1 00:00:02,609 --> 00:00:22,609 Although technology is a lot of things, we can't say that something is technologic in so many fields, 2 00:00:22,609 --> 00:00:43,609 We tend to associate technology with electronic devices such as computers or smartphones and also we connect with the internet. 3 00:00:43,609 --> 00:01:02,060 We use computers every day, in our life, in our private life, in our work, in everything, 4 00:01:02,060 --> 00:01:10,099 in everywhere because the internet has been changing our way of life. 5 00:01:10,099 --> 00:01:26,280 And it eases our life in very different fields and I think in the future it will be continuing 6 00:01:26,280 --> 00:01:29,379 changing our lives. 7 00:01:29,379 --> 00:01:42,500 So obviously we need to study something about computers, something about the Internet, something 8 00:01:42,500 --> 00:01:47,859 about IT technology. 9 00:01:47,859 --> 00:01:57,280 Well last year we started to study all of this. 10 00:01:57,280 --> 00:02:11,250 And now, as we are summarizing what we learned the year before, we summarize this also. 11 00:02:11,250 --> 00:02:14,969 What is a computer? 12 00:02:14,969 --> 00:02:34,860 A computer is an electronic device, an electronic machine, and it helps us to use information. 13 00:02:34,860 --> 00:02:57,939 And this is the main reason why we say that computer science is only understood with a computer as its main machine, its main friend, its best friend. 14 00:02:57,939 --> 00:03:17,439 A computer as a machine is a very complex one, but in order to study, we can see that a computer has two main systems, two main parts, which are hardware and software. 15 00:03:17,439 --> 00:03:33,750 Hardware, as the name shows, is the physical part of the computer, what you can't touch. 16 00:03:33,750 --> 00:03:45,750 And software is the logic part of the computer, something you aren't able to touch because it's an other thing. 17 00:03:45,750 --> 00:04:03,189 Hardware itself can be categorized into four main categories, which are inputs, outputs, processes and storage. 18 00:04:03,189 --> 00:04:20,569 For example, in a personal computer you have the keyboard, which is a hardware, is an input 19 00:04:20,569 --> 00:04:30,490 hardware. You also have a screen, a monitor, which is output hardware and also 20 00:04:30,490 --> 00:04:42,529 you can see the motherboard, which is the main functional part of the computer and 21 00:04:42,529 --> 00:05:07,829 And there, in the model board, there is, it is, it is the microprocessing, which is a little bit, a little bit circuit, electronic circuit, 22 00:05:07,829 --> 00:05:19,829 that we can't do a lot of processes in a very short time, it's very very fast. 23 00:05:19,829 --> 00:05:34,829 And also you can see in the tower the hard disk which stores other parts, other information 24 00:05:34,829 --> 00:05:42,170 for example the operating system and other information on the other hand 25 00:05:43,129 --> 00:05:51,529 software is the logic part of the computer and obviously one of the most important part of 26 00:05:51,529 --> 00:05:59,290 software is operating system because it's the interface between the humans and the machine 27 00:05:59,290 --> 00:06:14,290 and it provides different instruments to manage and to manage hardware and software in the computer. 28 00:06:14,290 --> 00:06:27,670 You can also have some apps, some applications software such as for example Office 29 00:06:27,670 --> 00:06:37,670 and also development software, which are connected with new programs and applications. 30 00:06:37,670 --> 00:06:55,410 As hardware, we can know, we can categorize in four parts, as I just already said. 31 00:06:55,410 --> 00:07:03,410 and here you have the tower of the computer and for example the monitor 32 00:07:03,410 --> 00:07:12,889 screen or the printer or the keyboard different parts of personal computers 33 00:07:12,889 --> 00:07:20,269 and as I said before they are categorized into these four 34 00:07:20,269 --> 00:07:30,189 possibilities. Obviously what the machine can do is just only detect if the 35 00:07:30,189 --> 00:07:41,790 energy is here or is interrupted. So it usually modelizes in a binarine system 36 00:07:41,790 --> 00:08:00,790 and it provides us very good mathematical tools to develop new applications and tools. 37 00:08:00,790 --> 00:08:11,689 It is also a memory unit, it is very useful to store some information. 38 00:08:11,689 --> 00:08:32,090 The byte whose values can be 0 or 1 is the minimum memory that you can have. 39 00:08:32,090 --> 00:08:39,269 And if you have 8 bits you have a byte. 40 00:08:39,269 --> 00:08:51,370 is very important because if you want to create a binarian world you need at least four bits, 41 00:08:51,370 --> 00:09:07,610 so a world is eight. The main problem is that in the binarian system you have to use the 42 00:09:07,610 --> 00:09:21,649 base 2. And if you want to create a kylobite, it's not 43 00:09:21,649 --> 00:09:40,909 possible that use the base 10 and the value in this kind of system 44 00:09:40,909 --> 00:10:00,529 which is a close to a thousand is this because is a 2 up to 10 and is the main 45 00:10:00,529 --> 00:10:15,090 reason why the memory units in computers sizes don't be bigger using thousands, they are 46 00:10:15,090 --> 00:10:42,100 bigger using 1034. In software concerns, as I have already said, you need an 47 00:10:42,100 --> 00:10:53,500 operating system for example Windows it gives up the instruments and tool to 48 00:10:53,500 --> 00:11:01,320 making the hardware and to making always all the applications and program and 49 00:11:01,320 --> 00:11:14,320 and also, for example, the files you create in your computer, and other kind of utilities 50 00:11:14,320 --> 00:11:18,320 One of these utilities could be Office 51 00:11:18,320 --> 00:11:24,320 Office is very useful because you can do for example 52 00:11:24,320 --> 00:11:41,899 text using Word, or presentations like this, or so on, and it's a very good program for 53 00:11:41,899 --> 00:11:57,789 all this kind of documents but obviously our nowadays society couldn't be 54 00:12:00,110 --> 00:12:07,950 couldn't be without the internet the internet is a computer network 55 00:12:07,950 --> 00:12:18,350 So, if you want to create a computer network you need some hardware and some software. 56 00:12:18,350 --> 00:12:31,710 As a hardware concept you need to have a network board, which is in the motherboard, a router 57 00:12:31,710 --> 00:12:42,769 and also a cable. Well, new networks, computer networks, can be without any cable because 58 00:12:42,769 --> 00:12:56,370 they are Wi-Fi. But, it depends, it's not for all of the networks, but you can, it is 59 00:12:56,370 --> 00:13:06,049 possible that you need a keyboard. As software concepts you need the operating system and also 60 00:13:06,850 --> 00:13:27,220 the TCP-EP protocol. The TCP-EP protocol is the way, the manner to identify our computer on the 61 00:13:27,220 --> 00:13:40,820 internet. The internet is a computer network but bigger, very big, it's a wall network, so 62 00:13:42,659 --> 00:13:55,860 to use you need a web navigator and if you want to look to search information 63 00:13:55,860 --> 00:14:05,960 you need also searches. We are going to do some exercises connected with this 64 00:14:05,960 --> 00:14:16,679 and I think it will be clear after doing them. And also other very 65 00:14:16,679 --> 00:14:28,200 important service of the internet is email that is a it can be exchange information and it can be 66 00:14:29,240 --> 00:14:42,279 give us the easiest share information and also communication and now we are going to 67 00:14:42,279 --> 00:14:56,299 do some exercises and some activities because it is very necessary in this part of the subject.