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okay good morning to everybody uh how are you doing are you all right well i'm going to tell

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you what we're doing today for social sciences all right so as usual we click on mi clase we

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go to contenido open the book enter in and click on ancient history and we are going to start

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studying the Roman conquest. Last day we were seeing some other civilizations that came to

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the Iberian Peninsula. We're going to find out more about Roma, all right? So, about the Roman

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conquest. Rome was another important civilization in ancient history, okay? One of the most important

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for us because their legacy is huge, all right? It was originated on the Italian peninsula, okay?

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And 200 years before Christ, 218, the Romans began their conquest, conquest, be careful with that

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word conquest of the Iberian Peninsula, all right? But there was a problem because we know already

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that the Carthaginians were there in the peninsula, all right? And they were rivals, they were fighting

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for years and years, okay? And both wanted to control the Mediterranean Sea, all right? So

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they were fighting for many years and as I said the Carthaginians had colonies in the Iberian

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peninsula okay and they wanted to expand themselves to have more land so they started to send armies

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to the peninsula all right so later on in the city of Sagunto, Saguntum that wasn't actually

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Roman but was friendly with the Romans, the Carthaginian general Hannibal attacked Saguntum,

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all right? And there was a siege. Siege is a very important word, siege. What does it mean? That the

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The Carthaginian army would be settled around the city so the people from Sagunto would

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close the walls and try to live as much as possible inside without getting out, okay?

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So normally this siege would last very long, it could be years or months or weeks till

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these people would run out of food or water and surrender.

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So finally Hannibal won and took the control of the city of Sagunto.

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that Hannibal crossed the Alps and attacked the Romans, so they went up to the north, they crossed

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the, what is Catalonia now, the Pyrenees, then went through the Alps and attacked

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Rome, which is Italy now, okay, and as a result of that Romans decided to attack the Iberian

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Peninsula because the all the biggest part of the army were attacking what is Italy now the

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the old Rome from the north and all the army was there so there were very few soldiers left in the

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the Iberian Peninsula so the Romans decided to attack okay so in 218 before

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Christ the Romans invaded the Iberian Peninsula okay and after many battles

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they defeated the Carthaginians okay and now they control the east and south of

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the peninsula okay en español muy rapidamente pues Roma era otra de las

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important civilizations of the ancient age probably the most important and in fact it has left us

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an immense cultural legacy that still persists and we will study it in the next in the

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next sessions the case is that in 218 BC the Romans began their conquest

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conquest and be careful because it is conquest this one is pronounced according to conquest of the

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Iberia of the Iberian peninsula of agreement in all the Romans and the

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Carthaginians were rivals because the two wanted to control the

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Mediterranean because because they were good they were good sailors and good

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merchants then they wanted to control the Mediterranean to go

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quietly around the Mediterranean to trade and conquer

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lands around the Mediterranean what happened that when the Romans

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wanted to conquer the Iberian Peninsula, the Carthaginians were already there. The Carthaginians

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had colonies but they wanted to expand, they wanted to have more colonies still in the south of the

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peninsula and then they sent their armies to control more territory. In this way,

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in 219 BC, in the city of Saguntum, Sagunto today, which is in Valencia,

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north of Valencia, Sagunto was a city that was not Roman, but it did have

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deals with Rome, they were friends of Rome, and then the Carthaginian general

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Hannibal attacked Sagunto, but how did he attack him? He made a sish, a site, a site,

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he besieged Sagunto. What is besieging a city? Well, they put the whole army around

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of the city, the people of Sagunto closed the walls and stayed inside. And what did this consist of?

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Well, the attacking army held out of the castle or out of the city until those

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who were inside ran out of food or ran out of water and had to surrender.

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Before I had said in English the word surrender, which is surrender, okay?

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It is written surrender, surrender, surrender, okay?

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But well, in the end Aníbal won and took control of the city.

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Okay, after that, Aníbal with his army went north, crossed the Pyrenees,

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part of what is now France and they crossed the Alps and began to attack

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Rome from the north, but they sent a large part of their army there, so they left

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their colonies in Spain quite unprotected, so the Romans decided

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invade the Iberian Peninsula and take advantage of the Carthaginians who had

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abandonado la península ibérica para atacarles a ellos y después de muchas

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batallas al final los romanos

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derrotaron the city derrotaron a los cartagineses y tomaron el control del

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sur y el este de la península ibérica ok so was it an easy thing to take the

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Iberian Peninsula? Not at all. At the beginning, the Romans didn't control the

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whole peninsula, okay? So they had to fight different wars against the Celt

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Iberians in there, and it lasted for almost 200 years. We have a very

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important leader that was Viriato, that was the leader of the Lusitanians. The

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Lusitanians was some Celtiberian tribes that they were living on the west of the Iberian peninsula,

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a part of what is now Portugal and a part of Extremadura and Andalucia.

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And they fought against Roman and they won many, they had many victories.

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and Viriato was very famous because he invented the guerrilla wars, okay, the guerrilla wars that

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consisted on hiding in the woods, in the forests, and attack small groups of Romans, and they did

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that because it was not possible for them to go to an open battle with the Romans, that they have

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a huge army they were less people and they were weaker so they decided to do this guerrilla wars

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and because of that they won uh many victories okay but uh viriato was killed in the 139 before

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christ all right but there are there are other examples like the city of numantia numantia that

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was another Celtiberian city and it was seized again, there was another siege by the Roman

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general called Scipio Aemilianus and at the end he won and took control of the city, okay? So the

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Roman conquest ended in the 19th before Christ, okay? So this means that it was almost 200 years

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because they started in the 219 and they finished on the 19th, okay? So pay attention to that, okay?

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because there were many different wars against the Celtiberians.

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One of the most important was Viriato, who was the leader of the Lusitans.

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The Lusitans were some Celtiberian tribes that inhabited the south of Portugal and Andalusia and Extremadura,

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in the west of the Iberian Peninsula.

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And Viriato had quite a few victories against the Romans.

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invented a very important thing, which was the guerrilla war, the guerrilla war.

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Viriato did not have a very powerful army and then it was unthinkable for them to get into an

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open battle with the Romans, who were so well equipped and so well trained, and there were

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many of them. So what Viriato began to do was hide in the forest and every time a

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a small or medium group of Romans, they attacked them and stole what they were

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transporting and whatever. And so he had quite a few victories and became a very powerful enemy

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of Rome. But well, they killed him in 139 BC. Another example of battles between

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the Tiberians and Romans was the site, the site of Numancia, the Siege of Numancia, okay?

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Numancia, which is the name of Numancia, the Roman name or the ancient name of Numancia,

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and General Scipio Emiliano made the site in 134 BC and after the site he ended up winning

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y tomando el control de la ciudad, de tal modo que la conquista romana terminó en el siglo XIX a.C.,

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¿ok? Que si hemos visto que si empezó el tema de Sagunto en el 219 y acabó en el XIX a.C.,

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pues son 200 años, son los 200 años que tenemos aquí que duró.

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Ok, so what activities are we going to do?

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We are going to do activity 3 on the online book, activity 3 on the online book,

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As you have seen, since we have these online books, we are going to do this sort of activities and also the digital activities, but there are different things, ok?

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In this one, we have to just read the sentences and decide which of those two is the right option, ok?

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we have to do this activity in which we have to say what is the good option we read the

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phrase and choose the good one before I had said that you be careful because I am going to send since

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we have the new social book that has the options to do these activities online

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we are also going to do the online activities that are those of the book in this case on page 95 and

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Y luego las digital activities, que es lo que tenemos que hacer después de esta.

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So, after that, we close this, we get into the plus zone, get into digital activities,

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and we do activity three.

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Are these sentences true or false?

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So, we read each sentence and say if it's true or false.

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And activity four, read and match.

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Activity 3 of true or false and Activity 4 of joining with arrows.

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Well, this is all for today.

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A greeting.