1
00:00:01,199 --> 00:00:06,919
So finally to end with the economy in the 18th century we are going to talk about the crop work and the manufacture

2
00:00:07,080 --> 00:00:14,179
Okay, so it means the industrial production. Okay, the different manufactured products are how they are going to be produced. Okay

3
00:00:15,019 --> 00:00:18,440
So the important thing is related to this. Okay, and

4
00:00:19,320 --> 00:00:23,300
We are going to see that this production this manufacturer production

5
00:00:23,839 --> 00:00:29,059
Is going to be characterized by or is going to have some characteristics and these characteristics

6
00:00:29,059 --> 00:00:34,740
Characteristics came from the Middle Ages. Okay, so not that much evolution

7
00:00:35,619 --> 00:00:43,240
With regard to the manufactured production at least until the 18th century. We are going to see some innovations in the 18th century

8
00:00:44,119 --> 00:00:46,299
Related to the bourgeoisie, of course

9
00:00:46,560 --> 00:00:52,240
So the important thing is or the important characteristic is that this production these manufacturers

10
00:00:52,340 --> 00:00:57,759
Okay, these products are going to be produced by guilds. Okay. What is a guild?

11
00:00:57,759 --> 00:01:04,840
a guild is an association of artisans remember the artisan is the person that

12
00:01:04,840 --> 00:01:09,980
is going to produce these manufactured products okay so the guild is the

13
00:01:09,980 --> 00:01:15,319
association of these people of these artisans okay and these guilds these

14
00:01:15,319 --> 00:01:20,879
associations are going to establish the prices the quality and the number of

15
00:01:20,879 --> 00:01:26,200
products that they are going to be produced by the artisans or by the

16
00:01:26,200 --> 00:01:32,200
the workshops a workshop is a tallier tallier tallier de producción okay so the idea is

17
00:01:33,719 --> 00:01:39,640
these artisans are going to be organizing guilds okay these guilds these associations are going

18
00:01:39,640 --> 00:01:44,920
to set the prices the quality and the number of products nowadays there are no guilds okay

19
00:01:44,920 --> 00:01:49,159
they are not associations that they are going to set the prices the quality and the number of

20
00:01:49,159 --> 00:01:55,640
products to produce each company produces as much as they want they set the prices and they set the

21
00:01:55,640 --> 00:02:02,760
quality okay so you know if you depending on where you are going to buy the product

22
00:02:02,760 --> 00:02:08,599
you know that that product is going to be more expensive or cheaper but also the quality is

23
00:02:08,599 --> 00:02:16,039
going to be higher or lower okay so the idea is in this moment we have no different companies

24
00:02:16,039 --> 00:02:23,639
producing different products what we have is artisans controlling workshops and these artisans

25
00:02:23,639 --> 00:02:30,360
associated in guilds in order to produce to produce the different manufactured products

26
00:02:30,919 --> 00:02:39,159
setting the prices the quality and the number of products so important these guilds okay well this

27
00:02:39,159 --> 00:02:45,319
is a mistake should be these with two e's okay i will change it in the powerpoint for you so these

28
00:02:45,319 --> 00:02:50,360
guilds where this association of small workshops okay and in this workshop what we are going to

29
00:02:50,360 --> 00:02:55,280
to find is the master the person that has all the knowledge and he can give

30
00:02:55,280 --> 00:02:59,719
the best quality to the products the officials that they have enough

31
00:02:59,719 --> 00:03:03,740
knowledge in order to produce a table or whatever but they cannot give the

32
00:03:03,740 --> 00:03:08,620
highest quality to the product and finally the apprentices the ones that

33
00:03:08,620 --> 00:03:13,819
they are learning how to produce the product in the workshop this is a

34
00:03:13,819 --> 00:03:18,680
workshop okay so in this workshop for example they are producing tunnels okay

35
00:03:20,360 --> 00:03:27,039
And what you see is here. We are going to have the apprentice. We are going to have the official and the master

36
00:03:27,039 --> 00:03:31,800
Okay, the apprentice is learning from the master and also learning from the official

37
00:03:31,939 --> 00:03:36,580
Okay, and the official is the one that is giving the highest quality to the

38
00:03:37,460 --> 00:03:43,180
Finnish food. Okay, and the population goes inside this workshop

39
00:03:43,180 --> 00:03:45,819
Okay in order to buy the product

40
00:03:45,819 --> 00:03:53,819
Here is a real image, where you can see the different artisans producing the products

41
00:03:53,819 --> 00:04:00,819
And of course we cannot see who is the master and who is in this case the apprentice or the official

42
00:04:00,819 --> 00:04:09,819
So this is the basic economic unit, it means this is the organization, the guilds in order to produce the manufactured products

43
00:04:09,819 --> 00:04:20,360
Remember, the merchants are selling these manufactured products in America, in Europe

44
00:04:20,360 --> 00:04:24,060
we are going to find these guilds producing the manufactured products and the merchants

45
00:04:24,060 --> 00:04:28,759
are going to sell these manufactured products in America, in order to obtain what?

46
00:04:28,759 --> 00:04:34,699
The raw materials to sell it to the guilds in order to keep producing the manufactured

47
00:04:34,699 --> 00:04:38,339
products.

48
00:04:38,339 --> 00:04:43,220
So the thing is, in the 18th century we are going to see some changes, and these changes

49
00:04:43,220 --> 00:04:48,459
are going to be related, or they are going to be close to the agricultural ones.

50
00:04:48,459 --> 00:04:52,860
Remember, the bourgeoisie is going to appear, the bourgeoisie wants to make money, so the

51
00:04:52,860 --> 00:04:57,800
bourgeoisie is going to introduce some changes in these guilds.

52
00:04:57,800 --> 00:04:58,800
What is going to happen?

53
00:04:58,800 --> 00:05:07,360
The bourgeoisie has money, they are merchant, they are rich, they are not privileged but

54
00:05:07,360 --> 00:05:11,459
they are rich so what they are going to do is to build big workshops like

55
00:05:11,459 --> 00:05:17,860
factories okay and they are going to pay a salary to people in order to work in

56
00:05:17,860 --> 00:05:23,560
the big workshops so the difference is in a small workshop we have a master an

57
00:05:23,560 --> 00:05:28,899
official an apprentice they produce a certain amount of products but in a big

58
00:05:28,899 --> 00:05:35,139
workshop what we have is people that is going to be paid by the by the bourgeois

59
00:05:35,139 --> 00:05:41,860
and these people are going to start producing a lot so if you produce a lot

60
00:05:41,860 --> 00:05:45,279
of manufactured products that probably they are not going to have the same

61
00:05:45,279 --> 00:05:50,800
quality but they are going to have a huge number a bigger number of products

62
00:05:50,800 --> 00:05:58,879
it means that the prices are going to be lower okay for example you can

63
00:05:58,879 --> 00:06:06,259
understand this if I'm producing I don't know phones okay and I produce two

64
00:06:06,259 --> 00:06:12,019
phones okay of course it takes me a lot to produce the phones the two phones so

65
00:06:12,019 --> 00:06:19,759
I'm going to set an expensive price but if I can produce 25 in the time you are

66
00:06:19,759 --> 00:06:25,500
producing two of course I'm going to decrease the price so that's the idea

67
00:06:25,500 --> 00:06:29,639
the bourgeoisie is going to say okay I'm going to be even richer I'm going to

68
00:06:29,639 --> 00:06:34,319
create these big workshops I'm going to pay someone to be produced in the

69
00:06:34,319 --> 00:06:40,819
product quickly it's not going to have the same quality as the as the products

70
00:06:40,819 --> 00:06:45,060
in the small workshop but the price is going to be cheaper and the number is

71
00:06:45,060 --> 00:06:49,720
going to be higher where are you going to go where are you going to to buy the

72
00:06:49,720 --> 00:06:54,259
product the cheap product or the expensive product of course the cheap

73
00:06:54,259 --> 00:07:02,319
product so the thing is these people this bourgeoisie is going to be even richer and of

74
00:07:02,319 --> 00:07:09,959
course these artisans are going to start losing money and they are going to turn poor into poor

75
00:07:09,959 --> 00:07:17,720
people and they are going to start working for the bourgeoisie in this big workshop as salaried

76
00:07:17,720 --> 00:07:25,959
people okay so this is what is going to happen in the 18th century the guilds are going to start

77
00:07:25,959 --> 00:07:33,639
losing money due to these big workshops created by the bourgeoisie okay and these people that they

78
00:07:33,639 --> 00:07:38,120
are going to start losing their jobs they are going to start working for the bourgeoisie in

79
00:07:38,120 --> 00:07:45,399
the big workshops what is going to do the king related with this situation what do you think

80
00:07:45,399 --> 00:07:49,319
the king is going to support the bourgeoisie or it's going to support the guilds

81
00:07:50,839 --> 00:07:57,720
the king or the monarchs are going to support the bourgeoisie instead of the guilds because

82
00:07:57,720 --> 00:08:04,600
the guilds they they pay less taxes because they came from the middle ages so they obtained the

83
00:08:04,600 --> 00:08:09,959
guilds obtained some privileges during the middle ages one of them is to pay less taxi less taxes

84
00:08:09,959 --> 00:08:16,019
but the bourgeoisie is paying all the taxes so of course who is collecting the

85
00:08:16,019 --> 00:08:21,339
taxes the monarch so who is getting more money how how the monarch is going to

86
00:08:21,339 --> 00:08:26,759
get more money from the bourgeoisie or from the guilds from the bourgeoisie so

87
00:08:26,759 --> 00:08:30,839
the monarch is going to support the bourgeoisie instead of the guilds so in

88
00:08:30,839 --> 00:08:34,799
at the end of the 18th century the guilds are going to start disappearing

89
00:08:34,799 --> 00:08:43,779
an institution okay association that came from the Middle Ages and the bourgeoisie is going to

90
00:08:43,779 --> 00:08:51,720
start being even richer they are going to start producing more agricultural products they are

91
00:08:51,720 --> 00:08:58,840
going to start trading more and they are going to start producing their own manufacturers cheaper

92
00:08:58,840 --> 00:09:05,879
and in a higher amount of products