1 00:00:00,180 --> 00:00:02,720 Hello kids! How are you feeling today? 2 00:00:03,859 --> 00:00:11,279 Today I am feeling great, because later I am going to go out for the first time after two months. 3 00:00:12,060 --> 00:00:16,420 Well, today in Natural Science we are going to learn about mixtures. 4 00:00:18,890 --> 00:00:25,809 And before telling you what a mixture is, I will explain to you what a pure substance is. 5 00:00:26,609 --> 00:00:27,929 What's a pure substance? 6 00:00:27,929 --> 00:00:31,710 A pure substance has just one type of matter. 7 00:00:33,009 --> 00:00:34,409 I will give you two examples. 8 00:00:35,570 --> 00:00:40,289 Water is a type of pure substance and also salt. 9 00:00:41,890 --> 00:00:44,869 Okay, now we will focus on mixtures. 10 00:00:46,229 --> 00:00:47,729 What are mixtures? 11 00:00:49,070 --> 00:00:56,590 A mixture happens when we put two or more substances together, when we mix them. 12 00:00:56,590 --> 00:00:58,530 That's what we are doing here. 13 00:01:01,380 --> 00:01:03,479 And there are two types of mixtures. 14 00:01:04,319 --> 00:01:07,500 Mixtures can be heterogeneous or homogeneous. 15 00:01:08,780 --> 00:01:19,519 For example, a homogeneous mixture is an orange juice and a heterogeneous mixture is a fruit salad. 16 00:01:20,459 --> 00:01:22,920 Now we will see the difference between them. 17 00:01:26,819 --> 00:01:28,400 What is a homogeneous mixture? 18 00:01:28,400 --> 00:01:40,260 A homogeneous mixture is a type of mixture where you can't see and can't distinguish the different ingredients used to make the mixture. 19 00:01:40,680 --> 00:01:57,659 For example, purée is a type of homogeneous mixture because we just see something yellow or green, but we can't see the ingredients that we used. 20 00:01:57,659 --> 00:02:07,239 We can't see the potatoes, we can't see the onion, we can't see the different vegetables. 21 00:02:07,879 --> 00:02:08,159 Coffee. 22 00:02:09,180 --> 00:02:11,699 We can't see the ingredients that we used. 23 00:02:12,060 --> 00:02:13,719 We just see something brown. 24 00:02:14,439 --> 00:02:19,439 But we can't distinguish the milk from the coffee or the sugar. 25 00:02:20,800 --> 00:02:22,639 What about the milkshake? 26 00:02:23,300 --> 00:02:26,960 It's also homogeneous because we just see something pink. 27 00:02:26,960 --> 00:02:29,819 but we can't see the ingredients that we used. 28 00:02:30,699 --> 00:02:36,099 We can't see the strawberries, and we can't see the milk and the sugar. 29 00:02:37,379 --> 00:02:38,699 What about chocolate? 30 00:02:39,680 --> 00:02:44,699 To make chocolate, we use milk, chocolate, sugar, 31 00:02:44,699 --> 00:02:47,719 and we can't see any of those ingredients. 32 00:02:48,039 --> 00:02:50,159 We just see something wrong, the result. 33 00:02:51,659 --> 00:02:52,759 Cold tomato soup. 34 00:02:52,759 --> 00:03:03,740 in the cold tomato soup we use garlic, onion, tomato, bread, water and we don't see any of 35 00:03:03,740 --> 00:03:10,439 those ingredients we just we just see something orange an orange liquid and finally the orange 36 00:03:10,439 --> 00:03:19,120 juice we used oranges and water and also we used sugar but we didn't we cannot see any of those 37 00:03:19,120 --> 00:03:26,719 ingredients. We just see something orange. What about heterogeneous mixtures? 38 00:03:28,099 --> 00:03:34,099 Heterogeneous mixtures are the mixtures where you can see and distinguish the different ingredients. 39 00:03:35,360 --> 00:03:45,219 For example, here we have a bowl of cereal with milk and you can see the milk and the cereal in 40 00:03:45,219 --> 00:03:55,120 the bowl, so it's heterogeneous. Let's see more examples. A salad is a type of heterogeneous 41 00:03:55,120 --> 00:04:01,360 mixture because you can see the lettuce, you can see the tomato, you can see the olives, you can 42 00:04:01,360 --> 00:04:07,460 see the onions, you can see all the ingredients that you use to make the salad. A fruit salad is 43 00:04:07,460 --> 00:04:13,500 also heterogeneous because you see the kiwi, you see the banana, you see the orange, you see the 44 00:04:13,500 --> 00:04:20,459 strawberry you see the different ingredients a paella is also heterogeneous because you see 45 00:04:20,459 --> 00:04:27,019 the prawns you see the rice you see the green pepper you see the red pepper you see the onion 46 00:04:27,019 --> 00:04:33,540 you see all the ingredients that are used to make the paella milk and cereal is the same as i said 47 00:04:33,540 --> 00:04:40,160 before and cocido you also see the different ingredients no you see the chickpeas you see 48 00:04:40,160 --> 00:04:49,970 the chorizo, you see the potatoes, you see the meat. So it's also heterogeneous. Now we are going 49 00:04:49,970 --> 00:04:57,269 to learn about how to separate mixtures. How can we separate mixtures? There are two types of 50 00:04:57,269 --> 00:05:04,269 methods. There are two methods of separation. We can separate mixtures by evaporation or by 51 00:05:04,269 --> 00:05:14,370 filtration. In evaporation, we have a homogeneous mixture, for example, water and salt. And when you 52 00:05:14,370 --> 00:05:24,709 heat the mixture, the water evaporates and the salt remains on the plate, okay? What about 53 00:05:24,709 --> 00:05:34,839 filtration? In filtration, you need a filter, okay? And you need a heterogeneous mixture 54 00:05:34,839 --> 00:05:43,579 made by water and something solid like sand or pasta for example and to 55 00:05:43,579 --> 00:05:51,100 separate it you need a filter and the water stays in the in the in the glass 56 00:05:51,100 --> 00:05:59,860 of water and the sand or the pasta or the rice remains in the filter now we 57 00:05:59,860 --> 00:06:06,040 will see two experiments about this let's see first the filtration experiment 58 00:06:06,040 --> 00:06:15,360 Here you have a filter, lentils in a glass of water, a glass of water and a spoon. 59 00:06:15,360 --> 00:06:22,720 Let's pour the glass of water, the water inside the lentil slice and stir it. 60 00:06:22,720 --> 00:06:30,620 You stir it for some minutes and you can see that it's a heterogeneous mixture because 61 00:06:30,620 --> 00:06:34,000 you can distinguish the water and the lentils. 62 00:06:34,000 --> 00:06:45,519 And now you pick up the filter and pour the mixture and you will see that the water is 63 00:06:45,519 --> 00:06:51,459 in the glass of water and the lentils remain in the filter. 64 00:06:51,459 --> 00:06:59,819 Now let's watch an evaporation experiment. 65 00:06:59,819 --> 00:07:18,420 We add some salt inside a glass of water and after that we stir the mixture. 66 00:07:18,420 --> 00:07:23,759 Now you can see that it's a homogeneous mixture because you can't distinguish the ingredients 67 00:07:23,759 --> 00:07:26,879 that have been used. 68 00:07:26,879 --> 00:07:35,370 After that we are going to heat the mixture with fire. 69 00:07:35,370 --> 00:07:43,850 And after some minutes, you can see that the water evaporated and the salt remains on the spoon. 70 00:07:46,569 --> 00:07:47,589 That's the result. 71 00:07:48,350 --> 00:07:51,870 The water evaporated and the salt remains on the spoon. 72 00:07:55,470 --> 00:07:56,569 Okay, this is it. 73 00:07:57,290 --> 00:07:58,829 This is everything that we learned today. 74 00:08:01,529 --> 00:08:02,769 I hope you liked it. 75 00:08:03,329 --> 00:08:06,649 And if you have any questions, you can ask Patrick or me. 76 00:08:07,509 --> 00:08:08,490 See you later, alligators!