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Good morning, boys and girls. How are you?

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Okay, today we're going to review the three sectors.

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I made this picture, which is like the one I made in the other video,

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and I uploaded it to Teams.

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Okay, it's in Equipos, Social Science, and then Archivos.

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Okay, and you can look at it whenever you want to.

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Okay, do you remember the three different sectors?

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the primary sector which is the one that takes the raw materials from nature the

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secondary sector where the materials are transformed in the industry they are

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transformed into the products that later we buy we trade we use okay in the

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tertiary sector tertiary sector is a very very big sector lots of people work

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there and this one we are going to study it in another unit okay I just want you

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to know which jobs which professions belong to the tertiary sector in this unit we're going to

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to learn about the differences between the three sectors and the different activities that belong

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to the primary and the secondary sector okay now today i'm going to make a summary of the primary

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sector you've been reading the activities well you've been reading the pages in the book and

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doing the activities some of you had doubts some things were not so clear so i'm going to make a

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fast summary so that you know the four most important activities that belong to the primary

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sector okay so as you know the primary sector people who work in the primary sector are in

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charge of obtaining the raw materials directly from nature okay and the most important well all

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of them are important but I think this is the most important part of the primary sector is agriculture.

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I'm gonna make it with a bigger pen like this. Agriculture. In agriculture we obtain raw materials

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from plants and animals for eating, okay, for food. Agriculture is divided into two parts.

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two sections, which are arable farming and livestock farming.

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What is the big difference between them?

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Arable farming uses plants, is what in Spanish we call agricultura, that's why it's a

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bit confusing, because in English they use agriculture for both.

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farming agricultura is the activity where you plant different crops and grow

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trees and we obtain food from them okay all the fruits all the vegetables the

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cereals. All these come from arrow farming. These are the vegetables, fruits, cereals.

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We obtain them from arrow farming. In arrow farming there are two types. This is not so

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important okay two types of arrow farming which are the dry farming and

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irrigated the only difference is that in the dry farming the agricultures the

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people who work there don't water the plants okay they are watered by the rain

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or if it doesn't rain they dry up in Spanish we call this agricultura de

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secano, okay, seco, dry. Irrigated farming is the one that maybe you have seen them

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when you travel around and they have like this aspersores, I don't know the name in

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English now, but they have to water the crops, okay, usually you use this type of

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farming, the irrigated farming, for crops that are not from your land, okay, when

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you want to grow crops that are not typical from the land where you live in, you use the

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irrigated crops. Maybe they are typical from another region where it rains a little more.

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But this is not so important, just to know the difference. And the important thing is

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that arable farming is agricultura, where we get the products from plants. And livestock

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farming, ganadería, is where we get the products from animals. In livestock farming we can

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have the milk from the cows, we can have the food from the pigs, like the meat, all the

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different types of meat that we have from the pigs, from the chicken, all the animals.

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Livestock farming, ganadería, where we work with animals and we eat the animals.

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are also two types of livestock farming which are also... it's an easy

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difference, which is the extensive and intensive farming. Extensive, as the

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word says, is practiced in big fields. Here the animals live almost on the

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wild but they are not really in the wild because people have to take care of them

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but they live in big fields in big portions of of land okay they walk

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around maybe you've seen it around Colmenar there are many extensive

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parcels where cows and sheep and other animals live and intensive is where the

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animals live in a farm okay in a small place they are taking care all of them

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together for example for chicken it's very common to have them all together in

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a farm and then they lay the eggs and they are taking care there okay

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extensive and intensive but important thing as I told you about our culture

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is that it's the activity where we get our food from either plants in our

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farming or animals in livestock farming okay let's go for the next one the ones

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that you saw yesterday. In the primary sector we also have fishing. It's another way of

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obtaining food. Fishing, as you know, is when people go to the sea and obtain raw materials

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for eating, in this case fish and other type of sea animals. When people fish, we obtain

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the different sea animals for eating. There are two types of fishing, which are the coastal

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fishing and the deep sea fishing. The difference is easy. Coastal means that it's next to the

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coast, so if you go fishing next to the coast, maybe you go there and in some hours you're

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back to the coast this is coastal fishing okay you don't go very far from

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the coast from the harbor okay and in the deep sea fishing yes you go in the

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deep sea okay very far away from the from the city from the harbor and maybe

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you can spend their days weeks or even months okay these sheeps of course are

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bigger, they are big, big ships, what a beautiful ship, that sometimes have

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freezers and special containers to keep the fish fresh, okay? This is the

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difference, it's very easy. Okay, so we have agriculture and fishing, these are

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the two activities from the primary sector from where we obtain our food,

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okay? From plants, from land animals, and from sea animals. Okay, and the other two

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activities are for obtaining other type of goods, other type of raw materials

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that are not food. For example, mining. Mining consists on obtaining raw

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materials from the earth, from mines that are close to the surface of the earth or

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deep in the surface of the earth. Okay, there are two types of mining. We have

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the underground mines these are the typical mines where the miner has to

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wear a big helmet and a torch for the light and the shovel okay it's inside a

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cave it's underground sometimes they have to access with tunnels or with deep

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wells, pozos. It's a difficult activity and it's very dangerous, but nowadays it's not

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so dangerous. People get the materials, the coal and other type of materials from mines

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which are under the ground. And another way of obtaining materials from nature, from the

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is the opencast mines. Opencast mines. In Spanish we call them minas a cielo abierto

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because they are not under the ground, they are not inside a tunnel or inside a cave.

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They are just, if the ground is rich in a material, for example in granite or in slate,

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Just people work here with their machines and everything you need to take the material.

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These are also called quarries, canteras.

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Let's make the picture of a sand to remind that this is in the open.

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This is not underground.

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So that's the difference.

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Each type of mineral or each type of material is obtained either underground or in open

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gas mines or quarries.

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And the last activity belonging to the primary sector is forestry.

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Spanish we call it explotación forestal, which is taking different type of materials from the

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forests, which is not for eating, okay? Because if we plant trees for eating, that's our own farming,

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okay? Forestry is used to get, for example, wood. Wood from the trees, you know that with the wood

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we can make cellulose, we can make paper, we can make many things with wood, not only furniture,

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Wood, and as you read in your book, we also obtain the cork, el corzo, which I didn't know,

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but Spain is the second country in the world producing cork.

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Okay, interesting. It's not a very expensive material, but okay, something that we export.

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We're going to learn later what it means, export and import.

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So this is more or less the summary of the primary sector.

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Primary sector, remember, we obtain raw materials directly from nature.

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We can have in agriculture food from the plants, which is agro-farming, food from land animals,

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which is livestock farming.

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Then we have fishing, where we obtain food from the sea, two different types of fishing

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next to the coast

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or into the deep ocean

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and then we obtain

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materials

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from mining

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in the underground mines or in the opencast mines

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different types of

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rocks, minerals

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and then in forestry we also obtain materials

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from the trees in the forest

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okay? is it more or less clear?

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i hope this is useful for you

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goodbye