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Let's continue with the second video about the secondary sector, that is going to be about the different types of industries.

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Normally, we can differentiate, depending on the activity or the type of materials they move, in two types of industries, the heavy industries and the light industries.

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But normally, the heavy industries are also called base industries, industrias de base.

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They are the ones that are going to make the first transformation to the raw materials

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and they are not going to make finished products.

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They will make semi-finished products that will be transformed in the capital goods industries

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and the consumer goods industries.

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The second type is the capital goods industries or industrias de bienes de equipo

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that are going to make products that are part of the technological capital of other industries

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for example for construction mechanics airplanes etc and finally we have the light industries

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like industries de bienes de consumo or consumer goods industries that are going to make finished

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products that are going to be sold directly to the consumers for example electronic devices

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toys, food, etc. All of this is an industrial process and the first thing that we have to do

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is to take the raw materials and the sources of energy and then these raw materials are transformed

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into finished or semi-finished products. It depends on the type of industry. If it is like the industry

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it goes directly to the consumer but in the case of the heavy industry we are going to have a first

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transformation in the base industries and then the semi-finished products are transformed in the

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capital goods industries and consumer goods industries. Finally the product is sold in the

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market. Here you have some of the characteristics of the base industries but for your information

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the most important thing is we need a lot of investment se necesita mucho dinero para

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fabricar la infraestructura they are very polluting and they need large spaces because

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they occupy a lot of space some examples are the steel and iron industry la industria del acero

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por ejemplo necesita mucho espacio the capital goods industries as i told you is going to provide

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with the technology and the capital for other industries most of it is concentrated in the

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developed regions in the united states the european union russia and japan and this is

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why these countries are the most powerful industrial countries of the world because if

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they have the capital they control also the base industries and the consumer goods industries

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For example, algunos ejemplos, materiales de construcción, maquinaria agrícola, material para transporte, por ejemplo, aviones o barcos, la tecnología aeroespacial, etc.

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Finally, the consumer goods industries are not consuming so much materials and energy

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as the other ones, they pollute less, but normally they have a problem, they have to

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be near cities because they have to sell directly to the consumer.

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Some examples, the food industry, the automobile industry, the light chemical industry that

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that is the one that makes cosmetics, for example, or bleach, lejía.

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The electronics industry, la de los teléfonos móviles, por ejemplo.

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And the textile industry.

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Normally in class we classify the industry watching some pictures,

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but you're going to have this in the exercises, okay?

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And finally, we have to see the different types of company.

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They are divided depending on the size and the ownership.

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the size is very simple if the company has less than 50 workers is small if it has more than 250

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workers is a large company en españa además tenemos compa empresas que son de menos de 10

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trabajadores que son la mayoría y las llamamos pymes pequeñas y medianas empresas las pequeñas

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son de menos de 10 las medianas hasta llegarían más o menos hasta 50 200 de más de 200 trabajadores

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But in Spain, in 2009, there were only 0.6% of companies.

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Depending on the ownership, if all the capital belongs to the government, to the state, it's a public company.

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If the capital belongs to an individual, that is, if it belongs only to one person, it's private.

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And if the capital is divided in shares, it will be private but collective.

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You have heard probably about these companies that are divided among a lot of owners.

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This is because parts of the capital of the company, portions, are shared between these people.

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Es decir, las acciones son porciones del capital de una empresa,

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que normalmente se venden en la bolsa, in the stock exchange.

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okay finally as some companies can integrate making different types of

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agreements and I'm not going to explain them this year because normally they are

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explaining history in fourth grade but for you to know there are three types

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the cartel the trust and the holding and these companies get together to create a

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monopoly, un monopolio, basically is to have a lot of economic power and

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eliminate the competence, okay? Well, if you have questions about this you can

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write me in Aula Virtual and you can start making the questions about this

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video. Bye!