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Hi, good morning guys and welcome to the new way that we are going to do the classroom for now up until the moment that we could see you face to face again.

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I am so sorry if I made a lot of mistakes because it's the first time that I am using this research so I can have problems or experience problems with the presentations or even with me with my explanations according with the slides.

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But I will try to do my best and I hope that you can see and listen everything that I'm posting in the Aula Virtual. So guys, let's go to work together. Remember to upload me every single task that I order because today is going to finish the work related to the political map of Spain.

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And on the other hand, I have opened a forum in the website where you can write your doubts, questions, or whatever you want to, but please relate it with the topic, relate it with the Unit 7. If not, you can write me or my Aula Virtual or email me with every single question.

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and and that's all so let's go to start with unit number seven but as we can

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already study chapter number one and two we are going to see that both of the

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chapters quite quickly and let's go to move to chapter number three so just to

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mention that we started the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa if you remember is a

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turning point in the history of the conquering of the muslin territories and for now

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the different kingdoms the crown of castile and the crown of aragon are going to advance a lot

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in the way southward so they are going to conquer the most of the iberian peninsula

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but for the nazareth kingdom of granada

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sorry I was coughing then we mentioned two important kings in the Castilian expansion

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13 and the third the one that unified Castile and Leon in 1213 not in 1230 sorry 1230 and his

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son alfonso the term on the other hand we mention an important king in the crown of aragon there

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there is a james the first the conqueror that you remember he was the responsible of the conquering

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of the balearic island and valencia finally we mentioned the different treaties that both

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both of the crowns made during this period of time to to make a partition

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about what part of the iberian peninsula belongs to each kingdom if you remember murcia belongs

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to castilian on the south of valencia alicante for example belongs to aragon do you remember the name

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of one of the treaties that we mentioned. The one that we mentioned in the book is the Treaty of

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Alnithra, but they are more like the Tudigen for example, but you don't you just need to remember

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the first one. On the other hand, we mentioned the resettlement of new territories and this is

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something that we already have studied in the unit number four. So just with this map we are going to

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summarize it a little bit at the beginning from the 8th century up until the 10th century more or less

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the resettlement was from Castile from Asturias sorry and Leon to the north of the Duero river

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this kind of settlement was called by presura then we mentioned another one from the Duero

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southward up until more or less the Tahoe River, that it was called the repoblación concejil in

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concejos, like in municipalities. But the two more important ones that we need to keep in mind right

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now are the resettlement of the of the military orders and the resettlement of

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the of the land grants repartimientos in Spanish both of them were big plot of

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land mainly to the military orders such as Calatrava Alcántara Santiago or

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Montesa we mentioned and the land grants were made by the privileged group the

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novelty and the clergy also the military orders and one of the main

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characteristic in that these plots were quite big that nowadays are still

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present in our Peninsula in our country because in the south is completely

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full of people of land that we call lucky food yeah and in the north we have

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a small plot of land that they are called mini food you in Spanish so with

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this we are going to finish the chapter number two and we are going to start

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with the chapter number three that is the one that we didn't have time to do

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in classroom I guess because I cannot remember perfectly in which group we

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So all the chapters. Related to the different crowns that are in the Iberian Peninsula, we are going to study three of them. The crown of Castile, the crown of Navarre and the crown of Aragon.

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In both of them, firstly, we are going to study how was the government of the kingdom. Then we will study the economy, the differences in the economy. And thirdly, we are going to study the society.

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We are going to, related to the Crown of Castile, we are going to also spend one more chapter talking about the Transfumance, La Transfumancia, and La Mesta.

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but this is going to be in chapter number four so we are going to focus right now in chapter number

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three because i don't have a lot of time because this video cannot last more than 50 15 minutes

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related to uh to the government of a kingdom the political view first of all we need to keep in

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that in the year 1230 Ferdinand III, Fernando III, the father of Alfonso X,

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he was the responsible of the final union of the kingdom of León and Castile.

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So for now both of them are going to be called the Crown of Castile and they are not going to be separated anymore.

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related with this crown and firstly talking about government we have to

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mention that there are there were three institutions the first one is the

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monarchy that accumulate the most of the power for example the power the ability

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to raise armies or to collect taxes for example normally they were helped by the

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the clergy and the novelty but this is the first of the three institutions then

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we have Las Cortes the coaches that help the monarch to achieve their goals they

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firstly were joined by city representative but in the end the King

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Council is going to be made up novelty clergy and the bourgeois the first

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quarters that appear in the Iberian Peninsula were the ones located in Leon

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the Cortes of Leon in 1188 it consider the first quarters in the world but in a

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different way with the one that appear in the United in England in that period

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of time but we need to know we don't need to know that information from the

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1230 as we mentioned that 13 and the third join or unify both of the kingdoms

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Leon and Castile from now they are going to hold just one Cortes because they

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only have one crowd finally we have to mention the municipalities the

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municipalities were administered by councils and controlled mostly by the

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the novelty that they were called regidores. Regidores is the Spanish name for the person

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that controlled the municipality. On the other hand, the monarchy appointed corregidores

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in the municipalities to exercise control. So we have two important members controlling

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and administering the municipalities, the regidores and the corregidores.

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Any other institutions that we have to keep in mind in the government were the king's

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council that they were dedicated to administration and they were made up of nobles and clergy,

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the treasury, hacienda, to collect taxes. Then we have the chancery, la cancillería,

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for the organization of the kingdom. And finally we have the audience, la audiencia, for administrate

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justice. These are all the institutions that you have to keep in mind. Then, as I mentioned,

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are going to focus in the economy related to the economy the big majority of the population

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were working in the primary sector so agriculture livestock farming self-culture or fishing

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the most of the population were work in agriculture but the most important activity

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was the merino sip merino is a kind of sip i don't know if you have heard any time the spanish

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and then nomad place churrasco marinas two type of sips it's just a curiosity and maybe if you

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will hurt this sentence in future you can relation and the sentence with this topic

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Why Merino sheep were so important? Because of the high quality of the wool. They had an exceptional bull.

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On the other hand, we mentioned that most of the people worked in this kind of activity, but the flocks belonged to the nobility, military authorities and monasteries.

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So the farmers didn't have their own flocks.

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They had to work for the nobility.

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Because of this, the monarchy created an association to protect the interests of the nobility, the military orgies and the monasteries.

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This association was created in the year 1273 and it was called the Mesta.

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we will talk a little bit more about this in chapter in next chapter so we are not going to

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lose a lot of time but keep in mind MESTA the association of livestock farmers to protect their

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interests then relating with the society we have to mention that it was an stratified society

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divided in states if you remember the privilege and the non-privilege the privilege were the

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nobility and the clergy and the non-privileged are the rest it's mix of

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a lot of different people people from the bourgeois people from peasants

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farmers artisans traders but also Jews and muslims that were a minority group

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what is the main characteristic that they have to pay more taxes and they

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have less rights. Finally, and just to finish this topic, we are going to mention, coming back

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with the courtes, the importance of the courtes, just to mention the two main important activities

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of the courtes that you already know, but because we mentioned in chapter, in unit number four,

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they were to approve laws proposed by the king approve laws and to raise taxes i'm checking that

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i have written from these two words i'm going to correct it right now after the presentation but

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approve laws and raise taxes keep in mind but i know that you already know okay guys

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we are

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I am talking more than 40 minutes

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so I have to stop right now

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so I will upload

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this chapter as soon as I can

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and please remember to upload

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your works

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in Aula Virtual, please

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guys, I hope to see you soon

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bye