1 00:00:00,110 --> 00:00:10,349 When you have heard the first word, I can understand. 2 00:00:12,050 --> 00:00:14,250 Okay, so they have 3 00:00:14,250 --> 00:00:15,789 spoken about touristification. 4 00:00:16,370 --> 00:00:17,850 They have said that it is a problem, but 5 00:00:17,850 --> 00:00:20,329 that's not real, because tourism is one of the 6 00:00:20,329 --> 00:00:22,050 main sources of economy for Spain. 7 00:00:22,489 --> 00:00:24,649 A lot of businesses take advantage of this situation 8 00:00:24,649 --> 00:00:26,410 in an economic way, so 9 00:00:26,410 --> 00:00:28,329 why should it be bad? 10 00:00:28,910 --> 00:00:33,530 Also, they have said that disabled people have problems while going through public transport, 11 00:00:33,890 --> 00:00:35,869 but that's a minority of the population. 12 00:00:36,490 --> 00:00:38,670 So, in reality, it's a minority. 13 00:00:39,009 --> 00:00:40,929 You cannot extrapolate it to all the population. 14 00:00:41,789 --> 00:00:47,170 And also, they have said that health issues, I mean, public transport doesn't compensate health issues, 15 00:00:47,310 --> 00:00:52,590 but in reality, yes, because cars generate a lot of carbon dioxide and nitrogen dioxide 16 00:00:52,590 --> 00:00:54,590 that is harmful for people's health and for the environment, 17 00:00:55,130 --> 00:00:56,850 while public transport reduces that amount. 18 00:00:57,829 --> 00:01:00,310 Okay, so my name is Manuel and I'm going to start with my speech. 19 00:01:01,130 --> 00:01:05,069 Firstly, I would like to start by talking about the safety benefits of pedestrian zones. 20 00:01:05,629 --> 00:01:11,090 According to the World Health Organization, pedestrian zones totally contribute to less accidents but also to lower levels of air pollution. 21 00:01:11,730 --> 00:01:20,370 For example, in the iconic Times Square in New York, pedestrian activity rose by 10% with 35% fewer pedestrian accidents and 65% fewer vehicular accidents. 22 00:01:20,370 --> 00:01:28,150 In addition, Oslo implemented the free car livability program by which it became, in 2019, the first city to record zero pedestrian and cyclist deaths. 23 00:01:28,790 --> 00:01:34,370 Basically, areas which were previously available for car use were now... 24 00:01:35,590 --> 00:01:39,269 Does the tourist go to buy on local shops or in big companies? 25 00:01:39,269 --> 00:01:39,689 What was? Repeat, repeat. 26 00:01:40,049 --> 00:01:44,590 Does the tourist go to buy on local shops or in big companies that you already... 27 00:01:44,590 --> 00:01:47,950 For sure they have to buy in local shops, for example, in local bars. 28 00:01:47,950 --> 00:01:50,129 imagine in a coastal area 29 00:01:50,129 --> 00:01:51,469 they go to local bars 30 00:01:51,469 --> 00:01:52,549 and they consume there 31 00:01:52,549 --> 00:01:55,390 and those businesses take advantage of this situation 32 00:01:55,390 --> 00:01:56,370 in an economic way 33 00:01:56,370 --> 00:01:58,409 so like I was saying 34 00:01:58,409 --> 00:02:01,370 areas which were previously occupied by cars 35 00:02:01,370 --> 00:02:02,930 can now be used by businesses and inhabitants 36 00:02:02,930 --> 00:02:05,030 and the positive consequences 37 00:02:05,030 --> 00:02:07,290 of pedestrian areas 38 00:02:07,290 --> 00:02:09,110 also contribute to lower levels of air pollution 39 00:02:09,110 --> 00:02:11,169 in this graph 40 00:02:11,169 --> 00:02:12,889 for example we can observe 41 00:02:12,889 --> 00:02:14,270 two completely different cities 42 00:02:14,270 --> 00:02:16,870 the first graph shows the city of Oslo 43 00:02:16,870 --> 00:02:19,550 that have a very good quality of the air. 44 00:02:19,669 --> 00:02:19,949 And why? 45 00:02:20,030 --> 00:02:22,830 Because Oslo has advocated for frequent use, 46 00:02:22,909 --> 00:02:24,449 therefore reducing the levels of air pollution 47 00:02:24,449 --> 00:02:26,229 and improving the quality of the air. 48 00:02:26,569 --> 00:02:28,710 But the second graph shows the city of Shanghai, 49 00:02:29,110 --> 00:02:30,870 which has a very bad quality of the air. 50 00:02:30,990 --> 00:02:31,370 And why? 51 00:02:31,469 --> 00:02:33,530 Because Shanghai has preferred to maintain a closed cabin 52 00:02:33,530 --> 00:02:34,349 with no limitations, 53 00:02:35,090 --> 00:02:37,610 therefore having very high rates of air pollution. 54 00:02:38,129 --> 00:02:40,250 And you could think that air pollution is not reliable 55 00:02:40,250 --> 00:02:41,129 or is not important, 56 00:02:41,629 --> 00:02:42,710 but you are completely wrong 57 00:02:42,710 --> 00:02:45,189 because air pollution is quite dangerous for people's health 58 00:02:45,189 --> 00:02:46,449 and should be cross-regulated. 59 00:02:46,870 --> 00:02:56,870 The long-term health effects of air pollution include lung cancer, respiratory diseases and heart diseases, such as emphysemia, and it causes nearly 7 million premature deaths annually. 60 00:02:56,870 --> 00:03:02,870 Secondly, I would like to speak about the huge positive impact that pedestrianisation has over the economy. 61 00:03:02,870 --> 00:03:07,870 Pedestrian areas increase the economic growth of an area due to the increased consumer retail. 62 00:03:07,870 --> 00:03:12,870 Basically, shops located on pedestrian grids generate higher revenues than shops on non-pedestrian grids. 63 00:03:12,870 --> 00:03:15,710 For example, we noticed that in London or Swartirkus, 64 00:03:15,990 --> 00:03:21,990 pedestrianisation stimulated a 25% increase in turnover over the shops in the area. 65 00:03:22,830 --> 00:03:27,349 For instance, if we focus on an analysis carried out by the 66 00:03:27,349 --> 00:03:29,330 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, 67 00:03:29,449 --> 00:03:33,330 there was an increase in the number of sales due to the development of pedestrian areas 68 00:03:33,330 --> 00:03:40,490 in over 20% in Copenhagen, 25% in Colombia, 40% in Munich and 70% in Hamburg. 69 00:03:40,490 --> 00:03:49,050 And furthermore, if we focus on the city with the highest tip, which is basically an indicator for the wealth and the economic power of a country, we find the first place Tokyo. 70 00:03:49,370 --> 00:03:50,289 And this is not a coincidence. 71 00:03:50,689 --> 00:03:59,069 While talking about Tokyo's pedestrian areas, we are referring to huge and wide streets where people can consume and invest their money in local businesses. 72 00:03:59,770 --> 00:04:05,409 And to finish, I would like to speak about the benefits of public transport towards private car use. 73 00:04:05,409 --> 00:04:09,430 I would like to pick up the example of Oslo that, according to the WUEF World Economic Forum, 74 00:04:09,870 --> 00:04:14,110 is the sixth European country with the best public transport networks in the world. 75 00:04:14,830 --> 00:04:17,670 This also has a great correlation with its low levels of air pollution. 76 00:04:18,550 --> 00:04:20,050 Accessibility will make different structures, 77 00:04:20,250 --> 00:04:23,870 and cheap prices are fundamentally for having great public transports. 78 00:04:24,050 --> 00:04:29,209 Also, it's much more ecologically friendly having public transports than public car use 79 00:04:29,209 --> 00:04:33,430 due to the harmful emissions of carbon dioxide and nitrate dioxide that cars emit. 80 00:04:33,930 --> 00:04:34,310 That's all.