1
00:00:01,330 --> 00:00:08,970
Hello everyone, today we are going to start this unit 7 with the title Europe in the age of Carlos Quinto and Felipe II.

2
00:00:10,130 --> 00:00:12,710
So we are going to study the 16th century.

3
00:00:13,830 --> 00:00:21,750
If you remember, we have studied the Catholic monarchs, that they are going to reign at the end of the 15th century and the early 16th century.

4
00:00:22,449 --> 00:00:29,710
So Carlos Quinto is going to be the king that is going to inherit, Castile and Aragon is going to inherit the territories of the Catholic monarchs.

5
00:00:29,710 --> 00:00:46,490
So he's going to be the king that is going to govern at the same time Castile and Aragon and also different territories, not only in Europe, but also in America. Philip II or Philip II is going to be the son of Carlos V and he's going to inherit Carlos V's territories.

6
00:00:46,490 --> 00:00:53,170
Okay? So let's check the index first. What we are going to study today is the Protestant Reformation.

7
00:00:53,829 --> 00:01:00,909
I will explain what it is, and we will begin with this point. We are not going to finish this point in the first class.

8
00:01:01,509 --> 00:01:04,670
The second point is the Religious Wars and Counter-Reformation.

9
00:01:05,150 --> 00:01:12,049
If you check, first you have the Protestant Reformation, and after that is going to be the Counter-Reformation.

10
00:01:12,049 --> 00:01:27,090
It means this religious movement is going to try to change the Catholic Church and, as an answer to this Protestant movement, we are going to have the Counter-Reformation movement.

11
00:01:27,090 --> 00:01:42,090
To sum up, the Protestant Reformation movement wants to change the Catholic Church and the Counter-Reformation is the movement of the Catholic Church in order to preserve the Catholic Church.

12
00:01:42,090 --> 00:01:52,090
We will see these two movements and the difference between them, ok? Because this has been just a brief summary.

13
00:01:52,090 --> 00:02:02,090
The third point is going to be the Spanish Hasbro dynasty. We are going to talk about this new dynasty in Spain and this dynasty is going to start with Carlos Quinto.

14
00:02:02,090 --> 00:02:13,090
Also, apart from the Hasbro dynasty, we are going to study the reign of Carlos Quinto and also the reign of Felipe II.

15
00:02:13,090 --> 00:02:17,810
okay the last point the spanish culture in the 16th century we are not going to study that

16
00:02:17,810 --> 00:02:23,009
okay because you you are going to study this with tema you are going to study this in literature

17
00:02:23,009 --> 00:02:28,689
okay so what we are going to study is these five first points first the protestant reformation and

18
00:02:28,689 --> 00:02:33,729
the counter-reformation this religious problem in europe in the 16th century and after that we are

19
00:02:33,729 --> 00:02:40,449
going to start studying spanish history we are going to study the spanish harper hasbro dynasty

20
00:02:40,449 --> 00:02:43,610
with Carlos Quinto and Felipe II.

21
00:02:44,550 --> 00:02:46,530
So let's begin with the Protestant Reformation.

22
00:02:47,250 --> 00:02:49,650
So the first thing is we need an introduction

23
00:02:49,650 --> 00:02:54,490
in order to understand why this religious movement

24
00:02:54,490 --> 00:02:56,610
is going to spread in Europe

25
00:02:56,610 --> 00:02:59,530
or is going to start in Europe in the 16th century.

26
00:03:00,750 --> 00:03:01,849
So let's see.

27
00:03:02,169 --> 00:03:06,030
First, we need to understand the role of the church

28
00:03:06,030 --> 00:03:07,990
in Europe in the 16th century.

29
00:03:07,990 --> 00:03:12,490
so the main characteristic there are going to be two main characteristics but the first one

30
00:03:12,490 --> 00:03:18,650
is going to be that they have a or the church has a specific social weight it means the society is

31
00:03:18,650 --> 00:03:23,949
going to be a religious society and the church is going to be really important in the society

32
00:03:23,949 --> 00:03:30,669
in the 16th century okay so why is going to be so important the first thing is the church is going

33
00:03:30,669 --> 00:03:37,750
to is related of course with god remember is the institution representing god on earth and everyone

34
00:03:37,750 --> 00:03:40,569
Everyone in Europe is going to believe in God

35
00:03:40,569 --> 00:03:45,949
It means everyone in Europe is going to explain their lives

36
00:03:45,949 --> 00:03:51,430
They are going to explain everything based on their beliefs in God

37
00:03:51,430 --> 00:03:55,710
So it means, you know that we have studied humanism

38
00:03:55,710 --> 00:03:57,229
We have studied renaissance

39
00:03:57,229 --> 00:04:02,509
These two movements are against explaining the world

40
00:04:02,509 --> 00:04:05,169
Or explaining nature based on God

41
00:04:05,169 --> 00:04:07,370
Or explaining our lives based on God

42
00:04:07,370 --> 00:04:15,870
however however most of the population are going to believe in god okay remember renaissance and

43
00:04:15,870 --> 00:04:23,790
humanism is going to be an intellectual movement it means it's just for a minority of the population

44
00:04:23,790 --> 00:04:28,889
okay those that they are intellectuals but most of the population it means peasants it means

45
00:04:28,889 --> 00:04:35,709
clergy it means nobility also the king are going to believe in god okay so thanks to that as you

46
00:04:35,709 --> 00:04:41,209
are believing in god the church is going to have a specific social weight it means in the society

47
00:04:41,209 --> 00:04:46,050
the church is really important because everyone is believing in god so that the church is really

48
00:04:46,050 --> 00:04:53,370
important because represents gods in on earth okay remember the priest the pope etc second the culture

49
00:04:53,370 --> 00:04:59,910
the culture in europe is going to be deeply influenced by religion it means everything we

50
00:04:59,910 --> 00:05:06,629
are going to produce everything we are going to what we want to explain is going to be related

51
00:05:06,629 --> 00:05:13,050
with religion for example the king is the king because it has been chosen by god so thanks we

52
00:05:13,050 --> 00:05:21,449
believe in god okay we are going to believe that the king has is must be the king okay imagine i

53
00:05:21,449 --> 00:05:27,209
don't know someone from the class imagine huanga is the the king of of our class and he is going

54
00:05:27,209 --> 00:05:31,589
to say okay I'm going to be the king of our class because I have been chosen by

55
00:05:31,589 --> 00:05:36,750
God so we are going to believe that because we believe in God so our culture

56
00:05:36,750 --> 00:05:42,029
okay for example our artistic productions are going to be based or

57
00:05:42,029 --> 00:05:48,110
they are going to be have and religious influence if you check David is related

58
00:05:48,110 --> 00:05:53,970
with a part with a story related with in the Bible or explain the Bible we are

59
00:05:53,970 --> 00:05:58,170
going to have Jesus Christ, Jesus Christ, Jesus Christ and also the Virgin Mary.

60
00:05:58,170 --> 00:06:03,850
Remember this is Gothic art but this is early Renaissance and this is

61
00:06:03,850 --> 00:06:08,790
Manierism. So we are talking about productions related with the 15th

62
00:06:08,790 --> 00:06:13,889
16th century and all of them are representing the human bodies, all of

63
00:06:13,889 --> 00:06:19,310
them are representing religious themes. So the culture in the 16th century is

64
00:06:19,310 --> 00:06:25,009
it's basically religious, it's basically related with religion so that the church is really

65
00:06:25,009 --> 00:06:29,529
important because the church, we all believe in God so the church is important because of that

66
00:06:29,529 --> 00:06:37,709
and also our culture is related to religion, okay? So, our culture is basically religious.

67
00:06:40,019 --> 00:06:47,500
And finally, you need to understand that as the church has an important social weight,

68
00:06:47,500 --> 00:06:54,600
okay every town and city is going to have a church or cathedral so if you if you check to this if you

69
00:06:54,600 --> 00:07:00,339
check this picture you see here so two villages okay and what you are going to see the most

70
00:07:00,339 --> 00:07:06,540
important building the one that is higher the one that is bigger is going to be this the church

71
00:07:06,540 --> 00:07:12,819
okay both of them has the church as the main important building and also is going to be in

72
00:07:12,819 --> 00:07:19,139
center. If you remember from II Ephesos, we were talking about the important role of the church

73
00:07:19,139 --> 00:07:25,779
as a building in the city. Remember the bells, remember that there are different ways to make

74
00:07:25,779 --> 00:07:34,100
them ring and they are going to give information to the population. For example, they are going to

75
00:07:34,100 --> 00:07:40,339
use the bells in one way, ringing in one way, in order to say okay there is a fire in the city,

76
00:07:40,339 --> 00:07:45,699
there is a fire in the village or they can use the bells for example to notice the population

77
00:07:45,699 --> 00:07:52,259
there has been a someone has that how was someone has someone is dead okay

78
00:07:53,699 --> 00:07:59,540
so remember the church is really important it's going to be in the center of the city in the on

79
00:07:59,540 --> 00:08:06,420
the villages or or towns and they are the most important belief because they are the highest one

80
00:08:06,420 --> 00:08:08,959
and they are the bigger one, ok?

81
00:08:09,139 --> 00:08:17,139
So if you look at this landscape, the most important building is going to be the church.

82
00:08:17,240 --> 00:08:23,500
You can notice it because all the other buildings or the other houses are smaller than the church.

83
00:08:24,579 --> 00:08:27,860
So apart from this, apart from this social weight,

84
00:08:28,040 --> 00:08:34,460
you need to remember that the church, the clergy, is part of the privileged group,

85
00:08:34,460 --> 00:08:36,460
is a privileged institution, okay?

86
00:08:36,799 --> 00:08:41,620
So the clergy is going to be part of this privileged social group.

87
00:08:41,980 --> 00:08:45,340
Thanks to that, for example, they do not pay taxes, okay?

88
00:08:45,919 --> 00:08:49,240
So the church is a privileged institution, they do not pay taxes,

89
00:08:49,240 --> 00:08:54,600
but also they are going to collect specific religious taxes, okay?

90
00:08:54,899 --> 00:09:00,080
So they do not pay taxes, but they make others, the serfs,

91
00:09:00,240 --> 00:09:04,240
they make the unprivileged people to pay some taxes to them.

92
00:09:04,460 --> 00:09:22,440
Why these people are going to pay some taxes to the church? Because the church is really important, it has a social weight, everyone believes in God, our culture is influenced by religion, and, remember, it's the most important building in the city.

93
00:09:22,440 --> 00:09:45,279
Okay, so these are the five different incomes or the five different taxes or the different incomes of the church. We saw this last year. We saw this in second of ESO. Okay, remember the church can get money, okay, can acquire, can get money from renting houses.

94
00:09:45,279 --> 00:09:50,259
Remember, the church is going to be wealthy enough to have houses to rent or buildings to rent.

95
00:09:51,080 --> 00:09:53,700
Second, the donations of the population.

96
00:09:54,139 --> 00:09:57,559
I'm going to die, I feel I'm going to die, I'm going to write on my will

97
00:09:57,559 --> 00:10:01,500
that I will leave all my possessions to the church.

98
00:10:01,840 --> 00:10:04,899
So the church is going to be wealthy thanks to the donations

99
00:10:04,899 --> 00:10:09,000
and also thanks to the products that they are going to produce.

100
00:10:09,740 --> 00:10:14,879
If they have most of the lands, they are going to produce agricultural products,

101
00:10:14,879 --> 00:10:20,240
They are going to produce, I don't know, honey, for example, or they can produce different products.

102
00:10:20,600 --> 00:10:31,019
Remember, if you go nowadays to a convent or a monastery, you can buy different, I don't know, sweets or other products.

103
00:10:31,379 --> 00:10:32,299
So that's the idea.

104
00:10:32,480 --> 00:10:34,379
They are going to sell different products.

105
00:10:34,759 --> 00:10:36,279
They are going to obtain donations.

106
00:10:36,740 --> 00:10:39,779
They can get money by renting the houses they own.

107
00:10:40,139 --> 00:10:42,240
And there are two others.

108
00:10:42,240 --> 00:10:44,100
The first one are the manorial rights.

109
00:10:44,879 --> 00:10:55,279
Remember, clergy are landlords, remember, clergy are feudal lords, so they are going

110
00:10:55,279 --> 00:11:02,720
to control a piece of land and they are going to have peasants working those lands, so thanks

111
00:11:02,720 --> 00:11:09,120
to that they are going to obtain part of the yield that these peasants are producing.

112
00:11:09,120 --> 00:11:15,080
It means, imagine, I don't know, Diego, Diego is a cardinal, Diego is a cardinal, Diego

113
00:11:15,080 --> 00:11:24,419
has a lot of lands, imagine he has a huge piece of land, and he is the feudal lord of

114
00:11:24,419 --> 00:11:29,759
this land, so this Diego, that is a cardinal, is going to have peasants as serfs that they

115
00:11:29,759 --> 00:11:31,019
are going to work their lands.

116
00:11:31,840 --> 00:11:36,559
So thanks to that, thanks to this relation between the serf and the landlord, between

117
00:11:36,559 --> 00:11:42,100
the serf and the feudal lord, in this case it's a cardinal, it's Diego, okay, this serf,

118
00:11:42,279 --> 00:11:48,000
this peasant, must give to Diego, to the cardinal, part of the production, part of the yield,

119
00:11:48,000 --> 00:11:56,039
okay? The last one, the last income, is the tithe. The tithe is the most important one

120
00:11:56,039 --> 00:12:03,820
because means all the unprivileged people, everyone, must give to the church, to the

121
00:12:03,820 --> 00:12:11,879
clergy the 10% of the harvest. It means, if you are a peasant, you are not a serf, but

122
00:12:11,879 --> 00:12:19,059
you are a peasant, or you are a serf, or you are, I don't know, someone that has lands

123
00:12:19,059 --> 00:12:26,759
and produce part of the lands, produce something from these lands, you must give 10% of the

124
00:12:26,759 --> 00:12:32,840
harvest to the clergy. Of course, if you are a noble, you do not pay the tithe. Why? Because

125
00:12:32,840 --> 00:12:39,759
you are privileged so you do not pay taxes these five ways to get the incomes are the religious

126
00:12:39,759 --> 00:12:46,019
taxes okay the manorial rights and the tithe are the most important ones remember the tithe is 10%

127
00:12:46,019 --> 00:12:53,019
of the harvest must be given to the clergy to the church so the church is getting money from

128
00:12:53,019 --> 00:13:02,080
donations renting houses selling products manorial rights and finally the tithe so it means they are

129
00:13:02,080 --> 00:13:07,960
going to own most of the land and they are really wealthy okay so if we look

130
00:13:07,960 --> 00:13:12,519
imagine we are going to we go to the 16th century what we are going to see is

131
00:13:12,519 --> 00:13:16,919
the church as a powerful institution because they have an important social

132
00:13:16,919 --> 00:13:22,419
weight thanks to everyone believes in God on the culture that is religious and

133
00:13:22,419 --> 00:13:28,899
finally because they are going to get a lot of money out of taxes because they

134
00:13:28,899 --> 00:13:35,860
are not losing money paying taxes and because they own most of the land. So

135
00:13:35,860 --> 00:13:41,440
keep this idea in mind, keep this idea, keep this picture of the church in the

136
00:13:41,440 --> 00:13:47,080
16th century. Now we are going to talk about the Reformation. The first thing is

137
00:13:47,080 --> 00:13:52,659
to read the definition. So the Reformation was a religious movement

138
00:13:52,659 --> 00:13:57,340
which began in the first half of the 16th century. This movement provoked the

139
00:13:57,340 --> 00:14:03,159
division splits the Christian church in two branches or more than two

140
00:14:03,159 --> 00:14:09,519
so Protestant churches appear, it means this reformation, this religious

141
00:14:09,519 --> 00:14:14,679
movement is going to appear inside the church, the Catholic Church, this

142
00:14:14,679 --> 00:14:19,720
religious movement wants to change some characteristics of the church because

143
00:14:19,720 --> 00:14:26,200
they believe it is not right and what they are going to provoke is this

144
00:14:26,200 --> 00:14:30,299
division inside the church, the ones that they are going to support the

145
00:14:30,299 --> 00:14:34,639
Reformation, that they are going to create their own churches known as

146
00:14:34,639 --> 00:14:40,480
Protestant churches, and those that they are going to support the Catholic Church

147
00:14:40,480 --> 00:14:45,580
and they are going to carry out the Counter-Reformation, remember from the

148
00:14:45,580 --> 00:14:51,799
index the Counter-Reformation. So the idea is there is going to be a priest or

149
00:14:51,799 --> 00:14:58,039
more than one, that they are going to analyze the situation of the

150
00:14:58,039 --> 00:15:01,379
church. Remember all these characteristics. We are going to see more

151
00:15:01,379 --> 00:15:05,940
characteristics now. And thanks to these characteristics, thanks to this situation,

152
00:15:05,940 --> 00:15:11,620
these priests are not going to be in favor of this, so they are going to

153
00:15:11,620 --> 00:15:17,399
criticize the church. Thanks to this critic, what we are going to have is

154
00:15:17,399 --> 00:15:21,620
the division of the Christian Church in two branches, mainly in two

155
00:15:21,620 --> 00:15:25,519
branches, there are going to be more. In one side there are going to be the ones

156
00:15:25,519 --> 00:15:28,940
that support the Reformation, that they are going to create the Protestant

157
00:15:28,940 --> 00:15:34,440
churches. In the other side there are going to be the supporters of the

158
00:15:34,440 --> 00:15:40,500
Catholic Church, that they are going to carry out the

159
00:15:40,500 --> 00:15:44,500
Counter-Reformation. We are going to explain both the Reformation and the

160
00:15:44,500 --> 00:15:50,679
Counter-Reformation, but now I want to see the causes, why they are going to

161
00:15:50,679 --> 00:15:57,759
criticize the Church, the Catholic Church. So let's see the five main causes

162
00:15:57,759 --> 00:16:02,740
of this reformation, of this critic to the Catholic Church.

163
00:16:02,740 --> 00:16:08,799
The first one is that the Low Clergy's lack of

164
00:16:08,799 --> 00:16:13,659
training. It means the Low Clergy, that they are the poor part of the Clergy,

165
00:16:13,659 --> 00:16:18,519
that they are in the small churches, they are going to be, most of

166
00:16:18,519 --> 00:16:23,080
them are going to be illiterate it means they do not know how to write or how to

167
00:16:23,080 --> 00:16:29,620
read so there is a problem because if the law clergy do not know or do not

168
00:16:29,620 --> 00:16:34,639
know how to read how they are going to read the Bible for example okay or how

169
00:16:34,639 --> 00:16:39,399
they how they are going to know how to behave properly so what we are going to

170
00:16:39,399 --> 00:16:43,059
find is the law clergy is not going to behave properly they are not going to

171
00:16:43,059 --> 00:16:51,299
follow the dogma. For example, they could have babies. Maybe. And they are going to

172
00:16:51,299 --> 00:17:06,559
be illiterate. They do not know, for example, how to read or how to write. The second one

173
00:17:06,559 --> 00:17:12,559
is the bad example of the high clergy. Why this? The cardinals are going to be wealthy.

174
00:17:12,559 --> 00:17:18,380
and also they are not going to respect the customs or morals that they are preaching

175
00:17:18,380 --> 00:17:21,440
preaching is to tell others to do something

176
00:17:21,440 --> 00:17:23,519
it means, imagine they are preaching

177
00:17:23,519 --> 00:17:27,980
for example, during Easter, during Semana Santa

178
00:17:27,980 --> 00:17:29,140
you cannot eat meat

179
00:17:29,140 --> 00:17:33,259
it's a dogma, part of the dogma

180
00:17:33,259 --> 00:17:36,140
ok, everyone is not going to eat meat

181
00:17:36,140 --> 00:17:38,099
but maybe they are eating meat

182
00:17:38,099 --> 00:17:41,140
they are going to say, ok, I'm powerful

183
00:17:41,140 --> 00:17:49,599
i have money i'm a cardinal so they are not going to be respecting the customs or dogmas

184
00:17:49,599 --> 00:18:00,200
of the catholic faith so these are two causes these are two reasons for the reformation to

185
00:18:00,200 --> 00:18:06,900
appear for this priest this religious movement to appear and criticize the catholic church the

186
00:18:06,900 --> 00:18:08,799
The third one is the church wealth.

187
00:18:08,799 --> 00:18:14,799
They are going to say, okay, Jesus Christ wasn't rich, why we are rich?

188
00:18:14,799 --> 00:18:20,799
And also why we are getting money out of the humble population, out of the poor population.

189
00:18:20,799 --> 00:18:27,180
So it doesn't make any sense if you are Catholic to get money out of the poor people.

190
00:18:27,180 --> 00:18:31,059
So they are going to start this movement, this religious movement also criticizes that

191
00:18:31,059 --> 00:18:37,960
the church wealth the church having money and also obtaining this money from these taxes

192
00:18:37,960 --> 00:18:46,079
paid by the humble people the poor people there are two more okay remember this remember these

193
00:18:46,079 --> 00:18:52,680
images this is san peter okay in the vatican city this was built in the 16th century this in the

194
00:18:52,680 --> 00:18:59,359
17th century how they are going to build this pain they need a lot of money to build all of this

195
00:18:59,359 --> 00:19:05,420
so they are going to obtain this money out of this taxes, out of the incomes we

196
00:19:05,420 --> 00:19:13,339
have explained in the slide before, in the previous slide. So let's see,

197
00:19:13,339 --> 00:19:18,720
there are other options, there are other causes for this religious movement to

198
00:19:18,720 --> 00:19:24,019
appear, buying and selling ecclesiastical possessions, it

199
00:19:24,019 --> 00:19:30,680
means as they have money they can buy different houses or buildings etc and

200
00:19:30,680 --> 00:19:36,619
they can obtain money by selling these buildings so the idea is to have this

201
00:19:36,619 --> 00:19:42,559
power to be wealthy to have the power to buy and sell possessions that they are

202
00:19:42,559 --> 00:19:48,200
going to be really expensive is another reason for this religious movement the

203
00:19:48,200 --> 00:19:55,960
Reformation to appear in the 16th century. Finally, the last cause is the sale of indulgences.

204
00:19:57,079 --> 00:20:02,039
What is an indulgence? An indulgence, I have explained this already in class,

205
00:20:03,079 --> 00:20:11,799
is just a paper letting one person not to follow the dogma. For example,

206
00:20:11,799 --> 00:20:14,240
imagine, I don't know, Marina

207
00:20:14,240 --> 00:20:15,440
Marina is really rich

208
00:20:15,440 --> 00:20:16,279
Marina

209
00:20:16,279 --> 00:20:19,559
is part of the nobility

210
00:20:19,559 --> 00:20:22,019
and I don't know, fish attaches

211
00:20:22,019 --> 00:20:22,579
ok

212
00:20:22,579 --> 00:20:25,980
and during Semana Santa

213
00:20:25,980 --> 00:20:28,140
she doesn't want to

214
00:20:28,140 --> 00:20:30,099
eat meat, so she is

215
00:20:30,099 --> 00:20:32,079
going to pay to a cardinal or the

216
00:20:32,079 --> 00:20:34,519
priest, or a priest, or a

217
00:20:34,519 --> 00:20:36,400
clergy, ok, to obtain

218
00:20:36,400 --> 00:20:37,859
this indulgence

219
00:20:37,859 --> 00:20:39,440
this indulgence is

220
00:20:39,440 --> 00:20:41,599
a paper, a document

221
00:20:41,599 --> 00:20:43,880
signed by the Cardinal

222
00:20:43,880 --> 00:20:45,180
saying

223
00:20:45,180 --> 00:20:47,299
this person, Marina

224
00:20:47,299 --> 00:20:49,420
can eat meat during

225
00:20:49,420 --> 00:20:51,079
Semana Santa

226
00:20:51,079 --> 00:20:53,779
to eat meat during Semana Santa

227
00:20:53,779 --> 00:20:54,460
is a sin

228
00:20:54,460 --> 00:20:57,660
but this sin is going to be forgiven

229
00:20:57,660 --> 00:20:59,880
by this

230
00:20:59,880 --> 00:21:00,660
indulgence

231
00:21:00,660 --> 00:21:03,640
so this religious movement

232
00:21:03,640 --> 00:21:04,980
is going to criticize

233
00:21:04,980 --> 00:21:06,359
the church

234
00:21:06,359 --> 00:21:09,519
for selling these documents

235
00:21:09,519 --> 00:21:11,140
letting people

236
00:21:11,140 --> 00:21:12,400
to sin

237
00:21:12,400 --> 00:21:13,299
ok

238
00:21:13,299 --> 00:21:15,319
so that's the idea

239
00:21:15,319 --> 00:21:16,859
these five

240
00:21:16,859 --> 00:21:18,619
are going to be

241
00:21:18,619 --> 00:21:19,539
the causes

242
00:21:19,539 --> 00:21:20,119
ok

243
00:21:20,119 --> 00:21:21,299
the reasons why

244
00:21:21,299 --> 00:21:23,160
this religious movement

245
00:21:23,160 --> 00:21:24,319
is going to appear

246
00:21:24,319 --> 00:21:25,579
in the 16th century

247
00:21:25,579 --> 00:21:26,099
saying

248
00:21:26,099 --> 00:21:26,519
ok

249
00:21:26,519 --> 00:21:28,059
the catholic church

250
00:21:28,059 --> 00:21:29,299
must change

251
00:21:29,299 --> 00:21:30,480
these characteristics

252
00:21:30,480 --> 00:21:31,279
because

253
00:21:31,279 --> 00:21:32,500
this is not

254
00:21:32,500 --> 00:21:33,240
to follow

255
00:21:33,240 --> 00:21:34,460
the dogma

256
00:21:34,460 --> 00:21:35,240
established by

257
00:21:35,240 --> 00:21:35,960
Jesus Christ

258
00:21:35,960 --> 00:21:37,119
ok

259
00:21:37,119 --> 00:21:38,119
you understand

260
00:21:38,119 --> 00:21:39,180
this

261
00:21:39,180 --> 00:21:40,079
ok