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Hello everyone! Okay, so now we're going to start the unit 6, which is called Helping Me and You.

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And it's about machines.

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So, the first thing we see is the name of tools.

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What is a tool?

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Herramientas.

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So, some tools are simple, they have only got one or two parts.

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What does it mean?

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Pues que algunas herramientas son simples y tienen solamente una parte o dos.

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They work using our energy.

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Trabajan usando nuestra, our energy, energía.

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so we can pull, turn, push, or twist them.

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Podemos estirar, girar, empujar, o retorcer.

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Tools help us every day.

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Las herramientas nos ayudan todos los días.

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So, these are some examples of tools.

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The first one is a hammer.

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Martillo, hammer, saw, screwdriver, and spanner.

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Martillo, sierra, destornillador, y llave inglesa.

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Por favor, a lo mejor a algunos se os ha ocurrido, pero no se dice English.

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key, llave inglesa, que así es como sería si lo tradujésemos directamente. No, it says

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partner, okay? Machines. So what is a machine? Máquina. So machines have got different parts.

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The different parts work together like a team to do a job. Las diferentes partes de esta

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máquina trabajan juntas como un equipo para hacer el trabajo. So, machines make our life

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easier. Absolutely, las máquinas nos hacen el trabajo más fácil, perdón, la vida mucho

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más fácil, más sencilla. Simple machines and complex machines. Okay, now we're going

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to differentiate two types of machines, two types of machines. The first one is all the

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simple and the second one are the complex. So, the simple. ¿Cuáles son las máquinas

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simples? Pues, they've got few or no moving parts. Tienen muy pocas o ninguna parte que

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se mueva. For example, the inclined plane. Una rampa. Aunque no parezca, es una máquina

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Porque nos ayuda, nos hace la vida más sencilla

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Pero apenas tiene partes de movimiento

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O ninguna

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And then we've got the complex machines

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So they've got loads of parts

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Tienen muchas partes

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And they need mains electricity or batteries

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¿Qué significa? Pues que

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Casi todas ellas necesitan tomas de contacto

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Necesitan funcionar con electricidad o con pilas

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Okay, so in this case we've got an escalator, una escalera mecánica.

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Okay, so is a simple or a complex machine?

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Here I show you different types of machines and we have to put, we have to think if they are simple or complex.

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Okay, so the first one is a crane.

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a crane, we are going to see one by one, you are going to think about what you think they are, if they are

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simple or complex and then I am going to give you the solutions. When we have seen all the

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tools, all the machines on this page, you pause, you think about what you think each one is

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y después le dais al play y ya os doy yo las soluciones, ¿ok?

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So, the first one is a crane, una grúa.

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Then we've got the wheelbarrow, una carretilla,

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a pulley, a lever, a wheel, a broom, a phone, and tongs.

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okay so simple or complex put a pause and then I will show you the answers okay so a crane it's

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a complex machine because it's how it has got many parts a wheelbarrow is also a complex machine I

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I thought it was a simple because in fact it's very simple but it contains

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different simple machines all together. A pulley is simple and for

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instance I thought at the beginning this was complex but no, it's simple because

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it works with our energy too. A lever is simple, ok, porque solamente nosotros con

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nuestra fuerza ya funcionaría. A wheel is simple too. A broom is simple. A phone is

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super complex super complex it's like a computer it should be a complex machine

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too and the last one the tongues simple, unas piezas, tongues we use this in the

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kitchen okay so machines they use energy

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Normally, all the machines we have got at home need energy, need mains of electricity.

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So, we use machines every day.

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Usamos máquinas todos los días.

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Fijaos un día y mirad cuántas veces o cuántas máquinas usáis al día.

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Es increíble.

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Complex machines use different types of energy.

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Las máquinas complejas utilizan diferentes tipos de energía.

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For example, we're going to learn Hebrew Cavalry.

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Switch. What is a switch?

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We've got this in most of the rooms of our house.

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Un interruptor.

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A socket.

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Es un enchufe.

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And a plug.

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También en español decimos enchufe.

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Prácticamente no hay diferencia en español

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Decimos, ¿dónde está el enchufe?

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Ahí

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Ay, pásame, a ver si enchufa

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No, usamos prácticamente lo mismo

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But in English we say socket and plug

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Then we've got a cable

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Batteries

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Vacuum cleaner

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Vacuum cleaner

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a vacuum cleaner is la aspiradora so when you say okay today I vacuumed the carpet o he pasado

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la aspiradora o he aspirado el alfombra I vacuum the carpet okay uh the radio radio

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and mains electricity we I suppose you have seen many of this one when you for

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example when you go outside when you go they are nearby the roads yeah these are

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the mains electricity it's electricity and the last part of the topic is that

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inventions throughout history. Los inventos a través de la historia.

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Bueno, pues we've got three, super simple. The first one is a fire. Fire has

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been invented or discovered in the prehistory, okay? So then it turns into

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to the fireplace and then to the calefactor. So this is still used

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Las chimeneas todavía se usan en muchísimas casas, sobre todo

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casas de pueblo y demás, pero bueno, también, ¿no? Pero yo, por ejemplo, sí que

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las he visto más en casas de pueblo, más casas rurales.

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Lo que pasa es que, bueno, esto ha ido evolucionando y ahora mismo, pues, encontramos casi siempre y en casi todas las casas unos radiadores.

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Ok, then the second invention is a wheel.

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Mirad, la rueda, como ha ido evolucionando.

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This is a wheel made of stone, then made of wood, and this is made of metal and rubber and other things in plastic.

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Fijaos al principio lo pesada que tenía que ser.

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Entonces, pues hombre, poco a poco fueron mejorando esta versión y la hicieron de madera, con metal también.

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Y esta la hemos visto, seguro, seguro, en coches de caballos, en diligencias.

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And the last one is the one that we have in our cars.

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Esta es la que tenemos en nuestros coches.

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Y en las que, vamos, no son coches, y en las ruedas de hoy en día.

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And the last invention was, or is, the plough.

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Mirad.

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Esto es el arado.

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Arar la tierra.

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This large object is a wooden trunk with another trunk that crosses it and ends at the end.

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In these ends on each side, I don't know if you see a stick here and another there, there was a name on each side and they grabbed it.

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They pulled from all the trunk and they were making a groove in the ground and then there they put the seeds.

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However, they thought it was very very heavy and it was a super laborious job, so they improved it

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and they decided to put animals with animals in charge with the help of these animals,

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bulls probably created another structure in which the bulls

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pulled and they were making that groove. And the last one is the tractor. In the last one,

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with the new inventions, they decided that it will be, well, it is what we can see

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hoy en día, el tractor, ¿no? So, this removes the earth and, well, it lays the seeds, okay?

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So, this is the end of topic number six. So, I hope you enjoyed a lot. Good job, kids.

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Kisses.