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Hello 6th graders, how are you today?

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If you remember last week we started studying the 5 senses and we studied the side, ok?

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But this week we are going to start studying the next, that is the hearing.

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Are you ready? Let's go!

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To start the hearing, the first thing you need to know is that the sense of the hearing

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uses a very important organ that is the ear okay the sense is the hearing and the organ is the ear

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but the ear is not only this part in the outside this part that you can see the ear is a bigger a

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bigger organ that goes inside your head is all this is not only the part from

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the outside but is also inside okay and in this video we are going to see the

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different parts of all the ear side and inside little by little okay the first

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thing that we are going to see is that we normally divide the ear into three

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areas and in each of these areas we have different parts how do we divide the

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ear in three areas very simple the part that is outside the part that is in the

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middle and the part that is inside my head and I can't so we can say that the

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ear has the outer ear it is this part where we have the part that we can see

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and this canal that we are going to study later later we have the middle ear

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where we can see different organs that are very important like this one here

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the ear trunk and these three little bones that we are going to see later and the inner ear that

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is the part of the ear that is inside your head where we can see the important parts like the

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cochlea the auditory nerve the semicircular canals or the eustachian tooth now we are going to go

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little by little we are going to start first with the outer ear okay the part that is more outside

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the outer ear in the outer ear we can see two parts the pinna that is very simple the pinna is

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this the part that you can touch that you can see with your eyes the part that is inside

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this okay and later we have the ear canal that is this tube that is here the ear canal is just

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a tube okay it's a tube that connects the outside part with the middle part it's a tube of connection

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is the teeth that goes inside okay very simple the vena and the ear canal so let's go to the middle

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part of your ear in the middle ear we have two very important organs two very important parts

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that are the ear drum and the ossicles the ear drum is this little thing that we have here okay

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The eardrum is just a membrane that vibrates or moves when the sound enters.

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Imagine that you are with Africa in the music classroom and you are playing the drums.

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every time you hit on the drum

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the membrane of the drum moves

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and vibrates

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this is exactly what the eardrum does

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when the sound enters

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it's a membrane that when the sound hits

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starts moving and vibrating

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like a drum

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but this is the eardrum

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the drum of your ear

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So, the eardrum is a membrane that vibrates, okay, it's this part that we can see here.

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And later, sorry, you don't see the arrow very well, but the eardrum is this, okay?

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And later we have the ossicles.

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The ossicles are three little bones that we have here, okay?

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The ossicles are three very, very, very small bones.

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When the eardrum vibrates, this vibration moves to the first bone and the first bone vibrates.

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The first bone makes the second bone vibrate and the second bone transmits the vibration to the third one.

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So the eardrum vibrates, the first one, the second bone and the third bone,

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And the vibration starts getting bigger and bigger, so the sound starts getting bigger inside your ear. So these bones, the ossicles, are just bones that start vibrating and make the sound, amplify the sound or make the sound big.

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Okay? The problem with these three bones is that they have very strange names. The first one, that is this little one here, it's called hammer or malleus. Okay?

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The second one, that is this one here, is called UNVEIL or INCLUDE.

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And the third one, that is this little one that we have here, that is called STEER UP or STEPS.

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These are the three little bones. So I repeat. When the sound enters, the eardrum vibrates and transmits this vibration to the first bone, the hammer. The hammer transmits the vibration to the second bone, the umbilical cord, and the umbilical cord transmits the vibration to the third bone, the steel.

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Okay? Maybe in the next photo you see better the three little bones. This is the eardrum, here. And these are the three little bones. The malleus, or hammer. The incus, or anvil. And the stapes, or stirrup. Okay?

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In this photo you have the other three names, Hammer, Anvil and Styrofoam, Malleus, Incubus and Styx, however you prefer.

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And so you can see how big are they. Look at this. These are the three little bones that you have on your ear.

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This is small, the tip of your fingers, hammer, anvil, and a stigmas, a curiosity for you.

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These are the smallest bones of your body.

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Let's continue to the next part that is the inner ear.

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In the inner ear we have a very important part that is this, the cochlea.

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The cochlea is like a snail, and inside the cochlea there are special cells that detect these vibrations. Remember the eardrum vibrates, the three bones vibrate, and these vibrations enter in the cochlea.

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and the cochlea detects these vibrations

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and sends these vibrations to the auditory nerve.

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They send the vibrations to the auditory nerve.

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The auditory nerve is this one that we have here.

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This is the auditory nerve

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and it's a nerve, so it connects

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the ear

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with your brain. So what does the auditory nerve do?

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It just sends the information to the brain, very simple, okay?

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But we have two other parts here that are very interesting.

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The first one is this one here, the Eustachian tooth,

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that is a tooth that controls the pressure of your ears.

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Have it ever happened to you that when you are on an airplane,

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you your ears hurt a little and you need to open and close your mouth until the

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ear the ears start working properly or maybe when you are diving under the

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water it hurts a little right this is because the pressure of your ears is not

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properly so when you start doing this opening and closing your mouth you are controlling the

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pressure of your ears with the eustachian tilt that is this one here this is the part that

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controls how much air how much pressure is there in your ears very simple okay and finally we have

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the semicircular these three canals that we have here are very special because inside these canals

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there is a liquid and this liquid helps you to keep your balance and don't fall down okay

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these semicircular canals are these ones that you see here okay one two and three

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If you see inside these canals, you are going to see a liquid.

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Inside the canals, there is a liquid.

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And when you move, this liquid moves.

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And that is how your brain knows in what position you are.

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It's exactly the same, for example, here we have a bottle of water,

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and the water is straight, but if I move, you see that the liquid is also moving, right?

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more or less is the same but inside these three canals and when the liquid moves your brain

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knows in what position you are because the semicircular canals work in the three dimensions

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if you remember the height the length and the width from last year this is one dimension this

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is another dimension and this is another okay so one kind of is like this another kind of

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each of these and the other is like this the three dimensions and the liquid that is inside is moving

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and different when you move and your brain detects how is this liquid and like this your brain knows

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if you are falling down or not okay so the sense of the hearing controls your balance so that's it

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it's very easy uh here in alpha drawing with all the parts this is the part that you need to study

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repeat the pinna the outside part the ear canal a tooth that goes to the inside

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The eardrum, a membrane that, when the sound enters, starts vibrating.

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The three little bones, the ossicles, that start receiving and transmitting the vibration one to the other.

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The membrane, the eardrum vibrates, the first bone vibrates, the second bone vibrates, the third bone vibrates.

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The names of the three bones are strange, Hammer, Anvil and Steva.

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These vibrations enter in the cochlea and inside the cochlea we have special cells that detect these vibrations and put this information into the auditory nerve that sends the information to your brain.

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Simple, no?

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Apart from that we have another part that are the semicircular canals for controlling the balance with a liquid inside.

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and the Eustachian Tilt to control the pressure of your ears okay so here you have another drawing

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so you can see this is the Pina, the Uricana, the Eardrum, Hammer and the Styrofoam Cochlea and the

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auditory nerve that goes to your ear. Here the semicircular canals and here the Eustachian Tilt.

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And so you can see how the sound moves. Maybe with this video you will understand better.

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The sound enters through the pinna, enters inside the ear canal, and touches the eardrum that starts vibrating,

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transmitting the vibration to the three bones, to the cochlea, the cells of the cochlea detect the information

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and send it to the auditorium and to your brain.

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Okay?

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So that's it.

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I hope you understand the video.

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I think it's easier than the site.

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And I see you next week.

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Bye bye!