1 00:00:00,820 --> 00:00:16,820 Before we start with the powerpoint about the second world war, about the different phases, what we are going to see now is this powerpoint where you are going to see a map, an interactive map, showing you the different phases of this war. 2 00:00:16,820 --> 00:00:32,759 So let's begin. As you can see, here is Germany after the First World War. So before the First World War. As you can see here, Germany with Czechoslovakia, Austria, Switzerland, Belgium, the Netherlands, France, etc. 3 00:00:32,759 --> 00:00:39,280 So what we are going to say is in 1933 what we have is Germany under control of the Nazi party 4 00:00:39,659 --> 00:00:47,659 Remember we have Italy controlled by Mussolini. Okay, so here is the Rhineland the region that was the military demilitarized 5 00:00:47,659 --> 00:00:49,659 and the first 6 00:00:49,679 --> 00:00:53,259 action of Hitler was to militarize the Rhineland 7 00:00:53,399 --> 00:00:55,399 Okay, the next step 8 00:00:56,219 --> 00:01:00,640 Was to a conquest to annex Austria 9 00:01:00,640 --> 00:01:07,780 okay it was a peaceful annexation okay so Hitler is going to annex Austria 10 00:01:07,780 --> 00:01:15,159 that is going to be in March 1938 this was in 1936 this is March 1938 what is 11 00:01:15,159 --> 00:01:20,599 the next step the Sudetland okay remember Germany is going to occupy the 12 00:01:20,599 --> 00:01:29,019 Sudetland due to the Munich conference and this Munich conference is going to 13 00:01:29,019 --> 00:01:35,420 take place in September October 1938. What is the last annexation before the 14 00:01:35,420 --> 00:01:43,019 war? Czechoslovakia is going to be invaded in March 1939. If you remember 15 00:01:43,019 --> 00:01:49,819 the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact is going to divide Poland in two areas, one for the 16 00:01:49,819 --> 00:01:55,920 Nazi regime, the other for the Soviet Union. Germany is going to invade 17 00:01:55,920 --> 00:02:00,980 in the third September the 3rd 1939 Poland and in that moment is when 18 00:02:00,980 --> 00:02:06,719 Great Britain and France are going to attack Italy and Germany remember Italy is going 19 00:02:06,719 --> 00:02:12,860 to invade Albania in 1939 also okay 20 00:02:14,599 --> 00:02:18,759 Albania okay so it's going to start conquering new 21 00:02:18,759 --> 00:02:29,020 territories this is the attack of the of the Germans okay the Nazis and this is 22 00:02:29,020 --> 00:02:34,840 the region that is going to be conquered by the Soviet Union okay after that the 23 00:02:34,840 --> 00:02:38,759 Second World War is going to start and you know what is going to happen 24 00:02:38,759 --> 00:02:43,180 Germany is going to start conquering almost a Europe hold the whole 25 00:02:43,180 --> 00:02:50,680 continent okay it's going to attack it's going to occupy these territories 26 00:02:50,680 --> 00:02:54,139 Hungary Romania Bulgaria are not they are not going to be occupied they are 27 00:02:54,139 --> 00:02:59,259 going to be allies okay as as soon as a German is going to be attacked by Great 28 00:02:59,259 --> 00:03:06,780 Britain and France these countries are going to decide join Italy and 29 00:03:06,780 --> 00:03:12,919 Okay, so Italy is against France and Great Britain, okay 30 00:03:24,719 --> 00:03:26,719 Germany is 31 00:03:27,520 --> 00:03:29,159 Is looking for resources 32 00:03:29,159 --> 00:03:36,580 So as you can see Germany is developing a specific type of war that is fast that is based on movement 33 00:03:36,780 --> 00:03:41,340 really fast and surprise attacks this type of war is going to be called 34 00:03:41,340 --> 00:03:48,219 lightning war is the blitzkrieg in German is the lightning war in English 35 00:03:48,219 --> 00:03:54,659 la guerra relampago in Spanish so what we are seeing is in less than a year what 36 00:03:54,659 --> 00:03:58,219 we are seeing is how Germany is expanding really fast through Europe 37 00:03:58,219 --> 00:04:03,539 okay conquering new territories and in the beginning the Second World War was 38 00:04:03,539 --> 00:04:18,379 in favor of Germany and Italy but the problem is Germany is going to advance 39 00:04:18,379 --> 00:04:25,439 and conquer France France is going to be now under control of Nazi Germany okay 40 00:04:25,439 --> 00:04:30,720 there is going to be this region here in the south remember Spain is under Franco's 41 00:04:30,720 --> 00:04:36,660 control with the protectorate so this is Spain okay and it's under under Franco's 42 00:04:36,660 --> 00:04:40,860 control so Germany is not going to bet Spain because Spain has a government 43 00:04:40,860 --> 00:04:46,339 that is in the same with the same ideology that Germany or Italy or at 44 00:04:46,339 --> 00:04:50,879 least close not exactly the same but close and in France they are going to 45 00:04:50,879 --> 00:04:56,339 leave this territory controlled by the French but this government here is going 46 00:04:56,339 --> 00:05:01,920 to be is which is supposed to be independent but in fact is going to 47 00:05:01,920 --> 00:05:07,199 depend on Germany okay so it's like a colony okay this territory is like a 48 00:05:07,199 --> 00:05:12,240 protectorate okay it's going to have a French general controlling this 49 00:05:12,240 --> 00:05:18,120 territory and the different colonies the general is Petain 50 00:05:18,120 --> 00:05:25,819 okay Petain and this this this region this France is going to be called the 51 00:05:25,819 --> 00:05:31,759 France of Vichy, Vichy is a city here in the south of France and it's going to be 52 00:05:31,759 --> 00:05:37,420 called this way so this is the occupied France and this is the France of Vichy 53 00:05:37,420 --> 00:05:43,379 controlled by the general or the general Petain that is going to 54 00:05:43,379 --> 00:05:48,100 control also the colonies as you can see almost whole Europe is under control of 55 00:05:48,100 --> 00:05:54,720 Germany only Great Britain is surviving okay 56 00:05:59,459 --> 00:06:05,600 the Germans are going to try are going to bomb London bomb different cities but 57 00:06:05,600 --> 00:06:13,079 they are going to be able to conquer great great time at the same time the 58 00:06:13,079 --> 00:06:18,240 British are going to help the Greece government the Greek government sorry in 59 00:06:18,240 --> 00:06:23,759 order to fight against the the Italians 60 00:06:28,100 --> 00:06:36,120 to defeat the British in Greece Germany needs to appear Germany is going to 61 00:06:36,120 --> 00:06:40,920 start conquering Yugoslavia Greece okay and it's going to establish Hungary 62 00:06:40,920 --> 00:06:47,399 romania and bulgaria under its control okay so the idea is italy tries to 63 00:06:47,399 --> 00:06:52,519 invade greece italy is going to be the weakest ally of germany 64 00:06:52,519 --> 00:06:55,959 so italy is going to attack greece but is going to fail 65 00:06:55,959 --> 00:07:00,839 so that germany needs to attack greece needs to 66 00:07:00,839 --> 00:07:04,120 turn into action okay and conquer yugoslavia 67 00:07:04,120 --> 00:07:14,120 and Greece and they are going to attack Crete and finally they are going to conquer the 68 00:07:14,120 --> 00:07:15,120 Andes. 69 00:07:15,120 --> 00:07:21,120 At the same time, the Germans are going to decide to attack the Soviet Union. 70 00:07:21,120 --> 00:07:29,800 Remember, the Nazi regime is against communism, so they sign a treaty in order to respect 71 00:07:29,800 --> 00:07:32,800 the Soviet Union, in order to divide Poland. 72 00:07:32,800 --> 00:07:39,779 But the last goal of Hitler was to invade the Soviet Union. 73 00:07:39,779 --> 00:07:44,160 Hitler knew that he couldn't attack the Soviet Union since the very beginning. 74 00:07:44,160 --> 00:07:49,579 He wanted to conquer France and Great Britain first and then attack the Soviet Union. 75 00:07:49,579 --> 00:07:55,920 The problem is Great Britain is going to resist, the United Kingdom is not going to fall, so 76 00:07:55,920 --> 00:07:59,920 that Germany decides to attack the Soviet Union. 77 00:07:59,920 --> 00:08:08,279 is going to make the same mistake as Napoleon did remember Napoleon attacked the Russia while 78 00:08:08,279 --> 00:08:14,300 he was fighting in Spain so to have one front in Spain and to have one front in in the Soviet Union 79 00:08:14,300 --> 00:08:22,100 made him fail made him lose the power so in this case for Hitler is going to be the same 80 00:08:22,100 --> 00:08:29,079 he is fighting in Great Britain he is not he has not defeated Great Britain and he is going to 81 00:08:29,079 --> 00:08:33,879 start an attack on Russia the problem is he is going to move really fast as you 82 00:08:33,879 --> 00:08:38,840 can see he conquered Poland part of Russia this Estonia Latvia and Lithuania 83 00:08:38,840 --> 00:08:45,340 and they are almost reached Leningrad and Moscow but they couldn't the thing 84 00:08:45,340 --> 00:08:49,600 is they are going to be fighting there okay they are not going to advance any 85 00:08:49,600 --> 00:08:58,639 any further. Great Britain, along with the US, are going to land in Northern Africa in 86 00:08:58,639 --> 00:09:11,419 order to defeat the France of Vichy, the France that is in favor of Hitler. So, as this France 87 00:09:11,419 --> 00:09:17,740 of Vichy was defeated in Northern Africa, Germany decided to take control of this region 88 00:09:17,740 --> 00:09:23,980 to so that now Germany is in the is controlling most of Europe as you can 89 00:09:23,980 --> 00:09:28,919 see so Germany was a real threatened 90 00:09:31,320 --> 00:09:36,620 allies are going to decide to attack Tunisia here they are going to fight to 91 00:09:36,620 --> 00:09:44,139 the Germans the Nazis but they are going to defeat this Nazis okay so the British 92 00:09:44,139 --> 00:09:52,059 the French and the Americans are going to defeat the Nazis. We will talk about the war in Egypt, 93 00:09:52,059 --> 00:09:56,700 but we will see that in the powerpoint. So the important thing is the Nazis are going to win, 94 00:09:56,700 --> 00:10:05,179 because the Allies are going to decide to attack Sicily and Italy. Italy is the weakest, 95 00:10:05,179 --> 00:10:11,580 the weakest ally of Germany, so that they are going to attack Sicily, they are going to liberate 96 00:10:11,580 --> 00:10:19,659 Sicily they are going to attack Italy and they are going to start liberating Italy okay as soon as 97 00:10:19,659 --> 00:10:27,179 they attack Italy in Italy Mussolini is going to be overthrown vale el gobierno en Italia va a 98 00:10:27,179 --> 00:10:32,960 quitar de media Mussolini vale por apoyar a los nazis de manera que se establecerá se restablecerá 99 00:10:32,960 --> 00:10:39,299 la democracia there is going to be a not a new democracy in Italy in order to avoid this the 100 00:10:39,299 --> 00:10:46,100 Nazis are going to conquer most of Italy because they want to defend the Empire. 101 00:10:46,279 --> 00:10:49,840 Remember, this is the Third Reich, this is the Empire, okay? 102 00:10:50,700 --> 00:10:56,860 But they are going to be losing not only in Italy, but also in the Soviet Union. 103 00:10:56,860 --> 00:11:05,740 So the Russians, the Communists, are going to start advancing and liberating Eastern Europe. 104 00:11:05,740 --> 00:11:11,980 So, the communists, the Soviet Union is going to liberate Eastern Europe, the Americans, 105 00:11:11,980 --> 00:11:16,639 the British are going to start liberating Italy, and there is going to be the Normandy 106 00:11:16,639 --> 00:11:26,200 landings here, because they want to liberate Western Europe, while the communists are liberating 107 00:11:26,200 --> 00:11:27,200 Eastern Europe. 108 00:11:27,200 --> 00:11:31,980 So, Eastern Europe is going to be liberated by the communists, Western Europe is going 109 00:11:31,980 --> 00:11:39,480 to be liberated by Great Britain, Americans, and also French people. 110 00:11:39,480 --> 00:11:45,659 So this is the moment when we are going to see the Normandy landings, they are going 111 00:11:45,659 --> 00:11:57,500 to start bombing Germany, and they are going to start bombing these territories under Nazi 112 00:11:57,500 --> 00:12:01,500 And they are going to keep moving forward 113 00:12:01,500 --> 00:12:10,500 So they keep fighting against the Germans 114 00:12:10,500 --> 00:12:13,500 But the Germans are going to be outnumbered 115 00:12:13,500 --> 00:12:16,500 The Germans are going to be losing 116 00:12:16,500 --> 00:12:18,500 They are going to start losing the war 117 00:12:18,500 --> 00:12:20,500 This is 1943 118 00:12:20,500 --> 00:12:25,500 The Russians are going to be moving to the west 119 00:12:25,500 --> 00:12:31,500 to the west, conquering and liberating Eastern Europe, while the Americans and the British 120 00:12:31,500 --> 00:12:38,500 are moving northern in Italy and we are going to have here the Normandy landings, ok? 121 00:12:38,500 --> 00:12:44,500 In these Normandy landings they are going to start liberating France, ok? 122 00:12:44,500 --> 00:12:50,500 So they are going to move faster and faster. 123 00:12:50,500 --> 00:13:02,500 The goal is to liberate France and to conquer part of Germany, while the Russians are going to start liberating Eastern Europe in order to reach Berlin. 124 00:13:02,500 --> 00:13:17,450 The Nazis need to retreat, they are going to start attacking France from Italy, then the 125 00:13:17,450 --> 00:13:27,450 communists are coming forward, so as you can see they are going to move really fast. Germany is losing the war, they know they are losing the war, we are in 1944, 126 00:13:27,450 --> 00:13:34,250 We are in 1844 now, Italy is almost liberated, France is almost liberated 127 00:13:34,250 --> 00:13:38,809 Now the goal is Eastern Europe and Germany 128 00:13:38,809 --> 00:13:47,750 They are going to try to attack the Netherlands in order to attack Germany 129 00:13:47,750 --> 00:13:50,070 But they are going to fail in that moment 130 00:13:50,070 --> 00:13:53,549 So they need to attack from this frontier 131 00:13:53,549 --> 00:13:56,889 As you can see, Eastern Europe is almost liberated 132 00:13:56,889 --> 00:14:07,669 the communists or the soviet army is going to find out what happened in the concentration camps 133 00:14:07,669 --> 00:14:09,929 and in the extermination camps 134 00:14:09,929 --> 00:14:11,789 remember Auschwitz was in Poland 135 00:14:11,789 --> 00:14:13,149 most of them are in Poland 136 00:14:13,149 --> 00:14:16,250 so as soon as they are liberating Poland 137 00:14:16,250 --> 00:14:21,929 they are finding these concentration camps 138 00:14:21,929 --> 00:14:23,730 so they are moving forward 139 00:14:23,730 --> 00:14:24,450 they are pushing 140 00:14:24,450 --> 00:14:26,370 they are attacking from the two sides 141 00:14:26,370 --> 00:14:31,649 okay as you can see from the western side and the eastern side and also Italy 142 00:14:39,330 --> 00:14:47,330 and finally the Russians are almost reached Berlin by this moment we are talking about 143 00:14:47,330 --> 00:15:00,399 early 1945 they are moving forward so they are liberating Germany 144 00:15:01,679 --> 00:15:13,120 and finally Berlin falls in the hands of the Soviet Union. After that the war is ended and 145 00:15:13,120 --> 00:15:18,240 Germany is going to be divided into four different pieces in four different areas not only Germany 146 00:15:18,240 --> 00:15:22,080 but also Austria okay one of the areas is going to be controlled by the 147 00:15:22,080 --> 00:15:27,120 Americans the other is going to be controlled by the British the other is 148 00:15:27,120 --> 00:15:30,919 going to be controlled by the Soviet Union and finally the last one 149 00:15:30,919 --> 00:15:37,620 controlled by France so this is Europe this is Germany and Austria after the 150 00:15:37,620 --> 00:15:42,720 war is going to be divided in four different areas okay Germany is going to 151 00:15:42,720 --> 00:15:48,320 reduced to the present day frontiers and it's going to be 152 00:15:48,320 --> 00:15:52,399 divided in four different pieces one controlled by the United Kingdom the 153 00:15:52,399 --> 00:15:59,960 other by France the other by the USA and finally the Soviet Union