1 00:00:00,280 --> 00:00:06,259 Do you know that a female can give birth to about 35 babies in a lifetime? 2 00:00:08,019 --> 00:00:15,580 Or that the lifespan of an ova is from 12 to 14 hours after it is released from the ovary? 3 00:00:16,579 --> 00:00:22,280 Also, the female uterus can span up to 20 times during pregnancy. 4 00:00:23,039 --> 00:00:29,000 A lot of interesting things we're going to learn with the female reproductive system. 5 00:00:29,000 --> 00:00:44,109 today we are on point number four female reproductive system 6 00:00:44,109 --> 00:00:58,200 in the female reproductive system we have gonads that we explain that we're the part of the body 7 00:00:58,200 --> 00:01:04,799 where we generate the gametes the gametes are the sexual cells in the female the gonads are 8 00:01:04,799 --> 00:01:12,180 the ovaries, where are the gametes, are the ova, which the singular will be ovum. How are the 9 00:01:12,180 --> 00:01:18,739 ovaries? How do they look like? What are the functions? Basically, the function is the production 10 00:01:18,739 --> 00:01:27,739 of ova. Ovaries, we can say that they are made up of two layers, one which is external and one 11 00:01:27,739 --> 00:01:34,420 which is internal. In the external, we have the ovarian follicles. These ovarian follicles are 12 00:01:34,420 --> 00:01:42,659 all formed during the fetus stages, later only can mature, so when the girls are in their mother's womb 13 00:01:42,659 --> 00:01:51,140 the follicles are formed, nearly one million at the time of birth. After the process of oogenesis 14 00:01:51,140 --> 00:01:59,379 this ova will mature into a complete ova. In the internal layer we'll find the follicles when they 15 00:01:59,379 --> 00:02:07,859 are mature also the ovaries secrete sexual hormones which are going to be responsible 16 00:02:07,859 --> 00:02:15,699 for the female characteristics as we saw those are the estrogens and progesterone also are very 17 00:02:15,699 --> 00:02:24,340 important for the development of the baby in the reproductive track we have several tubes several 18 00:02:24,340 --> 00:02:31,460 tracts that are going to take the ovum into the uterus where the baby can be formed. So we have 19 00:02:31,460 --> 00:02:37,300 the fallopian tube, uterus, vagina, and vulva. Starting with the fallopian tubes, they are 20 00:02:37,300 --> 00:02:43,000 funnel-shaped. They are connected with the ovaries by the fimbri, which are finger-like projection. 21 00:02:44,979 --> 00:02:51,520 And the fallopian tubes are funnel-shaped and it's the place of fertilization. So when the 22 00:02:51,520 --> 00:02:58,159 sperm gets into the female reproductive system, it reaches the fallopian tubes, and there is 23 00:02:58,159 --> 00:03:05,479 where the egg is fertilized. These fallopian tubes are full of cells with cilia. Why? Because the 24 00:03:05,479 --> 00:03:12,879 ovum is not mobile, it cannot move. Therefore, it needs some push, some small help to get to the 25 00:03:12,879 --> 00:03:21,419 uterus. In the uterus, which is also called womb, we have three different layers. From the 26 00:03:21,419 --> 00:03:27,560 outer part to the inner part, we have the perimetrium, the myometrium, which is the muscular 27 00:03:27,560 --> 00:03:33,400 layer, and the endometrium, which is a mucosal line. This endometrium is the one that is going 28 00:03:33,400 --> 00:03:42,020 to be released with menstruation. The connection with uterus and vagina is the cervix. This is the 29 00:03:42,020 --> 00:03:50,000 lower part of the uterus and it's usually closed. It's only one or less 30 00:03:50,000 --> 00:03:59,840 centimeters open. It only opens when a baby is born. The function of 31 00:03:59,840 --> 00:04:08,960 the uterus is the gestation of the baby. Another part of the reproductive tract is 32 00:04:08,960 --> 00:04:19,959 the vagina. This is an elastic tube that connects the exterior with the uterus. In this vagina we 33 00:04:19,959 --> 00:04:27,199 have glands which are going to secrete some lubricating substances which are going to 34 00:04:27,199 --> 00:04:36,600 facilitate penetration. Also, thanks to this lubrification, the sperm can get more easily 35 00:04:36,600 --> 00:04:45,720 to the uterus. The hymen is a membrane made for protection, which breaks after the first 36 00:04:45,720 --> 00:04:53,980 sexual intercourse. This membrane is quite important, but is not compulsory to have it. 37 00:04:53,980 --> 00:05:05,060 Also, women can break it before the sexual intercourse by doing gymnastics or riding a bike. 38 00:05:05,060 --> 00:05:12,100 And the vagina, as we said, is the place where the sperm is placed 39 00:05:12,100 --> 00:05:17,779 And also is the place for the babies to pass to the outer world 40 00:05:17,779 --> 00:05:24,639 The vulva is the most visible part of the female reproductive system 41 00:05:24,639 --> 00:05:31,319 There are some skillfuls like the labia majora and the labia minora 42 00:05:31,319 --> 00:05:40,540 also there is an erectile tissue which is called clitoris that goes inside the female body about 43 00:05:40,540 --> 00:05:49,259 30 30 centimeters long in the vulva there are some glands which are the bartholin glands 44 00:05:49,259 --> 00:05:56,879 which are made for lubrification as you can see there are a lot of glands that lubrificate the 45 00:05:56,879 --> 00:06:06,660 area, so the sexual intercourse will be easier, won't hurt, and that spermatozoa 46 00:06:06,660 --> 00:06:13,500 can reach the ovum. And that's all for today, I hope you made a good drawing of 47 00:06:13,500 --> 00:06:19,980 the female reproductive system, a good drawing of the ovum, and next day we'll 48 00:06:19,980 --> 00:06:24,319 see the different stages of reproduction. 49 00:06:26,879 --> 00:06:38,110 Thanks for watching!