1 00:00:10,419 --> 00:00:14,859 Unit 6, Part 1, Taste of the Alhambra, King Alamar. 2 00:00:16,300 --> 00:00:22,440 I am King Alamar and I order the construction of the Alhambra in Granada, now! 3 00:00:31,989 --> 00:00:34,130 We are going to construct the Alhambra. 4 00:00:35,469 --> 00:00:49,079 It is finished. It has got defensive towers and walls. 5 00:00:49,420 --> 00:00:52,840 It has beautiful gardens and fountains and pools. 6 00:00:54,020 --> 00:00:56,579 Oh no, the Catholic Monarchs are coming! 7 00:00:56,960 --> 00:01:06,959 I am the Fernando the Holic, and I conquer the nada! 8 00:01:06,959 --> 00:01:18,459 Oh, the lambrash in dreams, let's go out! 9 00:01:18,459 --> 00:01:26,140 I'm Washington Irving, an American writer, and I'm fascinated with the stories of dwellers 10 00:01:26,140 --> 00:01:33,379 and ghosts of the Alhambra. I will write the book Tales of the Alhambra. And with the money 11 00:01:33,379 --> 00:01:42,040 I earn with this book, I send it to reconstruct the Alhambra. 12 00:01:42,040 --> 00:01:47,760 With the money Washington Irving earned, he ordered to rebuild the Alhambra, that beautiful 13 00:01:47,760 --> 00:01:50,959 palace of the Nazarenes in Grenada. 14 00:01:50,959 --> 00:02:10,780 I am King Romulus Augustus. I am the last king of all the Roman Empire, Salve. 15 00:02:14,879 --> 00:02:17,759 Oh no, I am letting off, and I will die. 16 00:02:21,560 --> 00:02:22,800 Unit 6. 17 00:02:23,560 --> 00:02:27,139 My paper is the Suevis, and this is the paper. 18 00:02:28,199 --> 00:02:34,759 The Suevis conquered the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula. 19 00:02:34,759 --> 00:02:42,210 The Germanic tribe. 20 00:02:42,210 --> 00:02:51,210 Okay, we are Alanis and we are going to conquer the center of the Iberian Peninsula in the 21 00:02:51,210 --> 00:02:56,909 in Lusitania and Carthaginus. 22 00:02:56,909 --> 00:03:01,180 Finish! 23 00:03:01,180 --> 00:03:06,180 The Gandalf tribe settled in the south of the Iberian Peninsula, in the province of 24 00:03:06,180 --> 00:03:08,180 Baetica. 25 00:03:08,180 --> 00:03:25,139 The Visigoth Kingdom. After the fall of the Roman Empire, the Visigoths occupied most of the Iberian Peninsula and founded a powerful kingdom with Toledo as its capital. 26 00:03:44,020 --> 00:03:53,819 In 711, Muslims from the north of Africa invaded the Iberian Peninsula and defeated Lord King Ruderic, the last Visigoth king. 27 00:03:53,819 --> 00:04:16,379 I'm King Clovigil and in the 6th century I defeated the Suebis and I took control of the whole territory. 28 00:04:16,379 --> 00:04:29,829 Unit 6, 7-11. I'm Lord King Ruderic, I'm the last King Visigoths. 29 00:04:29,829 --> 00:04:42,990 I'm the King Decaret and I'm the second King of Torre. 30 00:04:42,990 --> 00:04:49,199 Now I need noblemen and peasants. 31 00:04:49,199 --> 00:04:56,199 Hello, I am the Christian and I am going to convert Tim Bragares to the Christian. 32 00:04:56,199 --> 00:05:25,439 I am Santi Sodoro of Seville, a prominent Visigoth writer. I will write the etymology and encyclopedia in which I will write about all the knowledge of this time. 33 00:05:25,439 --> 00:05:36,439 From the north of Africa and we are going to invade the Iberian Peninsula. 34 00:05:36,439 --> 00:05:48,459 I am the first independent emir of Córdoba. I ordered the construction of the Mosque of Córdoba. 35 00:05:48,459 --> 00:05:53,459 Part 3 Al- The Caliphate of Córdoba. 36 00:05:53,459 --> 00:06:04,459 Abd al-Rahman III. I am Abd al-Rahman III. I am a powerful political and religious leader. 37 00:06:04,459 --> 00:06:08,459 We are the Taifa Kingdoms, and we are always fighting. 38 00:06:09,459 --> 00:06:17,459 In 2012, I go to the battle of Las Navas of Tolosa, and I fight with the Muslims. 39 00:06:17,459 --> 00:06:23,459 For Las Navas of Tolosa, I am going to conquer all the Al-Andalus! 40 00:06:24,459 --> 00:06:27,459 Except the Nasrid Kingdom of Granada! 41 00:06:33,930 --> 00:06:37,930 The Andalus society was made up of Muslims, Christians and Jews. 42 00:06:37,930 --> 00:06:39,930 Arabic was the official language. 43 00:06:39,930 --> 00:06:42,930 Muslims were the most powerful group. 44 00:06:42,930 --> 00:06:46,930 They practised Islam and worshipped in mosques. 45 00:06:46,930 --> 00:06:51,930 They held positions in the government and owned the best hire. 46 00:06:52,930 --> 00:06:54,930 Al-Andalus Society 47 00:06:54,930 --> 00:06:57,930 Okay, we are mother-ups! 48 00:06:57,930 --> 00:07:01,930 We are required to pay the taxes! 49 00:07:02,930 --> 00:07:06,930 Oh my God! That is so much! 50 00:07:06,930 --> 00:07:24,589 There's so much of taxes. There's 100 of taxes. Okay. And we are in the rules of the Muslims. Oh, Muslim, Muslim. Oh, Muslim. 51 00:07:33,519 --> 00:07:40,459 Jews were the minority groups. They paid taxes and they afford a great cultural interest to the society. 52 00:07:42,660 --> 00:08:00,459 City life. In the Middle Ages, most of the population were peasants who lived in small villages. However, as a result of the growth in trade, cities grew bigger and bigger. 53 00:08:00,459 --> 00:08:27,779 Medieval cities has a castle, a cathedral or church, a city hall, palaces and a marketplace. Cities were organized into networks or ditches. They were surrounded by walls. City gates were closed at night. Many people were craftsmen or, for example, carpenters, weavers and goths. 54 00:08:27,779 --> 00:08:41,759 We are Averroes and Maimons. All Andalusians also contribute to astronomy, architecture and culture. 55 00:08:41,759 --> 00:08:49,759 Today we still use many words of Arabic origin. Now the constructors are going to explain. 56 00:08:49,759 --> 00:08:59,639 There are four types of arches. The multi-foil arch, the horseshoe arch, the transfer arch and the pointed arch. 57 00:08:59,639 --> 00:09:08,960 Córdoba was one of the most important cities in the world during the Middle Ages. 58 00:09:08,960 --> 00:09:14,960 It once had a population of 500 inhabitants. 59 00:09:14,960 --> 00:09:20,960 Córdoba played an important role in shaping Al-Andalus culture. 60 00:09:20,960 --> 00:09:30,960 The city was famous for the local traders who exhibited their crafts of leather and wood. 61 00:09:30,960 --> 00:09:43,960 Two of the most emblematic buildings which still exist today are the Mezquita of Córdoba and the Palace of Medina Azhar.