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Hello, In this exercise we are going

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to learn how to use a distance

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sensor so you will be able to

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find it in the basic library just

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scroll down and it's right here click

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and drag it and connect it to

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the arduino board this way

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I'm going to zoom in a little

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bit

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you can see the ground connection from

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the sensor to the arduino board

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and a five volts connection connected to

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the five volts of the board

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and there is also a control wire

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or control connector that we are connecting

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to number thirteen so this is how

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we connect the sensor

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now how do we program it so

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if we open the code

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I'm going to just focus first on

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the first block that is here that

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we see we're going to use a

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variable that is called distance and we're

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going to use the block to define

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this is the way that we take

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a value and we store it inside

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the variable and inside is the per

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purple block that says read the distance

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sensor etc etc it's a very long

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name but it basically means that the

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sensor is going to be connected to

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number thirteen

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so if I scroll over

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this section you do not need to

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change keep it as is

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and we are going to measure the

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distance in centimeters

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so centimeters is there and we use

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this purple block to read a number

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and store it inside this variable

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now with this second block as you

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already know we are going to send

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the value to the serial monitor

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down here okay so let's look at

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the simulation

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and you can see how it will

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work

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we will read the distance and we

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will send it to the arduino board

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and we'll be able to see it

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using the serial monitor

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so let's start

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I'm going to just close the code

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to make it easier to see fully

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and then zoom out a little bit

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and nothing happens at first but if

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I click here on the monitor

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this new or on the sensor sorry

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this new part will appear so this

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ball is simulating a kind of object

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close to the sensor

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and if I open the serial monitor

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you will be able to see that

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here the distance is three hundred and

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three centimeters

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and we're reading three hundred three centimeters

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if I move the ball closer the

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distance is one hundred and ninety two

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centimeters one hundred and ninety two and

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closer again sixty three and we're reading

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sixty three centimeters okay so it means

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that the simulation works which

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great

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but also I will say that it's

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not necessarily easy to understand how this

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works in real life so I'm going

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to show you a real distance sensor

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measuring in real life

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so we can stop the stimulation

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and here I have it set up

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so I've created this code and uploaded

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it to the arduino board and now

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the board is already working

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I'm going to use this book as

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an object for example and the object

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is far away

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and there's a green light can you

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see the green light as the object

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moves closer we see the yellow light

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and if the object is even closer

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now the red light is shining

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okay so we're measuring distances and the

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arduino board is behaving according to the

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distance that the the sensors reading

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so this is the exercise that you

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will have to program using the simulation

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of course not the program and you

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see that it works in real life

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ok

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so let's go back to our simulation

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you have everything you need here you

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have the sensor and when you're simulating

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you can click on it remember if

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you are simulating you can click and

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you'll have a virtual object to move

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and then you have these pieces of

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code these blocks we are reading using

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the purple block and storing it inside

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a variable and you will use this

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variable to check the conditions

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so if the distances for instance I

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dunno let's let's look before we add

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any code if the distance is for

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instance higher than two hundred centimeters then

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the green LED will be shining if

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the distances between two hundred and one

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hundred for instance

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it's

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then the yellow LED will be shining

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and if it's lower than one hundred

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centimeters for example then the red LED

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will be shining

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so what do you need well of

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course you need three LED connected

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here with protection resistors like always

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connected to

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for instance twelve eleven ten

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connectors and you will also need some

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comparing blocks for conditions that if then

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blocks

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let's find that here

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and you will also have to combine

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different conditions such as lower than two

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hundred and higher than thirty just for

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instance so remember you already know how

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to combine conditions and all of them

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inside the block that says if then

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so there will be three blocks of

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if and each one will have a

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different condition for instance higher than two

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hundred lower than two hundred and higher

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than one hundred and lower than one

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hundred centimeters and for each condition one

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of the LED these will be shining

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it will shine for a short period

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of time

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so we will wait for this period

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of time while it's shining

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and then it will be off again

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okay so I have described the structure

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of the program to you if you

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don't understand it you can just watch

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the video again

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I think you now have everything you

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need to know how to complete the

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exercise

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so you will have to program something

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that will behave the same way the

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real arduino board is behaving now with

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the object in different conditions of how

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far away it is to the sensor

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in centimeters so try this and watch

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the video again if you need to

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good luck