1
00:00:09,330 --> 00:00:17,010
Be ye ensured that I will be as good unto you as ever a queen was unto her people.

2
00:00:17,789 --> 00:00:20,730
Queen Elizabeth is thought of as being a successful queen,

3
00:00:20,969 --> 00:00:25,050
and highlights of her reign include making the Church of England, which was Protestant.

4
00:00:26,129 --> 00:00:28,230
Catholic people did not support this decision.

5
00:00:30,969 --> 00:00:37,450
In 1603, after Queen Elizabeth had died, James I would be made the next king.

6
00:00:37,450 --> 00:00:43,969
I will govern according to the common will, but not according to the common will.

7
00:00:45,270 --> 00:00:50,590
Many Catholic people hoped that King James would be more accepting of their religion than Queen Elizabeth was.

8
00:00:51,530 --> 00:00:54,509
But King James did not turn out to be more tolerant than Elizabeth.

9
00:00:55,229 --> 00:01:00,549
When 13 young Catholic men realised this, they decided that violent action was the answer.

10
00:01:01,969 --> 00:01:13,120
The group of men were led by a man called Robert Catesby.

11
00:01:13,120 --> 00:01:17,120
he was angry at King James for not accepting the Catholic faith

12
00:01:17,120 --> 00:01:20,120
and decided that he wanted to blow up the Houses of Parliament

13
00:01:20,120 --> 00:01:24,120
where the rulers of the country met to make important decisions.

14
00:01:24,120 --> 00:01:31,629
The men planted 36 barrels of gunpowder in the cellar of the Houses of Parliament.

15
00:01:31,629 --> 00:01:35,629
The group knew that if they went through with blowing up this building

16
00:01:35,629 --> 00:01:40,629
then the King, the Prince of Wales and some members of Parliament would be killed.

17
00:01:40,629 --> 00:01:46,629
When the group members realised that innocent people would be killed, they started to have second thoughts.

18
00:01:46,629 --> 00:01:53,629
One of the group members decided to send a letter warning one of the members of parliament to stay away from the building on November 5th.

19
00:01:53,629 --> 00:02:02,629
This warning letter reached the king, and the king's forces made plans to stop the group of men blowing up the houses of parliament.

20
00:02:02,629 --> 00:02:06,629
One of the men in the group was named Guy Fawkes.

21
00:02:07,609 --> 00:02:12,430
Guy Fawkes was in the cellar with 36 barrels of gunpowder when the King's men stormed in.

22
00:02:13,330 --> 00:02:16,030
Guy was caught, tortured and executed.

23
00:02:18,550 --> 00:02:22,430
The people of London were told nothing of the situation other than that

24
00:02:22,430 --> 00:02:24,650
The King's been saved!

25
00:02:25,490 --> 00:02:29,030
In celebration of this, they joyfully lit bonfires in Thanksgiving.

26
00:02:29,030 --> 00:02:35,969
As the years progressed, people learned more and more of the story of the men who planned

27
00:02:35,969 --> 00:02:41,270
to blow up the Houses of Parliament, and so the bonfire celebrations became more elaborate

28
00:02:41,270 --> 00:02:52,310
and precise.

29
00:02:52,310 --> 00:02:58,210
For 400 years, bonfires have burned on November 5th to mark the failed gunpowder plot.

30
00:02:58,210 --> 00:03:06,169
Soon, people began placing figures onto bonfires, and fireworks were added to the celebrations.

31
00:03:06,169 --> 00:03:12,169
Modern preparations for bonfire night include making a dummy of Guy Fawkes, which is called the Guy.

32
00:03:20,409 --> 00:03:25,409
Children often make the dummy of Guy Fawkes and walk the streets carrying the Guy they have just made.

33
00:03:25,409 --> 00:03:29,409
They ask passers-by for a penny for the Guy.

34
00:03:29,409 --> 00:03:33,409
The children then use the money to buy fireworks for the evening festivities.

35
00:03:33,409 --> 00:03:42,229
On the night itself, Guy is placed on top of the bonfire, which is then set alight, and fireworks displays fill the sky.