1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:12,560 hello again okay let's go and the last session of the week okay and the last part of the booklet so 2 00:00:12,560 --> 00:00:18,719 get ready put your eyes over here with me and your ears over here with me and let's go okay 3 00:00:18,719 --> 00:00:25,120 today we're going to talk about thermal energy when you think about thermal energy you can think 4 00:00:25,120 --> 00:00:33,960 about temperature, and you can think about thermometer. What is a thermometer? It's the 5 00:00:33,960 --> 00:00:39,260 instrument that measures your temperature. That's a thermometer. Right now, we use it 6 00:00:39,260 --> 00:00:46,100 every day. Okay. What else? Before we start talking about thermal energy, besides temperature 7 00:00:46,100 --> 00:00:52,140 and thermometer, we have to distinguish two words, okay? So you understand the explanation. 8 00:00:52,700 --> 00:00:54,439 The first one is going to be heat. 9 00:00:54,840 --> 00:00:57,960 And heat, we're going to use it as two different types of words. 10 00:00:58,100 --> 00:01:01,539 Look, we're going to use it as a noun, okay? 11 00:01:01,700 --> 00:01:02,840 We don't say name. 12 00:01:02,980 --> 00:01:04,780 We say noun in English, okay? 13 00:01:05,159 --> 00:01:05,719 Un nombre. 14 00:01:06,319 --> 00:01:08,359 The sun gives heat. 15 00:01:08,599 --> 00:01:10,180 It gives temperature, okay? 16 00:01:10,260 --> 00:01:10,939 There is the sun. 17 00:01:11,760 --> 00:01:17,640 And then as a verb, I am going to heat, to heat my cat. 18 00:01:18,460 --> 00:01:18,980 Let's see. 19 00:01:20,200 --> 00:01:20,840 Oh, man. 20 00:01:21,060 --> 00:01:21,680 Poor cat. 21 00:01:22,140 --> 00:01:32,219 okay and the other word is hot okay hot where you're going to use it as an adjective you get 22 00:01:32,219 --> 00:01:39,400 burned when something is hot for example look over here look what happens there 23 00:01:39,400 --> 00:01:43,420 i am over there i'm gonna have my coffee 24 00:01:43,420 --> 00:01:54,260 ooh you get burned when something is very hot okay so remember heat as temperature 25 00:01:54,260 --> 00:02:03,060 heat as verb okay and then when something is hot let's continue let's see where i am 26 00:02:03,060 --> 00:02:12,699 here right here okay so thermal energy is produced when heat okay when the temperature 27 00:02:12,699 --> 00:02:19,699 of something is transferred between objects that are at different temperatures, okay? 28 00:02:20,459 --> 00:02:28,459 You're going to see an example. Here we have coffee, okay, and ice. The coffee is hot and the 29 00:02:28,459 --> 00:02:37,879 ice is cold. So over here, the definition is that thermal energy is produced when heat is transferred 30 00:02:37,879 --> 00:02:44,759 between two objects, coffee and ice, that are at different temperatures, hot and cold, okay? 31 00:02:46,219 --> 00:02:52,960 Now, this is very important, guys, okay? Take a picture of this because you have to memorize this. 32 00:02:53,620 --> 00:03:00,579 But for this, you have to understand it, okay? It says heat is always transferred. That means that 33 00:03:00,580 --> 00:03:08,100 it always goes from the object with the highest temperature, from the hottest object, to the 34 00:03:08,100 --> 00:03:12,920 object with the lowest temperature, to the coldest, okay? 35 00:03:13,060 --> 00:03:14,939 So imagine, here's a picture. 36 00:03:16,120 --> 00:03:19,520 Let me get here on the side, okay? 37 00:03:20,980 --> 00:03:24,720 This is the hot object, and this is the cold object. 38 00:03:24,719 --> 00:03:38,860 So heat is transferred, goes from the hot object, from the object with the highest temperature to the object with the lowest temperature, the coldest one, okay? 39 00:03:38,860 --> 00:03:53,280 In the example of the coffee, the heat from the coffee, which is the hot object, goes to the ice cubes, which is the cold object, and that's why they melt, okay? 40 00:03:53,759 --> 00:03:56,520 Let's understand it a little bit better with different things. 41 00:03:57,460 --> 00:04:01,180 Okay, we said that we have two pages over there in your booklet. 42 00:04:01,180 --> 00:04:14,039 One that talks about thermal effect, where you're going to have to say that thermal is produced when heat transfers between objects that are at different temperatures. 43 00:04:14,939 --> 00:04:23,180 And then you also write over there that heat goes always from the hottest object to the coldest. 44 00:04:23,280 --> 00:04:33,780 object okay understand okay let's see when two objects exchange that heat okay 45 00:04:33,780 --> 00:04:39,860 things can happen let's see what things can happen one of it is temperature 46 00:04:39,860 --> 00:04:45,180 variation if you take a look there's a bottle of water that the water looks 47 00:04:45,180 --> 00:04:51,480 that it looks cold okay and the hand I'm sure that this example it's familiar to 48 00:04:51,480 --> 00:04:57,700 you what happens when you have in your hand a bottle of cold water and your 49 00:04:57,700 --> 00:05:06,580 hand is hot think about it hot cold what happens to the temperatures of your hand 50 00:05:06,580 --> 00:05:13,600 and the temperature of the bottle are you thinking okay what happens to the 51 00:05:13,600 --> 00:05:18,020 temperature of the hand and what happens to the temperature of the bottle when 52 00:05:18,019 --> 00:05:23,120 they are in contact. This is what we call temperature variation. But don't worry because 53 00:05:23,120 --> 00:05:29,519 you're going to see an example. Another thing is, another effect that happens with the temperature 54 00:05:29,519 --> 00:05:34,959 between objects is that it changes of state. And this I'm sure that you have seen it years 55 00:05:34,959 --> 00:05:40,979 before. There are three states of matter, solid, liquid, and gas. And from a solid to 56 00:05:40,979 --> 00:05:45,779 a liquid, I have to do something over there. And from a liquid to a gas, I have to do something 57 00:05:45,780 --> 00:05:54,660 over there too okay and the last one is expansion and contraction so these three effects you have 58 00:05:54,660 --> 00:05:59,860 them in your book do not worry because i'm going to explain them better and make sure you understand 59 00:05:59,860 --> 00:06:08,740 it okay so pay attention okay the first one temperature variation variation is change it's 60 00:06:08,740 --> 00:06:14,420 the same as change so the temperature changes okay oops there's a mistake here the computer 61 00:06:14,420 --> 00:06:21,460 always changes this word from temperature to temperatura in spanish i hate it okay let's see 62 00:06:22,020 --> 00:06:31,620 imagine you have a chair made up of ice a chair made of ice and you sit down 63 00:06:34,180 --> 00:06:43,780 there i go okay now think about the two objects that we have okay and what temperature they have 64 00:06:43,780 --> 00:06:53,540 so the person in this case my emoji is the warm object okay and the chair made of ice is the cold 65 00:06:53,540 --> 00:07:00,020 object we said in the beginning that the temperature goes from the hottest object 66 00:07:00,660 --> 00:07:07,380 to to the coldest object okay it goes like that it transfers it goes from the hottest object to 67 00:07:07,379 --> 00:07:15,779 the coldest object so what happens with the temperatures of the person and the chair what 68 00:07:15,779 --> 00:07:22,899 happens let's see it so when the when the temperature goes from the from the person 69 00:07:22,899 --> 00:07:29,379 to the chair what happens with the person with the temperature the consequence is that the temperature 70 00:07:29,379 --> 00:07:36,980 of the person goes down or decreases which is the same okay and what happens to the temperature of 71 00:07:36,980 --> 00:07:47,920 the chair think well what happens is that the temperature goes up or rises 72 00:07:47,920 --> 00:07:55,879 okay are you understanding I'm going to let you think about it maybe I'm going 73 00:07:55,879 --> 00:08:04,280 too fast a person and a chair made of ice the person gives the heat to the 74 00:08:04,280 --> 00:08:11,220 eyes as a consequence the temperature of the person is colder and the temperature 75 00:08:11,220 --> 00:08:20,760 of the chair is warmer and it would end up melting of course okay okay now the 76 00:08:20,760 --> 00:08:27,680 second heat effect changes of state we said solid liquid and gas watch this 77 00:08:27,680 --> 00:08:29,920 video 78 00:08:34,279 --> 00:08:45,240 Ta-da! Hello, kids! I miss you a lot. 79 00:08:45,740 --> 00:08:49,179 Anyway, I'm going to show you what I just talked about, okay? 80 00:08:49,799 --> 00:08:57,079 Now think. What do you think it will happen if I put a piece of ice in this container? 81 00:08:57,080 --> 00:09:06,620 And then I put it over here where this, let's click over here, gets hot. 82 00:09:06,900 --> 00:09:07,680 Watch this. 83 00:09:08,800 --> 00:09:12,580 Now it's turning red and I feel the heat over there. 84 00:09:13,180 --> 00:09:13,500 Okay. 85 00:09:14,240 --> 00:09:16,540 What do you think it'll happen? 86 00:09:19,960 --> 00:09:21,960 This is my piece of ice. 87 00:09:23,720 --> 00:09:24,480 And. 88 00:09:27,080 --> 00:09:38,080 Uh, here? Look what's going to happen. It's a solid right now, huh? See the heat? It's a survey. 89 00:09:57,080 --> 00:10:09,280 Wake up. 90 00:10:09,280 --> 00:10:16,000 Oh, oh, it's turning into liquid. 91 00:10:16,000 --> 00:10:33,779 now second question now that it's a liquid what do you think it will happen if I continue heating it 92 00:10:33,779 --> 00:10:34,620 let's see 93 00:10:34,620 --> 00:10:42,399 can you see the smoke 94 00:10:42,399 --> 00:10:44,399 Shh, this is steam. 95 00:10:45,399 --> 00:10:47,399 Water vapor. 96 00:10:49,399 --> 00:10:53,399 So the heat is going from the cooker. 97 00:10:54,399 --> 00:10:58,399 Oh, look at that! It's boiling! 98 00:11:03,399 --> 00:11:05,399 Let's leave it there. 99 00:11:06,399 --> 00:11:08,399 Boiling, boiling. 100 00:11:12,399 --> 00:11:23,399 What do you think it'll happen if I continue boiling it? 101 00:11:23,399 --> 00:11:24,399 Solid? 102 00:11:24,399 --> 00:11:25,399 Liquid? 103 00:11:25,399 --> 00:11:26,399 Oh man. 104 00:11:26,399 --> 00:11:27,399 There's less liquid now. 105 00:11:27,399 --> 00:11:28,399 Look guys. 106 00:11:28,399 --> 00:11:29,399 It has disappeared. 107 00:11:29,399 --> 00:11:30,399 It's liquid now. 108 00:11:38,399 --> 00:11:39,399 Look guys. 109 00:11:40,399 --> 00:11:41,399 It has disappeared. 110 00:11:46,399 --> 00:11:48,399 It has evaporated. 111 00:11:48,399 --> 00:12:04,299 okay well that happens when we heat a solid then a liquid and then um and then that's it 112 00:12:04,299 --> 00:12:11,720 and it turns into a gas okay let's continue okay oh no we don't want to see myself again 113 00:12:11,720 --> 00:12:17,419 okay that's the change of state so let's see what we saw in the video okay we said that 114 00:12:17,419 --> 00:12:24,299 the hot object gives heat to the cold object so let's see you have a solid okay you heat it 115 00:12:25,419 --> 00:12:40,059 and it turns into a liquid you heat it and it turns into into a gas okay guys what does the 116 00:12:40,059 --> 00:12:46,699 second heat effect the first one was temperature variation where the temperature of the two objects 117 00:12:46,700 --> 00:12:56,220 change. Change is a state. And let's see the third one. Expansion and contraction. Let's 118 00:12:56,220 --> 00:13:05,160 try to understand this, okay? This happens in some objects. Expansion means grow. Watch 119 00:13:05,159 --> 00:13:16,279 this growth means it gets bigger okay and contraction means the opposite it gets smaller 120 00:13:16,279 --> 00:13:24,639 okay maybe you have seen this on some roads maybe you should look although don't walk on the road 121 00:13:24,639 --> 00:13:30,759 okay these roads okay on the side they have the road and then in the middle they have it's made 122 00:13:30,759 --> 00:13:37,639 out of metal and it's not very close to each other it's separated okay we're going to see why 123 00:13:37,639 --> 00:13:45,080 what happens is that in summer when it gets very very hot this metal the the material of the road 124 00:13:45,080 --> 00:13:52,899 expands it gets bigger and if they don't put these cracks okay that's a crack if they don't put that 125 00:13:52,899 --> 00:13:59,980 crack with that space imagine they get bigger bigger bigger and they end up breaking okay 126 00:13:59,980 --> 00:14:06,639 that's why they put this separated so if it expands it just gets closer and 127 00:14:06,639 --> 00:14:12,580 that's it that's one example another example is this one it's the ring and 128 00:14:12,580 --> 00:14:17,379 it's a ring made out of metal and a ball made out of metal for this explanation 129 00:14:17,379 --> 00:14:23,220 I'm going to show you another video but this time I didn't do it 130 00:14:29,980 --> 00:14:35,940 So that's a ball made out of metal and a ring. 131 00:14:36,340 --> 00:14:38,519 And the man sticks the ball in the ring. 132 00:14:39,920 --> 00:14:46,100 Now he's going to heat the ball made out of metal and something is going to happen. 133 00:14:46,620 --> 00:14:49,039 What do you think is going to happen when we heat a metal? 134 00:14:49,399 --> 00:14:50,740 I just told you with the road. 135 00:14:52,860 --> 00:14:56,539 We can't see it very well, but we will see what happens. 136 00:14:59,980 --> 00:15:09,659 Takes a little bit. Now he's gonna stick the ball again into the ring. What do you 137 00:15:09,659 --> 00:15:12,480 think it'll happen? 138 00:15:19,100 --> 00:15:27,879 Whoops! It doesn't fit. It doesn't fit. But why? I told you before. When we heat a 139 00:15:27,879 --> 00:15:36,600 a metal okay it expands it gets bigger it grows so it doesn't fit again in the ring now he put 140 00:15:36,600 --> 00:15:47,559 it in cold water and it contracted and it fits again in the ring okay so guys this is heat 141 00:15:47,559 --> 00:15:55,720 effects okay now from heat remember you have to say that it's produced again when heat is transfer 142 00:15:55,720 --> 00:15:59,399 between objects that are at a different temperature. 143 00:15:59,399 --> 00:16:03,320 That's one thing about a thermal effect. The important thing 144 00:16:03,320 --> 00:16:07,160 is that heat goes from the hottest object, 145 00:16:07,160 --> 00:16:11,259 from the object with the highest temperature, to the object 146 00:16:11,259 --> 00:16:15,040 that has the lowest temperature, or to the coldest temperature. It goes in that 147 00:16:15,040 --> 00:16:15,899 direction. 148 00:16:15,899 --> 00:16:18,940 Okay? 149 00:16:18,940 --> 00:16:22,399 What other thing? Oh yeah, and then the three heat effects. 150 00:16:22,399 --> 00:16:26,259 Temperature variation, the chair and the person, okay? 151 00:16:28,600 --> 00:16:35,799 Changes of state from solid to liquid, from liquid to gas, and expansion and contraction. 152 00:16:36,659 --> 00:16:40,480 Now, it's your turn to write it in your booklet, okay? 153 00:16:41,159 --> 00:16:42,819 Now, how are you going to do it? 154 00:16:42,860 --> 00:16:43,840 You have two pages. 155 00:16:44,379 --> 00:16:50,139 On one page, you're going to put when thermal is produced, thermal energy, sorry, 156 00:16:50,139 --> 00:16:55,360 and that characteristic that it goes from the hottest to the coldest object that on one page 157 00:16:55,360 --> 00:17:03,679 and on the other side the three heat effects you have your book use it if you need it and i will 158 00:17:03,679 --> 00:17:09,599 try to put some information on teens in case you have to do it if you don't have time here in the 159 00:17:09,599 --> 00:17:16,740 class to finish please do it at home okay and i'm going to be at home so at some point i will get 160 00:17:16,740 --> 00:17:24,180 teams. If you need any question, just ask, okay? But try to remember the information when you're 161 00:17:24,180 --> 00:17:30,759 reading your book, okay? Guys, I miss you a lot and I prefer being over there in the class with 162 00:17:30,759 --> 00:17:33,039 you, okay? Bye-bye, guys.