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Hey guys, today we are reviewing the present perfect and we are also going to add in

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for versus since. So let's get started. Also, I hope you guys are doing well, that you're staying

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inside and you're staying safe and healthy. I miss you guys a lot. But anyway, let's get

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started with the lesson. So first, let's review the present perfect. So how do we make a sentence

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in the present perfect? Well, we have our subject or person plus have or has plus the past participle.

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So, some examples are, I have done my homework. You have seen the movie. He has played piano. We have read some books. They have gone to the store.

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And remember, with he, she, and it, we use has.

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We only use has with our third person singular.

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Otherwise, we use have.

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So now let's talk a bit about for versus since.

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So for refers to a duration or a length of time.

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So some examples are, I have had a headache for five hours.

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She has had a cold for three days. I have had a cough for one week. Five days, three, sorry, five

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hours, three days, one week. These all refer to lengths or durations in time, of time. Since,

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on the other hand, refers to a precise or specific moment in time. Some examples are since last night

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I have had a headache. She has had a cold since Tuesday. Since 12 o'clock I have had a sore

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throat. So let's take a look at for versus since on a timeline. So here we have our time of our

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timeline. So the blue arrows is time, and the green represents a length or duration of time.

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It can be three hours, five days, 30 minutes, one minute, but the green refers to a chunk or a

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length or duration of time. On the other hand, since refers to a specific point on the arrow

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in time. So since yesterday, since last night, since 12 o'clock. These are all specific points

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in time, whereas for refers to the length of time. So let's practice using the present perfect

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with for and since. So I have worked on this since last night. Last night is the specific

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point in time. You have had a fever since yesterday. Yesterday being the specific point

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in time. She has read comic books for three hours. Three hours is the length or the duration

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of time. We have had a headache since this morning. This morning is the specific point in

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time. They have played games for one hour. One hour is the length or the duration of time.

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So again, remember, we use for to refer to a duration or a length of time, like one day,

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one hour, one minute, other examples. And we use since to refer to a specific point in time.

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So, last night, yesterday, last Monday, this morning, other examples.

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But since is the specific point in time that this happens or it began.

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So, let's look at some examples using the vocabulary that we've just learned as well.

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So, have a temperature.

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He has had a temperature since yesterday.

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He has had a temperature since yesterday. Yesterday is our point in time that it started.

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Have a backache. He has had a backache for three days. Three days refers to the period of time or

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the length of time he has had a backache. Have a cough. I have had a cough for two weeks.

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Two weeks refers to the length or the duration in time that I have had a cough.

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Have a sore throat.

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Since Tuesday, you have had a sore throat.

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So, you have had a sore throat since Tuesday.

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Tuesday is when you started to have a sore throat.

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Have a pain in my chest.

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I have had a pain in my chest since last week. Last week is the point in time when I began to

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have a pain in my chest. Have a stomach ache. I have had a stomach ache for two hours. So two

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hours is the length of time that I have had a stomach ache. Have a headache. She has had a

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headache since this morning. So this morning is when she started to have a headache. Have an ear

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ache. I have had an ear ache for several days. So several days is the length or the duration of time

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that I have had an earache. Have a toothache. He has had a toothache since March. March

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is the specific point in time that he began to have a toothache. So, he has had a toothache

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since March. So, let's review and remember. So, we use for to refer to a duration or the length

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in time. So, I have had a cold for a week. She has had a headache for five hours.

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We have had a stomach ache for three hours. So, a week, five hours, and three hours are all

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referring to a length or duration of time. We use since to refer to a specific

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or precise moment in time. I have had a cold since last week. She has had a

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headache since last night. Since this morning, we have had a stomach ache. So

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last week, last night, this morning, are all specific points in time. Okay? So I hope this

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video was helpful for you to begin to understand using for versus since, but also a review of not

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only the vocabulary that we've learned, but also the present perfect. So thank you so much for

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watching and i hope you guys are continuing to stay safe and um i will see you guys later thank you so much