1 00:00:02,200 --> 00:00:10,800 16th century 2 00:00:10,800 --> 00:00:12,800 Juana la Loca 3 00:00:12,800 --> 00:00:21,800 During 16th century different monarchs ruled Spain, all of them from the Austria dynasty. 4 00:00:21,800 --> 00:00:34,799 When Isabel I died in 1504, Juana I and Felipe I were proclaimed kings of Castilla. 5 00:00:34,799 --> 00:01:11,769 In 1506, Felipe died and Fernando el Católico recovered the regency in Castilla, in the name of Prince Carlos, the future Carlos I of Spain and V of Germany, son of Felipe el Hermoso and Juan de la Loca. 6 00:01:11,769 --> 00:01:17,769 Fernando el Católico imprisoned Juana because of her dementia. 7 00:01:17,769 --> 00:01:28,769 When in 1516 Fernando el Católico died and Carlos I was proclaimed King of Castilla and Aragón. 8 00:01:28,769 --> 00:01:33,769 Carlos I gives his mother imprisonment. 9 00:01:33,769 --> 00:01:44,769 There were people who tried to put Juana against her son, but he refused. 10 00:01:44,769 --> 00:01:48,920 Carlos I 11 00:01:48,920 --> 00:01:53,920 Carlos I was grandson of the chaotic monarchs. 12 00:01:53,920 --> 00:02:01,920 He became a king of Spain when he was 16, but he was born in Melium. 13 00:02:01,920 --> 00:02:08,919 Carlos I inherited many territories from his maternal and paternal grandparents. 14 00:02:08,919 --> 00:02:14,919 He became Carlos I of Spain and Carlos V of Germany. 15 00:02:14,919 --> 00:02:26,919 When Carlos I became king of Spain, he did not know the language or customs of the country. 16 00:02:26,919 --> 00:02:31,919 He had foreign consuls who created cataclysms. 17 00:02:31,919 --> 00:02:39,919 This caused turmoil in 1520 in Castilla and Valencia. 18 00:02:39,919 --> 00:02:57,509 Carlos I fought against France who wanted to control the north of Italy, 19 00:02:57,509 --> 00:03:02,509 against German Protestants to defend Catholicism, 20 00:03:02,509 --> 00:03:09,509 and against those who wanted to control territories in the Mediterranean. 21 00:03:09,509 --> 00:03:18,490 Felipe II 22 00:03:18,490 --> 00:03:29,020 In 1556, Felipe II became King of Spain 23 00:03:29,020 --> 00:03:37,020 and in 1561, established the capital of Spain in Madrid. 24 00:03:37,020 --> 00:03:52,810 In 1580 became king of Portugal, joined the Crown of Portugal to his territories. 25 00:03:52,810 --> 00:04:00,810 He had to rule a great empire with territories all over the world in America, Africa and Asia. 26 00:04:00,810 --> 00:04:26,110 Felipe II continued fighting as his father did. 27 00:04:26,110 --> 00:04:32,110 The conflict with the French continued and Felipe II defeated France in the Battle of San Quentin. 28 00:04:32,110 --> 00:04:39,110 Fighting for the contour of the Mediterranean Sea, he defied the Turks in the Battle of Lepanto. 29 00:04:46,959 --> 00:04:55,959 Felipe II fought a long war against the Netherlands who won independence. 30 00:04:55,959 --> 00:05:02,959 The English supported the Netherlands in this war. 31 00:05:02,959 --> 00:05:20,959 In 1588, Felipe II tried to invade England with a fleet of ships called the Armada, but it was defrauded. 32 00:05:20,959 --> 00:05:31,959 in a ship called the Armada, but it was defeated. 33 00:05:31,959 --> 00:05:39,639 Territories and Government 34 00:05:39,639 --> 00:05:45,639 In the 16th century, Spain became increasingly world-powered. 35 00:05:45,639 --> 00:05:53,639 Carlos I and Felipe II ruled and appeared with territories all over the world. 36 00:05:53,639 --> 00:06:09,389 king was responsible for the army institution taxes were and peace many 37 00:06:09,389 --> 00:06:15,689 counselors held the king king has a lot of power but there were some limitation 38 00:06:15,689 --> 00:06:22,410 of their power there were codes in there were codes in each kingdom that could 39 00:06:22,410 --> 00:06:29,850 accept or reject 13 loves as some kingdoms had justice system to ensure 40 00:06:29,850 --> 00:06:37,050 the king kept the laws with felipe second after losing against the english with the armada the 41 00:06:37,050 --> 00:06:53,290 decline became spain did not develop or prosper spain was constant constantly at work and this 42 00:06:53,290 --> 00:07:10,629 was very expensive for the crown nobility were lazy they didn't work manual work was disordered 43 00:07:11,670 --> 00:07:18,069 people with money didn't invest and the country didn't prosper or develop 44 00:07:18,069 --> 00:07:29,069 There is no industries or manufactories, so Spain didn't grow economically. 45 00:07:30,069 --> 00:07:41,069 Meanwhile, in the rest of Europe, countries grew and developed thanks to the raw materials brought by Spain. 46 00:07:41,069 --> 00:07:46,069 After Felipe II, the following kings 47 00:07:46,069 --> 00:07:51,069 delegated their responsibilities and didn't govern. 48 00:07:51,069 --> 00:07:56,069 There was a lot of corruption 49 00:07:56,069 --> 00:08:01,069 that didn't improve the economic situation. 50 00:08:01,069 --> 00:08:07,430 In this period, there were also bad harvests.