1 00:00:20,210 --> 00:00:22,120 What is the need? 2 00:00:22,220 --> 00:00:25,250 Human needs are those things that the human being needs to 3 00:00:25,300 --> 00:00:27,700 to live a full and healthy life. 4 00:00:28,140 --> 00:00:31,540 For example, health, food, protection, 5 00:00:31,770 --> 00:00:33,910 affection, among other things. 6 00:00:36,410 --> 00:00:38,770 How do we satisfy a need? 7 00:00:41,740 --> 00:00:43,230 human needs 8 00:00:43,230 --> 00:00:46,290 have evolved a lot throughout history. At first, 9 00:00:46,300 --> 00:00:49,790 they were covered individually by the person himself, 10 00:00:49,850 --> 00:00:52,730 but with the passage of time, that way of covering needs 11 00:00:52,760 --> 00:00:55,320 was no longer enough, so it was neccessary 12 00:00:55,340 --> 00:00:58,270 the appearance of an organization, capable of offering 13 00:00:58,310 --> 00:01:02,800 goods and services necessary to satisfy human needs. 14 00:01:10,190 --> 00:01:13,450 Let's start by defining what is an entrepreneur. 15 00:01:13,530 --> 00:01:17,030 An entrepreneur is a person who identifies a business opportunity 16 00:01:17,030 --> 00:01:19,250 and organizes the necessary resources 17 00:01:19,290 --> 00:01:20,980 to take advantage of the circumstances. 18 00:01:24,440 --> 00:01:27,400 What qualities should an entrepreneur have? 19 00:01:29,070 --> 00:01:33,470 Must be observant, farsighted, constant and tenacious, 20 00:01:33,500 --> 00:01:36,710 decisive and capable of putting up with frustration. 21 00:01:40,100 --> 00:01:44,180 The idea of ​​the entrepreneur is the starting point of any project. 22 00:01:44,270 --> 00:01:48,290 How do we know if it's a good idea? An idea is useful 23 00:01:48,340 --> 00:01:51,640 when it satisfies a need. These needs do not have 24 00:01:51,660 --> 00:01:55,460 to be real, it is enough that they are felt by the customer. 25 00:01:56,500 --> 00:01:59,840 Once we have the idea, what do we have? 26 00:02:00,180 --> 00:02:02,120 We have the company. 27 00:02:04,160 --> 00:02:07,830 The company is responsible for producing the goods and services 28 00:02:07,860 --> 00:02:10,949 necessary to satisfy needs. 29 00:02:16,400 --> 00:02:18,360 From a more technical point, 30 00:02:18,710 --> 00:02:21,670 the correct definition would be: the company 31 00:02:21,710 --> 00:02:24,160 is an economic unit of production that 32 00:02:24,200 --> 00:02:30,490 combines factors of production (capital, labor, natural resources and technology) 33 00:02:31,030 --> 00:02:35,710 under the direction, responsibility and control of the entrepreneur, 34 00:02:35,790 --> 00:02:39,530 to produce goods and services that will be sold in the market, 35 00:02:39,590 --> 00:02:42,550 in order to obtain the maximum profit. 36 00:02:49,660 --> 00:02:53,140 From this definition we obtain the main characteristics. 37 00:02:54,360 --> 00:02:56,990 The company is an organization. 38 00:02:57,590 --> 00:02:59,620 It is an economic unit. 39 00:03:01,820 --> 00:03:04,540 It creates products and services. 40 00:03:06,780 --> 00:03:09,850 And its goal is to make a profit. 41 00:03:13,190 --> 00:03:16,740 Apart from making profit, what does the company get? 42 00:03:16,810 --> 00:03:20,920 The company creates employment, stimulates society, 43 00:03:21,200 --> 00:03:23,800 grows in size and presence in the market 44 00:03:24,580 --> 00:03:27,070 and finally it reaches prestige. 45 00:03:32,890 --> 00:03:36,300 The companies can be classified from different points of view. 46 00:03:36,910 --> 00:03:40,690 According to the sector: primary, secondary and tertiary. 47 00:03:41,380 --> 00:03:45,500 According to the location: regional, national, multinational. 48 00:03:46,480 --> 00:03:50,580 And according to its legal form: individual or collective. 49 00:03:52,530 --> 00:03:54,640 How do we choose the legal form? 50 00:03:55,020 --> 00:03:58,230 First, we will consider the minimum capital required: 51 00:03:58,720 --> 00:04:02,210 3.000 €, 60.000 €, 0 €... 52 00:04:03,780 --> 00:04:05,640 If the company is for profit. 53 00:04:06,750 --> 00:04:09,620 According to the number of partners, from a single partner, 54 00:04:09,710 --> 00:04:13,410 whereas in others, a minimum number of 2 is required. 55 00:04:13,800 --> 00:04:18,200 Limitation of liability: may be limited or unlimited. 56 00:04:18,820 --> 00:04:21,829 And finally, we will take into account the incorporation procedures. 57 00:04:22,400 --> 00:04:25,820 We'll see now in a detailed way, the different legal forms. 58 00:04:27,660 --> 00:04:32,010 The first of them, the limited company. It is a trading company 59 00:04:32,080 --> 00:04:36,000 with legal personality, in which the capital is divided into stocks 60 00:04:36,050 --> 00:04:39,140 integrated by the contributions of the partners. 61 00:04:39,990 --> 00:04:42,970 The minimum capital required will be €60,000. 62 00:04:46,830 --> 00:04:51,080 Limited society. It is a commercial company, in which 63 00:04:51,150 --> 00:04:54,920 the capital is divided into social participations by contributions of 64 00:04:54,970 --> 00:04:55,850 the partners. 65 00:04:55,890 --> 00:04:58,730 It will not be personally responsible for social debts. 66 00:04:58,730 --> 00:05:02,120 and the minimum capital will be €3,000. 67 00:05:09,930 --> 00:05:14,660 Individual entrepreneur. It is a natural person who performs, 68 00:05:14,700 --> 00:05:19,990 self-employed, an economic activity, whether they have hired workers or not. 69 00:05:20,330 --> 00:05:21,780 There is no minimum capital 70 00:05:21,810 --> 00:05:24,730 and unlimited liability. 71 00:05:24,850 --> 00:05:29,160 Cooperative Society. The cooperative is a company constituted 72 00:05:29,240 --> 00:05:31,350 by at least 3 associated people. 73 00:05:31,460 --> 00:05:36,680 The minimum capital is €1,800 and liability is limited. 74 00:05:39,200 --> 00:05:43,560 Community of goods. The community of goods is a private contract 75 00:05:43,590 --> 00:05:46,400 in which the business activity, contributions and participation 76 00:05:46,420 --> 00:05:49,070 are detailed. There is no minimum capital 77 00:05:49,160 --> 00:05:51,450 and it has unlimited liability. 78 00:05:53,990 --> 00:05:56,780 There are three other less used legal forms: 79 00:05:56,770 --> 00:05:58,220 the limited partnership, 80 00:05:58,260 --> 00:06:02,250 the collective society and non-profit associations. 81 00:06:05,140 --> 00:06:07,150 Name, logo and location. 82 00:06:07,920 --> 00:06:12,740 The name chosen for our company, in our example, will be Mundiluz SL, 83 00:06:12,860 --> 00:06:16,390 a limited company, this will be its legal form. 84 00:06:16,460 --> 00:06:19,500 The logo. And finally, the location will be in Madrid, 85 00:06:19,530 --> 00:06:21,550 in the area of Hortaleza. 86 00:06:27,350 --> 00:06:30,020 The choice of legal form is relevant at the time 87 00:06:30,070 --> 00:06:33,450 to carry out the procedures for establishing a company. In it 88 00:06:34,040 --> 00:06:38,270 In the case of an individual entrepreneur, the procedures are 89 00:06:38,340 --> 00:06:42,610 simple and quick. On the other hand, a legal person has a series of 90 00:06:42,800 --> 00:06:46,190 constitution procedures that give the company a personality legal. 91 00:06:48,650 --> 00:06:51,210 The first of them is the negative certificate of the name. 92 00:06:51,280 --> 00:06:55,240 We make sure that there is no other business that carries the name 93 00:06:55,270 --> 00:06:57,470 that we want for our business name. 94 00:06:57,510 --> 00:07:00,940 It is issued by commercial register and it is a document in which 95 00:07:01,010 --> 00:07:03,050 we must put five name options. 96 00:07:05,910 --> 00:07:07,310 Opening of the bank account. 97 00:07:07,320 --> 00:07:09,860 The opening of the bank account will be for the reception 98 00:07:09,860 --> 00:07:13,080 of partner contributions and tax settlement. 99 00:07:13,180 --> 00:07:14,920 In the image we can see the 100 00:07:14,970 --> 00:07:18,050 bank in which we have opened the bank account (Iberbank), 101 00:07:18,160 --> 00:07:20,440 our account number and the contribution 102 00:07:20,510 --> 00:07:21,870 of one of our partners. 103 00:07:30,730 --> 00:07:33,930 Inland Revenue. We would access the website 104 00:07:34,000 --> 00:07:35,360 and, scrolling down, 105 00:07:35,420 --> 00:07:37,750 We click on this tab, where we can request 106 00:07:37,810 --> 00:07:40,640 the number of provisional tax ID. 107 00:07:50,190 --> 00:07:51,750 Settlement of the tax of 108 00:07:51,770 --> 00:07:55,550 Transmissions and Documented Legal Acts. 109 00:07:56,090 --> 00:08:00,100 It's a tax that depends on each autonomous community. 110 00:08:00,740 --> 00:08:04,750 In our case, it will be in the Community of Madrid. Once this is settled 111 00:08:04,760 --> 00:08:07,810 the company may be registered in the Mercantile Registry. 112 00:08:09,150 --> 00:08:13,040 And finally, the request for the final tax identification number 113 00:08:13,100 --> 00:08:14,990 at the Inland Revenue. 114 00:08:17,750 --> 00:08:20,090 There is another procedure to start the company, 115 00:08:20,460 --> 00:08:24,420 once the legal personality has been acquired. It is the registration of 116 00:08:24,470 --> 00:08:28,730 the company in the Social Security. The company owner must request 117 00:08:28,780 --> 00:08:31,270 its registration in the General Treasury of the 118 00:08:31,300 --> 00:08:33,720 Social Security, before hiring workers. 119 00:08:34,320 --> 00:08:37,460 Registration is the administrative act by which the 120 00:08:37,460 --> 00:08:41,049 General Treasury of the Social Security assigns the employer a number, 121 00:08:41,159 --> 00:08:44,460 the contribution account code, for identification and control 122 00:08:44,490 --> 00:08:49,060 of its obligations regarding the regime of the system of the Social Security. 123 00:08:50,600 --> 00:08:54,450 It must be requested in the TA6 model. 124 00:08:55,460 --> 00:08:59,440 Continuing with the example of the Mundiluz company, we are going to summarize 125 00:08:59,470 --> 00:09:01,650 all the procedures that we have analyzed. 126 00:09:02,290 --> 00:09:04,880 The name of the company is Mundiluz Limited Company. 127 00:09:05,030 --> 00:09:07,370 Name granted by the Mercantile Registry. 128 00:09:07,620 --> 00:09:10,190 Address: 3, Benita Ávila St, Madrid. 129 00:09:10,910 --> 00:09:13,020 Its activity is marketing and sale 130 00:09:13,120 --> 00:09:15,880 of electrical products wholesale and retail. 131 00:09:15,890 --> 00:09:18,780 The start date of the activity: 2023. 132 00:09:18,840 --> 00:09:22,240 Tax identification code: requested to the Inland Revenue 133 00:09:22,920 --> 00:09:25,490 As it is a limited company, that number 134 00:09:25,660 --> 00:09:30,360 begins with B and, as it is registered in the province of Madrid, 135 00:09:30,430 --> 00:09:32,760 the next two are 28. 136 00:09:32,810 --> 00:09:36,480 Code of contribution account: requested from the General Treasury of the 137 00:09:36,480 --> 00:09:40,190 Social Security in Madrid, that's why it starts with 28. 138 00:09:40,510 --> 00:09:45,230 It is a limited liability company, registered in the Mercantile Registry number 1, 139 00:09:45,270 --> 00:09:48,810 volume 34, of the General section of the Book of Companies, 140 00:09:48,900 --> 00:09:51,990 page 122, from sheet number 66.