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What is the difference between people and other animals?

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Maybe you thought about intelligence, and yes, it is true that we are more intelligent

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than animals, but there is also a very important difference, because people are free while

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animals follow their instinct.

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Think about this difference for a moment.

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Animals act from necessity.

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What happens to them is coded in their DNA, in their genes.

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That's what we call instinct, a prefixed behavior that cannot be changed.

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If a lion is very hungry, it will kill because it needs to eat.

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It would be absurd to punish the lion sending it to jail because it killed another animal,

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because the lion is simply following its instinct, acting from necessity, doing what is necessary to do in order to eat.

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But people are different. We don't act from necessity. We act freely. We can decide what to do.

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This intelligence we have can also help us to decide what to do.

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So we have free will, that is, the ability to decide what to do, the capacity to choose our actions.

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this creates an enormous difference between people and animals because we can be punished

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and blamed for what we did because we could have chosen to act in a different way freedom implies

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responsibility if you're free you decide what to do then you're responsible of your choices

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What does the word responsibility mean? The word responsibility comes from

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respond and this means that we have the necessity of giving an explanation a

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justification of our choices and it also means that we have to face the

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consequences of what we did repairing the possible harm that our actions did

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to other people. The fact that people can choose what to do, the fact that we're free,

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creates a lot of problems because freedom can interfere with another people. So there are a

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lot of problems, a lot of conflicts in our social coexistence, and they come because we're free

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agents, because we have freedom. That's why we need rules to organize our social coexistence.

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We need norms to determine what is right and what is wrong.

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But there are different types of norms, of rules, and it's important that you understand this difference.

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There are, on the one hand, moral rules and, on the other hand, legal rules.

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Moral rules, morality, is made by your conscience.

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Moral rules are the rules that you make by yourself,

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that tell you what you personally think that is right or wrong.

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So these rules are autonomous, they are made by you.

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And if you don't obey them, what happens?

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Nobody is going to punish you, but think about it for a while.

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You want to be an honest person.

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What happens if you tell a lie?

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Nobody punishes you, but you feel bad.

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You feel regret and remorse because you broke your own moral rules.

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Legal rules are very different.

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Legal rules are not made by you.

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They are made by the authorities, the government, the principal of the school, your teacher,

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your parents.

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So they are heteronymous.

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They are not autonomous rules.

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and if you break these rules

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you can be punished

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because the law is for everybody

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it is not personal