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hello friends welcome to new happy learning video today we're going to

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learn about our prehistory the first thing we need to know is that our

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prehistory is divided into three different periods Paleolithic Neolithic

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and the metal ages the Paleolithic begins with the appearance of the first

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human beings and ends 8,000 years before Christ.

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During the Paleolithic period, people were nomads, meaning that they didn't live in

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one place, no, they were constantly on the move in search of animals to hunt.

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As they were hunters and gatherers, they needed to follow the animals in order to capture

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them and at the same time they collected wild fruits they found on their way they lived in

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tribes in small groups formed by families and they found refuge in caves where they would paint on

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the wall these paintings were done with a mixture of charcoal earth animal fat and water look here

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Here are a few examples.

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The truth is, it's absolutely fascinating to think that these first paintings, these

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first artistic representations were drawn thousands of years ago, don't you think?

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Both Paleolithic men and women wore animal skins which they had hunted previously.

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And they used tools such as an axe and spears made out of stones, wood and bones which they

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themselves carved.

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With the passing of time, or rather centuries, these first human beings became more and more

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intelligent and they began to domesticate animals such as dogs, goats, sheep and pigs.

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They also began to cultivate plants which were then eaten.

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With the arrival of agriculture and farming, everything changed.

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Man stopped being a nomad and became sedentary and the first villages were made.

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This is when the Paleolithic period ends and the Neolithic begins.

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The Neolithic started 8 million years before Christ when we discovered agriculture and

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farming and it finished 5000 years BC with the beginning of the metal ages.

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Men and women in the Neolithic produced food by cultivating the land and domesticating

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animals. We can say that they were the first farmers and agriculturalists of our history,

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better yet, our prehistory. As they had to look after their crops and animals, they constructed

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small villages and began to settle in them permanently, meaning that they transformed

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into sedentary, not like the Paleolithic, who were nomads because they were moving constantly.

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The first Neolithic settlements were situated in very fertile lands, near rivers so they

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could access water easily, needed for their crops as well as allowing their animals to

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drink.

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You know how important water is in our life!

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The first plants that were cultivated were cereals such as wheat or pulses like chickpeas.

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But do you know which were the first animals to be domesticated?

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Well, it was dogs, sheep, goats and pigs.

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During the Neolithic era, many interesting things were invented, such as ceramic and fabric.

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But the most important invention was the wheel.

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Everything became so easy for men and women in the Neolithic.

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especially when they started using metals this is the point where the neolithic ended and a new era

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in prehistory commenced the metal ages which commenced approximately 6 500 years bc and

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finished when the first written language was born the first metal which was used was copper

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Then bronze, which is a mixture of copper and tin

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And finally, iron, which is a much more abundant mineral

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And therefore, easier to find in nature

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In order to mould these metals, they were melted at extremely high temperatures

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And transformed into the desired shape

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This is how utensils like tools, weapons and decorations were made

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This process is called metallurgy

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Through metallurgy, crafts and trade began

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The metallurgists were the first specialised craftsmen

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as the metallurgy is a very complex and difficult task

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which few knew how to do

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The rise of Bulgarian production and the appearance of crafts caused

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bartering, that is the exchange of products

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This is when trade began

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Trade, over time, made some villages grow in size, turning into cities

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This then created large commercial and cultural exchange between these new cities

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And new inventions, such as sailboats and wagons, used to transport goods were made

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Trade also changed society by creating social classes

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The rich and the poor, the powerful and the slaves.

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During the metal ages, people began questioning the mysteries of life as well as death

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and the first religious representations arose.

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Constructions called megaliths were created with large blocks of stone.

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Mega meaning large and liths, stone.

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The simplest megalith was the Menir, a large stone reverted vertically into the ground.

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Dolmens were also constructed, such as the ones we see in these images.

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The metal ages ended with the first written language about 4,000 years ago.

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And with this, prehistory comes to an end.

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But history commences!

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Did you find learning about prehistory interesting?

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Paleolithic, Neolithic and the Metal Ages?

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We definitely did, because by getting to know our past,

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we understand our present and make our future better.

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Goodbye, friends. See you next time.

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And don't forget to subscribe to Happy Learning TV.

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Happy Learning TV