1 00:00:00,960 --> 00:00:07,759 did you know that it takes for the spermatozoa from 62 to 75 days to be formed 2 00:00:10,529 --> 00:00:22,530 or that in each ejaculation man can release for nearly 250 million of spermatozoa and how much 3 00:00:22,530 --> 00:00:30,690 does the spermatozoa take to get to the oven depends on the quality of the spermatozoa 4 00:00:30,690 --> 00:00:39,729 but from 30 minutes until two days. We are going to learn more about the formation of 5 00:00:39,729 --> 00:00:56,929 spermatozoa and the female menstrual cycle. Let's go today with point number five, 6 00:00:56,929 --> 00:01:04,769 status of reproduction. We have learned about the male reproductive system, we have 7 00:01:04,769 --> 00:01:11,409 learn about the female reproductive system, we now need to take them into action for the function 8 00:01:11,409 --> 00:01:19,250 that they need to do and follow the next steps. First of all, gametogenesis. This step is the 9 00:01:19,250 --> 00:01:29,250 formation of gametes. If you remember from last video, gametes were sex cells, ovum and spermatozoa. 10 00:01:29,250 --> 00:01:36,730 Then the ovum and spermatozoon need to get together by the process of fertilization. 11 00:01:36,730 --> 00:01:44,290 When they join, they form the new embryo which is going to be placed inside his or her mother, 12 00:01:44,290 --> 00:01:50,510 which is called gestation, and finally get out of the mother by the process of birth. 13 00:01:50,510 --> 00:01:53,689 We are going to learn about all these stages. 14 00:01:53,689 --> 00:02:00,689 First of all, let's start with the formation of those gametes by the process of gametogenesis 5.1. 15 00:02:00,689 --> 00:02:05,689 We start with the male reproductive system formation of sperm cells. 16 00:02:05,689 --> 00:02:14,689 If you remember, we say that these sperm cells are formed inside the gonads and these gonads in the male are the testicles. 17 00:02:14,689 --> 00:02:22,689 The inner structure of this testicle are these seminiferous tubes in which these cells are formed. 18 00:02:22,689 --> 00:02:31,110 However, these seminiferous tubules, they need some input that says that they need to start producing spermatozoa. 19 00:02:31,449 --> 00:02:33,689 How do they do it? By testosterone. 20 00:02:33,949 --> 00:02:40,629 Testosterone is a hormone which is going to tell to the seminiferous tubule that they need to get started. 21 00:02:40,629 --> 00:02:51,750 If you remember, we say that spermatia was the point in which the boy changes into adulthood 22 00:02:51,750 --> 00:02:54,750 because it has the first ejaculation. 23 00:02:54,750 --> 00:02:58,750 So, we are in the seminiferous tubules and the testosterone comes. 24 00:02:58,750 --> 00:03:03,750 The cells which are in the seminiferous tubules start with the multiplication. 25 00:03:03,750 --> 00:03:09,750 These cells are called spermatogonium, in plural will be spermatogonia. 26 00:03:09,750 --> 00:03:11,750 Spermatogonium divides. 27 00:03:11,750 --> 00:03:15,750 Each cells of this spermatogonium are going to grow 28 00:03:15,750 --> 00:03:19,750 and they are going to change into a different shade, 29 00:03:19,750 --> 00:03:27,349 different organelles inside, so they change into another type of cells, what we call spermatocytes. 30 00:03:27,349 --> 00:03:33,030 In the maturation process, the spermatocyte is going to divide, but it's not a normal cell 31 00:03:33,030 --> 00:03:39,349 division. It's another type of cell division, which is called meiosis. Through this meiosis, 32 00:03:39,349 --> 00:03:47,509 these spermatocytes are going to change into spermatids. Till now, our cells, the spermatogonium, 33 00:03:47,509 --> 00:03:54,310 spermatozoa and spermatids they have the typical round shape that most of the cells have however 34 00:03:54,310 --> 00:03:59,430 in step number four differentiation these spermatids are going to change and are going 35 00:03:59,430 --> 00:04:07,990 to have the typical shape of the spermatozoa with the head with the neck and with the tape that you 36 00:04:07,990 --> 00:04:14,550 should have drawn in your notebook already and now to illustrate all this process you have a very 37 00:04:14,550 --> 00:04:22,389 beautiful drawing in the aula result which you need to reply in your notebook so start tracing 38 00:04:22,389 --> 00:04:30,709 make it beautiful underneath all this information about the female reproductive system and the ova 39 00:04:30,709 --> 00:04:37,029 if you remember we say that all the ova were formed when the girl was in her mother's womb 40 00:04:37,029 --> 00:04:45,910 so think about any girl of the class okay any of you girls have your ova since you were a fetus 41 00:04:45,910 --> 00:04:51,910 inside your mother's womb which is quite amazing so but it's a long long time ago so we are not 42 00:04:51,910 --> 00:04:59,029 going to focus on that of that we're going to focus on what is happening now the ovarian and 43 00:04:59,029 --> 00:05:10,069 menstrual cycle they both are 28 days long however they imply different places of the female 44 00:05:10,069 --> 00:05:15,910 reproductive system the ovarian cycle relates with the changes that happens in the ovary during those 45 00:05:15,910 --> 00:05:22,709 28 days and the menstrual cycle implies the changes to the lining the interior lining of the uterus 46 00:05:22,709 --> 00:05:29,509 the endometrium and how it is prepared in case there is a gestation or in case it is released 47 00:05:29,509 --> 00:05:35,589 in case there is not now you have another beautiful drawing in the elevator with a 48 00:05:35,589 --> 00:05:42,069 lot of information that you need to copy so i want you to have that drawing ready for next 49 00:05:42,069 --> 00:05:48,149 day when we come to class because it's a drawing that is a bit a little bit complicated to 50 00:05:48,149 --> 00:05:54,949 understand, so I would prefer to explain it in class with you in front, so you can ask questions, 51 00:05:54,949 --> 00:06:01,750 but it's very important that you make that drawing today. And that's all for today, see you next day!