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Hello, today we are going to learn about modal verbs that we can find in Unit 7 in English unit.

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So, before starting, we are going to define what modals are.

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They are auxiliary verbs that are used to express ability, possibility, permission or obligation.

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We are going to study some of them, such as needn't, have to or don't have to, should, shouldn't, ought to, must and mustn't.

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The first ones are ought to and should. I have put them together because they mean the same, deberías.

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we use them when we want to give a recommendation about the right thing to

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do so I am recommending to do something it's not obligatory but I'm just

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recommending it because I think it's the right thing to do after the auxiliary

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verb we write a verb without to so I give you some examples should and

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shouldn't. You should go to bed, it's late. Deberías irte a la cama, es tarde. You shouldn't

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go to bed late. No deberías irte a la cama tarde. So I'm giving a recommendation about going to bed

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but it's not an obligation, ok? Then we have ought to and ought not to. You ought to go to bed,

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it's late you ought not to go to bed late as you can see should and ought to means the same they

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are synonyms we can say that and I must say that ought to is not used so when you want to talk

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about a recommendation it's better that you use should when do we use ought to and should they

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are both used for recommendation and giving advice. Para recomendar y dar un consejo.

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Then, we are going to talk about must and have to. Debes and tienes que. So, we use

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them when we want to talk about things that are necessary to do. Cosas que son necesarias,

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es decir, que son obligatorias

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must and mustn't and have to

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you must listen to the teacher

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you mustn't speak in class

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debes escuchar al profesor y no debes hablar en clase

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so they are obligations

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have to

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here I have written three sentences

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for you to see how to do a sentence with them

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for example you have present tense

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You have to do your homework and also a question. Do you have to do your homework?

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So they are present tense and you can see I use the auxiliary verb do

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Remember that when we have a third person singular such as she I change have for has

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She has to do her homework or does she have to do her homework?

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so I'm as I am using verb to do I can change it into did when we are talking

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about past did we have to do our homework or we had to do our homework

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because remember that have in past is had second column from the irregular

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verb list I recommend you to study the irregular verb list if you don't

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remember all the verbs correctly. Must and have to are used for obligation and

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prohibition. Para obligar y para prohibir. No debes hacer esto. So it's

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prohibited. Then next we have needn't and don't have to. We use them

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when we talk about things that are not necessary to do, so they are voluntary.

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after the auxiliary verb as always we write a verb without to, needn't, you

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needn't hurry, we have a lot of time and don't have to, you don't have to do

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exercise, she doesn't have to do exercise and in past we didn't have to do

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exercise okay so they are both used to say that something is unnecessary so

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they are these things are not obligatory they are not compulsory you can do them

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if you want or you can't do them if you don't want to you don't have to do them okay so they are not

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obligation they don't express obligation so i think this is clear for you and you can take a

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look i'm going to post everything in our link in google drive and also in our aula virtual

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but anyway if you have any question or you don't understand something please write an email to me

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to profes5resonadoromanos

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arroba gmail.com

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ok, thanks