1 00:00:12,269 --> 00:00:16,690 Human rights, the past, the present, and how we can change the future. 2 00:00:17,670 --> 00:00:23,730 Good morning, we are Jorge, Lucía, Manu, Irene, Hanna, Nerea. 3 00:00:24,250 --> 00:00:28,050 We come from Tempraneles School, is a Sebastián de la Reyes. 4 00:00:28,809 --> 00:00:31,309 And we are going to talk about human rights. 5 00:00:32,369 --> 00:00:37,829 First, we will explain what human rights are and how and why they were created. 6 00:00:37,829 --> 00:00:47,829 Then we will focus on children and women's rights, because we think that these are the rights that have changed the most in recent decades. 7 00:00:47,829 --> 00:00:54,140 And finally, we will reflect on how we can contribute to their development. 8 00:00:54,140 --> 00:00:58,140 Do you know what human rights are and how they were created? 9 00:00:58,140 --> 00:01:06,140 Between 1940 and 1945, there was a world war, in which many cities were destroyed, 10 00:01:06,140 --> 00:01:12,700 lost a lot of resources and many people died or were injured for this reason a nation's 11 00:01:12,700 --> 00:01:19,500 organization was created with many world cultures and they established civil rights in the general 12 00:01:19,500 --> 00:01:27,819 assembly in 1948 to ensure that this will never happen again policies and rights they have freedom 13 00:01:27,819 --> 00:01:35,739 so every person can live freedom dignity and quality and have the fundamental needs for a living 14 00:01:35,739 --> 00:01:43,340 such as food a home and a family a lot of countries have used this to build their own constitution 15 00:01:44,540 --> 00:01:49,420 one of the best examples is the european union did you know that it could have 16 00:01:49,420 --> 00:01:56,459 supposed it won the noble peace prize for contributing to the advancement of human rights 17 00:01:57,500 --> 00:02:05,340 because of this the european union was always put in laws and treaties and outside the union too 18 00:02:05,340 --> 00:02:12,300 no matter how hard it can be sometimes now we're going to focus on children's rights 19 00:02:13,259 --> 00:02:19,979 do you have any sons or daughters do you know that they were born in the 19th century 20 00:02:19,979 --> 00:02:26,780 they would have to work daily well so their education wasn't compulsory worldwide until 21 00:02:26,780 --> 00:02:34,539 the 20th century according to the university for this time most children had to work without safe 22 00:02:34,539 --> 00:02:53,539 conditions and couldn't play or learn in high-class health conditions. Children usually had to work because their families needed the money or resources to survive, and only children from very high-class families would have enjoyed time like we do nowadays. 23 00:02:53,539 --> 00:03:15,460 It was not until November 20th, 1959, that the Declaration of Rights of the Child was adopted by the UN. It establishes the principles for protecting children's rights to affection, security, education, and protection from abuse, neglect, and exploitation. 24 00:03:15,460 --> 00:03:24,460 Unfortunately, many states still cannot guarantee the fundamental children's rights, so there is still a lot of work to do. 25 00:03:24,460 --> 00:03:27,460 We will now turn our attention to women's rights. 26 00:03:27,460 --> 00:03:35,460 Even though human rights were created for every human, did you know that historically women have not had the same rights as men? 27 00:03:35,460 --> 00:03:41,460 Well, in many countries in the past, women couldn't study or choose the job they wanted to do. 28 00:03:41,460 --> 00:03:45,460 They couldn't vote and they didn't have to learn to express their opinion. 29 00:03:45,460 --> 00:03:51,460 But many brave women raised up their voices, worked together and fought for justice to bring change. 30 00:03:51,460 --> 00:03:58,460 Thanks to their efforts and initiatives we have more rights today and they have to be remembered because of their work. 31 00:03:58,460 --> 00:04:04,460 Some examples are Simone de Beauvoir who wrote about gender inequality in France, 32 00:04:04,460 --> 00:04:08,460 Malala Yousafzai who fought for free education in Afghanistan 33 00:04:08,460 --> 00:04:15,460 who is considered the most responsible for achieving women's vote in Spain in 1931, 34 00:04:15,460 --> 00:04:24,769 have changed a lot in the recent decades. 35 00:04:24,769 --> 00:04:27,769 And nowadays we have the same rights protected by law. 36 00:04:27,769 --> 00:04:30,769 Nevertheless, there is still sexism. 37 00:04:30,769 --> 00:04:35,769 That is, that people treat girls as if people less important are only good than boys. 38 00:04:35,769 --> 00:04:38,769 So we must be alert to these situations in America. 39 00:04:38,769 --> 00:04:43,769 For example, we can encourage our friends to do and be whatever they want to be 40 00:04:43,769 --> 00:04:49,689 be no matter what other people say. And if we see some children using language in a stereotypical 41 00:04:49,689 --> 00:04:55,050 way, we should try to make them understand how would they feel if they were treated that way. 42 00:04:55,050 --> 00:05:01,850 In the future, we think that human rights are the key to be able to live in a fair society, 43 00:05:01,850 --> 00:05:06,410 because they let us be free and equal, since they are the same for everybody, 44 00:05:06,410 --> 00:05:12,810 and let us live the way we want to be and respect others. Although there has been a 45 00:05:12,810 --> 00:05:18,449 progress in the last decades, especially in children and women's rights, there is still 46 00:05:18,449 --> 00:05:24,449 a lot of work to do, because in some countries, they still don't respect it. 47 00:05:24,449 --> 00:05:30,990 So, what can we do about this? We can go to peaceful parades, celebrate the special 48 00:05:30,990 --> 00:05:36,569 rights day, learn about rights at school, or talk about it with our family and friends 49 00:05:36,569 --> 00:05:41,970 to encourage them to make use of all these rights. Because when we know better, we do 50 00:05:41,970 --> 00:05:46,970 So let's stand up and start making human rights real for everyone. 51 00:05:46,970 --> 00:05:48,970 Thank you for your attention.