part 3, we'll review what we've learned so far, and then we'll practice forming questions. 4 00:00:17,109 --> 00:00:18,750 Do you like to snack? 5 00:00:19,469 --> 00:00:22,829 My favorite time of the day to snack is late at night. 6 00:00:23,510 --> 00:00:26,870 Sometimes I eat more for a snack than I do for dinner. 7 00:00:27,510 --> 00:00:30,089 Two nights ago, I made some brownies. 8 00:00:32,640 --> 00:00:34,979 Brownies are a kind of chocolate cake. 9 00:00:36,420 --> 00:00:38,079 Half is already gone. 10 00:00:38,840 --> 00:00:41,140 I ate most of this by myself. 11 00:00:45,090 --> 00:00:49,509 Last night, I also had a snack, but I didn't eat something sweet. 12 00:00:50,189 --> 00:00:51,710 Let me show you what I did. 13 00:00:53,539 --> 00:00:56,899 Did you pay attention to the verbs in the simple past tense? 14 00:00:57,399 --> 00:00:58,640 Here they are again. 15 00:00:59,119 --> 00:01:01,060 I made some brownies. 16 00:01:01,740 --> 00:01:03,920 I ate most of this by myself. 17 00:01:03,920 --> 00:01:07,200 Last night I also had a snack 18 00:01:07,200 --> 00:01:10,239 I didn't eat something sweet 19 00:01:10,239 --> 00:01:13,000 Let me show you what I did 20 00:01:13,000 --> 00:01:18,629 Okay, now I will show you what I did 21 00:01:18,629 --> 00:01:25,760 As you watch the video, let's practice forming the simple past tense 22 00:01:25,760 --> 00:01:29,500 We'll practice with regular and irregular verbs 23 00:01:29,500 --> 00:01:31,299 Example 24 00:01:31,299 --> 00:01:33,459 You'll see a statement like this 25 00:01:33,459 --> 00:01:36,060 And the verb will be in the base form 26 00:01:36,060 --> 00:01:38,439 You put it in the simple past. 27 00:01:40,890 --> 00:01:41,670 The answer here? 28 00:01:42,370 --> 00:01:44,310 Jennifer cooked last night. 29 00:02:06,290 --> 00:02:12,430 1. Jennifer got eggs and butter from the refrigerator. 30 00:02:14,210 --> 00:02:20,530 2. She heated up the pan. 31 00:02:46,099 --> 00:02:54,120 3. Jennifer sliced a piece of butter and put it in the pan. 32 00:02:55,759 --> 00:03:01,030 4. She opened the egg carton. 33 00:03:01,030 --> 00:03:26,280 5. Jennifer waited for the butter to melt. 34 00:03:28,479 --> 00:03:35,680 6. Then she took out one egg and cracked it open. 35 00:03:50,020 --> 00:03:55,219 7. Jennifer threw away the eggshell. 36 00:03:56,340 --> 00:04:01,520 8. The egg began to fry. 37 00:04:45,970 --> 00:04:52,850 9. Jennifer flipped the egg and fried the other side. 38 00:04:52,850 --> 00:05:02,660 10. Finally, she placed the egg on a plate and ate it. 39 00:05:05,589 --> 00:05:11,529 In previous lessons, we focused a lot on recognizing and understanding the simple past tense. 40 00:05:12,129 --> 00:05:16,449 Now, we're really going to focus on using the simple past tense. 41 00:05:17,310 --> 00:05:19,829 Let's begin with asking questions. 42 00:05:21,569 --> 00:05:25,350 Forming questions. Do you know these question words? 43 00:05:25,350 --> 00:05:49,449 We use who to ask about people, what for things, when for time, where for places, why for reasons, how for manners, which to identify one thing or a group of things, and whose to ask about possession. 44 00:05:49,449 --> 00:05:55,750 Let's first look at WH questions, information questions. 45 00:05:56,410 --> 00:05:59,009 These are questions that ask for specific information. 46 00:05:59,889 --> 00:06:03,050 Our model question is, What did Jennifer eat? 47 00:06:03,750 --> 00:06:06,949 The structure is question word, what, 48 00:06:07,569 --> 00:06:11,490 helping verb, did, it signals the simple past tense, 49 00:06:12,230 --> 00:06:13,850 subject, Jennifer, 50 00:06:13,850 --> 00:06:18,730 and our main verb always takes the form of a base verb. 51 00:06:19,449 --> 00:06:23,269 Again, our model question is, What did Jennifer eat? 52 00:06:24,529 --> 00:06:27,269 The answer is, She ate an egg. 53 00:06:27,790 --> 00:06:33,449 We used what as our question word because we were asking about the thing that she ate. 54 00:06:34,790 --> 00:06:37,069 Let's try forming questions together. 55 00:06:37,350 --> 00:06:38,550 Number one. 56 00:06:39,410 --> 00:06:42,230 The answer is, Jennifer had a snack last night. 57 00:06:43,189 --> 00:06:47,930 We're asking a question about time, so our question word is when. 58 00:06:47,930 --> 00:06:51,910 Helping verb did, subject Jennifer 59 00:06:51,910 --> 00:06:55,329 Base verb of had is have 60 00:06:55,329 --> 00:06:59,290 So the question is, when did Jennifer have a snack? 61 00:07:00,470 --> 00:07:04,110 2. The answer is Jennifer ate in the kitchen 62 00:07:04,110 --> 00:07:06,389 We're asking about a place 63 00:07:06,389 --> 00:07:08,689 Our question word is where 64 00:07:08,689 --> 00:07:12,990 Helping verb did, subject Jennifer 65 00:07:12,990 --> 00:07:15,990 Base verb, eat 66 00:07:15,990 --> 00:07:18,670 Where did Jennifer eat? 67 00:07:19,689 --> 00:07:20,750 Question 3 68 00:07:20,750 --> 00:07:25,629 If the answer is Jennifer fried an egg because she was hungry, 69 00:07:26,350 --> 00:07:27,889 what's the question word? 70 00:07:28,930 --> 00:07:32,589 We're asking about a reason, so the question word is why. 71 00:07:33,589 --> 00:07:38,389 Helping verb did, subject Jennifer, base verb fry. 72 00:07:38,389 --> 00:07:40,889 Why did Jennifer fry an egg? 73 00:07:42,970 --> 00:07:43,990 Exercise 1 74 00:07:43,990 --> 00:07:46,569 Complete and then answer the questions. 75 00:07:47,230 --> 00:07:51,290 I'll give you a moment so that you can practice forming the questions on your own. 76 00:07:51,990 --> 00:07:55,050 Then, if you're studying by yourself, write the answers down. 77 00:07:55,529 --> 00:07:59,189 If you're studying with a partner, take turns asking the questions. 78 00:08:00,189 --> 00:08:05,860 1. When did you eat dinner yesterday? 79 00:08:07,519 --> 00:08:12,910 2. What did you have for dinner? 80 00:08:15,550 --> 00:08:21,170 3. What time did you go to sleep last night? 81 00:08:23,009 --> 00:08:24,910 Now number four is a little different. 82 00:08:25,410 --> 00:08:28,389 I'd like you to make this question without a question word. 83 00:08:29,170 --> 00:08:29,870 Can you do it? 84 00:08:31,149 --> 00:08:32,190 The question is, 85 00:08:32,730 --> 00:08:34,629 Did you have a snack before bedtime? 86 00:08:36,549 --> 00:08:40,669 This question is a little different because it's a yes-no question. 87 00:08:41,909 --> 00:08:45,950 Questions that take a yes or no answer do not use a question word, 88 00:08:45,950 --> 00:08:48,909 such as what, where, why, etc. 89 00:08:49,789 --> 00:08:52,909 In the previous exercise, we saw this question. 90 00:08:53,009 --> 00:08:55,509 Did you have a snack before bedtime? 91 00:08:56,629 --> 00:08:58,169 Let's look at the structure. 92 00:08:59,269 --> 00:09:03,230 It's did plus the subject plus the base verb. 93 00:09:04,230 --> 00:09:06,070 Did you have a snack before bedtime? 94 00:09:08,750 --> 00:09:11,889 We often give short answers to yes-no questions. 95 00:09:12,409 --> 00:09:15,309 For example, did you have a snack last night? 96 00:09:15,950 --> 00:09:18,610 Yes, I did. Or, no, I didn't. 97 00:09:19,389 --> 00:09:20,870 Note the full forms. 98 00:09:21,549 --> 00:09:23,470 Yes, I had a snack last night. 99 00:09:24,149 --> 00:09:26,590 No, I didn't have a snack last night. 100 00:09:28,429 --> 00:09:29,669 Exercise 2. 101 00:09:30,149 --> 00:09:31,289 Find the mistakes. 102 00:09:31,970 --> 00:09:32,610 Example. 103 00:09:33,269 --> 00:09:34,210 Did you cook dinner? 104 00:09:34,889 --> 00:09:35,830 No, not cooked. 105 00:09:36,870 --> 00:09:38,090 The mistake? 106 00:09:38,389 --> 00:09:39,250 Not cooked. 107 00:09:39,750 --> 00:09:40,490 The correction? 108 00:09:41,330 --> 00:09:42,669 No, I didn't cook. 109 00:09:44,899 --> 00:09:45,279 1. 110 00:09:45,279 --> 00:09:47,919 Did you have dinner with your family? 111 00:09:48,820 --> 00:09:49,700 Yes, I had. 112 00:09:50,600 --> 00:09:51,419 The mistake? 113 00:09:52,039 --> 00:09:53,120 I had. 114 00:09:53,799 --> 00:09:54,600 The correction? 115 00:09:55,100 --> 00:09:58,120 I did. Yes, I did. 116 00:09:58,899 --> 00:10:01,500 2. Where you ate dinner last night? 117 00:10:01,980 --> 00:10:03,340 We ate in the dining room. 118 00:10:04,259 --> 00:10:04,980 The mistake? 119 00:10:07,220 --> 00:10:08,039 Where you ate. 120 00:10:08,779 --> 00:10:09,379 Correction? 121 00:10:10,860 --> 00:10:12,320 Where did you eat? 122 00:10:12,779 --> 00:10:14,740 Where did you eat dinner last night? 123 00:10:17,179 --> 00:10:20,580 3. Why you did eat in the dining room? 124 00:10:21,200 --> 00:10:22,519 It was a special dinner. 125 00:10:22,919 --> 00:10:24,299 It was my father's birthday. 126 00:10:25,379 --> 00:10:25,980 Mistake? 127 00:10:25,980 --> 00:10:28,700 Why you did eat 128 00:10:28,700 --> 00:10:30,179 Correction 129 00:10:30,179 --> 00:10:32,399 Why did you eat 130 00:10:32,399 --> 00:10:34,700 Why did you eat in the dining room 131 00:10:34,700 --> 00:10:38,639 4. What did you made 132 00:10:38,639 --> 00:10:40,639 We made my father's favorite 133 00:10:40,639 --> 00:10:42,879 Broiled fish and baked potato 134 00:10:42,879 --> 00:10:44,539 Mistake 135 00:10:44,539 --> 00:10:46,279 Made 136 00:10:46,279 --> 00:10:47,559 Correction 137 00:10:47,559 --> 00:10:48,600 Make 138 00:10:48,600 --> 00:10:50,240 What did you make 139 00:10:50,240 --> 00:10:53,139 End of Part 3 140 00:10:53,139 --> 00:10:55,960 Please go on to the next part of this lesson. 141 00:10:55,980 --> 00:10:56,600 Okay.