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Muchas gracias.

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Bueno, pues para finalizar esta parte de inauguración institucional

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tiene la palabra el rector de la Universidad de Nebrija,

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don José Muñiz Fernández.

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Buenas tardes.

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Muitas gracias por invitarme a participar en este Congreso.

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Sempre pasaba Camino da Autónoma e veía este sitio,

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pero nunca había entrado e estoy verdaderamente impresionado

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por o tamanho e por as cosas que hay aquí.

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Bueno, yo lo primero es dar la enhorabuena a la Comunidad de Madrid

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e ao Instituto Madrileño de Innovación Educativa

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por organizar este evento, porque es una excelente idea.

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E, desde luego, dar la sincera enhorabuena a los organizadores

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que han logrado en poco tiempo poner esto a funcionar.

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Así que mi más sincera enhorabuena.

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Es un programa sumamente atractivo.

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A uno, como profesor, le apetece, prácticamente,

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matricularse en cada cosa.

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Así que espero que aprendáis muchísimo

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e que disfrutéis con ello.

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Como sabéis, mellor que yo,

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nada se aprende se no se disfruta.

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O aparato cognitivo non funciona

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sen o aceite das emocións,

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seno se gripa en términos automovilísticos.

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Bueno, tamén gracias por invitar a Nebrija,

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a nosa universidade.

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Somos uns fans da tecnologia.

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E non por ser modernos,

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seno porque entendemos filosóficamente

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que os humanos o son junto con a tecnologia.

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É de sempre, non é desde agora.

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E así que le damos unha grandísima prioridade.

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Nós temos uns 14.000 estudiantes

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e máis da metade funcionan on-line.

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Digo on-line por resumir.

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Non existe o on-line e o presencial.

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Já estamos ante algo borroso,

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no qual aprovechamos o mellor de unho e de outro.

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Desa dicotomía, va desmanecéndose

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e va desaparecendo cada vez máis.

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É que aprovechar as ventajas de unho e de outro.

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E, nese sentido, temos moita experiencia.

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É Cristina Villalonga,

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que é a nosa directora de Educación Tecnológica.

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Espero que disfrutéis dela.

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Té toda a información sobre iso que podo dar.

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Aprovecho para fazer unha cuña de marketing.

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Como este ano estamos celebrando

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o quinto centenario da morte de Nebrija,

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de Elia Antonio de Nebrija,

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temos feito moitos actos,

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pero vos aconsejo ver,

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e veréis por que o digo,

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a exposición que tenemos na Biblioteca Nacional

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e a parte dos documentos,

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a primeira gramática, etc.

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Allí podréis observar

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unha parte tamén é feita en Metaverso,

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onde se pode ver a Nebrija conversando

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con a Reina Isabel e con Cristóbal Colón.

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É que aplicamos e esperamos tamén

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de esa maneira atraer a xente máis joven

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á exposición,

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que non só estén interesados en incunables, etc.

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Bueno, que podo dicir aquí

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despois das palabras que he ouído

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e do que está dicendo?

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Moito pouco.

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Vamos a ver, intelectualmente,

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a conexión entre a tecnologia e o humano

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é unha obviedade.

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Os humanos, lomos sapiens,

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llevan o circuito uns 200.000 anos

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e non se entende sense a tecnologia.

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Os antropólogos, Leslie White, por exemplo,

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entre outros,

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já dixeron nos anos 40,

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que a cultura é a variável dependente

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e a tecnologia a independente.

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Non existe o homen sem tecnologia.

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Cando digo homen, obviamente,

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me refiro á moza.

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E a historia da humanidade

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é unha historia dos avances tecnológicos.

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O imagináis o avance que supuso unha vasija?

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Poder alejarte da fonte.

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O avance que supuso,

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por tanto,

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já non digo a escritura,

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já non digo a roda,

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o fogo,

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por suposto,

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o tecido.

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Milas de avances.

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O ojal,

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a aguja.

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Citaría milas de tecnologías.

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Entón, a pergunta,

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desde o ponto de vista

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así un pouco filosófico, é

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e que pasa?

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Que a tecnologia,

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as novas tecnologías,

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habéis citado a dígital,

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poderíamos citar nanotecnología,

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blockchains,

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computación cuántica,

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muitas outras.

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O que é?

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Añaden algo diferencial

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a lo que já sabemos.

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Até agora, os humanos

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sempre nos hemos beneficiado

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da psicología,

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desculpe, da tecnología,

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e nos hemos cambiado.

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Non somos os mesmos.

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Así de simple.

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Entón, a reflexión é

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e que?

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Que té o digital

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que non tivesse

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que non tivesse

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o fogo,

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as outras revoluciones tecnológicas que habido?

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É un tema para fazer un ensayo moi bonito,

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que se pode proponer aos estudiantes.

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Eu diría

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que seria a unipresencia,

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a universalidade

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e a rapidez.

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Pero nada máis,

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esencialmente,

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conceptualmente,

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intelectualmente,

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nada máis.

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E, bueno,

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a ver se esas características

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introducen algo diferencial, non?

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Diso se pode estudiar.

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Eu, o primeiro que diría é

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sem medo.

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Somos humanos

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porque hemos sabido manejar a tecnologia.

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Nos chega unha nova,

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ningún problema.

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Hay que domarla,

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hay que ajustarla,

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como já se ha dito aquí.

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Hay que revertirla

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en nuestro favor.

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Esta, o que pasa é que é un pouco

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complicada, non?

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Pero os nosos grandes filósofos

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ten un libro precioso,

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Julián Marías,

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en 1985,

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Cara y cruz de la electrónica.

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Entón se chamaba así,

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é do año 85.

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Fijaos, non había visto.

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E ten unhas reflexiones preciosas

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sobre

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o que é a cara y cruz

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da tecnologia,

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en general, non?

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O que pasa é que agora

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o silicio vem con forza.

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Nós,

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modestos carbono e agua,

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nos vemos agora

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competindo con o silicio.

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Primeiro que hay que hacer é reconocer a guerra.

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E é un enemigo

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difícil de batir.

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Claramente, o silicio

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é rápido,

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procesa con muchísima rapidez,

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pero ten unha desventaja

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grandísima.

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Por agora,

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non llora,

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non sente,

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non ríe.

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Cuidado.

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Iso é moi humano.

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Aí sacamos muchísima

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ventaja.

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Os algoritmos

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aún non lloran.

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Cuidao cando lloren.

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Cuidao cando se rían.

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Aí empezará a coisa a peligrar.

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Por agora non hai peligro.

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Están todavía

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moi atrasados, evidentemente, non?

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Esa é a clave.

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Mira por onde

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o máis básico do humano

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é o que nos salvará.

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Non nos salvará

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a rapidez do cálculo.

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Nos salvarán

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as emocións,

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os sentimientos,

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os instintos.

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Já digo,

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o humanismo.

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Iso nos salvará.

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E por aí, por esa beta,

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non nos equivoquemos, non?

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Marco Aurelio,

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que era un sábio,

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e cando peleaba

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contra os bárbaros

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aí ao lado do ring,

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e escribía as súas famosas memórias,

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que hoxe son bestseller,

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já dizia

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a primeira maneira

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de vencerlos

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é non parecerse a eles.

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Se refería aos bárbaros.

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Eu os digo do silicio.

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A primeira maneira de vencerlo

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é non parecerse a eles.

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Iso é moi importante.

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Está cheio de livros

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sobre a hipótese

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da singularidade.

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Chegaremos a fundirmos

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o silicio e o carbono

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en uno diferente?

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Non o sei.

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Nadie o sabe.

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Hai apóstoles

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da singularidade.

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Seremos o último sapiens?

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Já hai livros sobre...

240
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Somos o último sapiens

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tal como o conhecemos.

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Pois non o sei.

243
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O que si sei é que

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os nosos estudiantes,

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os vosos,

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que son a generación alfa,

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já non son milenias,

248
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já non son generación zeta,

249
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son a chamada generación alfa,

250
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nascidos depois de 2010.

251
00:08:33,000 --> 00:08:36,000
Sí que son raros já.

252
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Non saben o que é o FAS,

253
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non falam por teléfono,

254
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non ven a tele,

255
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todo o que está en unha página web

256
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non existe,

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son un pouco

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fonosapiens realmente.

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Estas novas

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já están montando a fonosapias.

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Son,

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por utilizar a terminologia famosa

263
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do gran psicólogo Marino Pérez,

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son individuos flotantes.

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Bueno,

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és a que tenéis que enseñar,

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a que estamos enseñando.

268
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Non caigáis

269
00:09:14,000 --> 00:09:17,000
en a banalidade

270
00:09:17,000 --> 00:09:20,000
de poner mala cara,

271
00:09:20,000 --> 00:09:22,000
de quejarse deles.

272
00:09:22,000 --> 00:09:24,000
Isto é un clásico dos profesores.

273
00:09:24,000 --> 00:09:25,000
Non os imagineis

274
00:09:25,000 --> 00:09:26,000
Platón e Aristóteles

275
00:09:26,000 --> 00:09:28,000
se quejaban da juventude de medo.

276
00:09:28,000 --> 00:09:29,000
Non saben nada,

277
00:09:29,000 --> 00:09:30,000
non se enteran,

278
00:09:30,000 --> 00:09:32,000
non facemos carreira deles.

279
00:09:32,000 --> 00:09:33,000
Non caigáis.

280
00:09:33,000 --> 00:09:34,000
Isto é antiestético,

281
00:09:34,000 --> 00:09:35,000
sobre todo.

282
00:09:35,000 --> 00:09:37,000
Lo tenemos proibido.

283
00:09:37,000 --> 00:09:38,000
É o que hai.

284
00:09:38,000 --> 00:09:40,000
E non hai ningún problema.

285
00:09:40,000 --> 00:09:42,000
Non son peores ni mellores,

286
00:09:42,000 --> 00:09:43,000
non son distintos.

287
00:09:43,000 --> 00:09:44,000
Esta é a clave do assunto.

288
00:09:44,000 --> 00:09:45,000
Hai que atacarlo con optimismo

289
00:09:45,000 --> 00:09:46,000
e con ganas.

290
00:09:46,000 --> 00:09:48,000
Ten sus vantajas.

291
00:09:48,000 --> 00:09:50,000
Isto de que non se sienten en el salón

292
00:09:50,000 --> 00:09:51,000
a ver la tele,

293
00:09:51,000 --> 00:09:52,000
este tipo de cosas,

294
00:09:52,000 --> 00:09:54,000
hai que asumirlas rapidamente.

295
00:09:54,000 --> 00:09:55,000
Así que,

296
00:09:55,000 --> 00:09:56,000
sin problema.

297
00:09:56,000 --> 00:09:57,000
Todo o mundo,

298
00:09:57,000 --> 00:09:59,000
un fantasma recorre o mundo,

299
00:09:59,000 --> 00:10:00,000
non?

300
00:10:00,000 --> 00:10:01,000
Por,

301
00:10:01,000 --> 00:10:02,000
por,

302
00:10:02,000 --> 00:10:03,000
digamos,

303
00:10:03,000 --> 00:10:05,000
parafrasear al clásico.

304
00:10:05,000 --> 00:10:06,000
Agora,

305
00:10:06,000 --> 00:10:07,000
me imagino

306
00:10:07,000 --> 00:10:08,000
que habréis hablado aquí

307
00:10:08,000 --> 00:10:09,000
continuamente

308
00:10:09,000 --> 00:10:11,000
del chat GPT,

309
00:10:12,000 --> 00:10:13,000
Bueno,

310
00:10:13,000 --> 00:10:14,000
cando eu estaba pensando

311
00:10:14,000 --> 00:10:15,000
o que vos dizer,

312
00:10:15,000 --> 00:10:16,000
digo,

313
00:10:16,000 --> 00:10:17,000
oi,

314
00:10:17,000 --> 00:10:18,000
vou perguntarle a este hombre

315
00:10:18,000 --> 00:10:19,000
ou mulher,

316
00:10:19,000 --> 00:10:20,000
non sei o que é,

317
00:10:21,000 --> 00:10:22,000
que me diga

318
00:10:22,000 --> 00:10:23,000
como pensa

319
00:10:23,000 --> 00:10:24,000
o chat GPT-3

320
00:10:25,000 --> 00:10:26,000
acerca de

321
00:10:26,000 --> 00:10:27,000
novas tecnologías

322
00:10:27,000 --> 00:10:28,000
e educación.

323
00:10:29,000 --> 00:10:30,000
Bueno,

324
00:10:30,000 --> 00:10:32,000
cito textualmente

325
00:10:32,000 --> 00:10:34,000
o que me contestou,

326
00:10:34,000 --> 00:10:36,000
nada más meter en la cuadrícula

327
00:10:36,000 --> 00:10:37,000
a pregunta.

328
00:10:37,000 --> 00:10:39,000
Non reflexionou nada.

329
00:10:39,000 --> 00:10:40,000
Iba contestando

330
00:10:40,000 --> 00:10:41,000
automáticamente

331
00:10:41,000 --> 00:10:43,000
tras fazer a pergunta.

332
00:10:44,000 --> 00:10:45,000
Non,

333
00:10:45,000 --> 00:10:46,000
non os vou ler entero

334
00:10:46,000 --> 00:10:47,000
para non desanimaros.

335
00:10:47,000 --> 00:10:48,000
Pero,

336
00:10:48,000 --> 00:10:49,000
empeza así.

337
00:10:49,000 --> 00:10:50,000
As novas tecnologías

338
00:10:50,000 --> 00:10:51,000
han transformado

339
00:10:51,000 --> 00:10:52,000
a educación

340
00:10:52,000 --> 00:10:53,000
de moitas maneiras

341
00:10:53,000 --> 00:10:54,000
nos últimos anos.

342
00:10:54,000 --> 00:10:55,000
Algunos exemplos

343
00:10:55,000 --> 00:10:56,000
incluyen

344
00:10:56,000 --> 00:10:57,000
acceso a información.

345
00:10:57,000 --> 00:10:58,000
As novas tecnologías

346
00:10:58,000 --> 00:10:59,000
han feito posible

347
00:10:59,000 --> 00:11:00,000
que os estudiantes

348
00:11:00,000 --> 00:11:01,000
accedan

349
00:11:01,000 --> 00:11:02,000
a unha cantidad

350
00:11:02,000 --> 00:11:03,000
casi infinita de información

351
00:11:03,000 --> 00:11:04,000
através de internet,

352
00:11:04,000 --> 00:11:05,000
o que les permite

353
00:11:05,000 --> 00:11:06,000
aprender sobre

354
00:11:06,000 --> 00:11:07,000
unha amplia variedade

355
00:11:07,000 --> 00:11:08,000
de temas

356
00:11:08,000 --> 00:11:09,000
e acceder a recursos

357
00:11:09,000 --> 00:11:10,000
educativos

358
00:11:10,000 --> 00:11:11,000
de alta calidad

359
00:11:11,000 --> 00:11:12,000
desde cualquier lugar.

360
00:11:12,000 --> 00:11:13,000
Dos,

361
00:11:13,000 --> 00:11:14,000
aprendizaje en línea.

362
00:11:14,000 --> 00:11:15,000
As novas tecnologías

363
00:11:15,000 --> 00:11:16,000
tamén

364
00:11:16,000 --> 00:11:17,000
han hecho posible

365
00:11:17,000 --> 00:11:18,000
que os estudiantes

366
00:11:18,000 --> 00:11:19,000
tomen cursos en línea,

367
00:11:19,000 --> 00:11:20,000
lo que les brinda

368
00:11:20,000 --> 00:11:21,000
a flexibilidad

369
00:11:21,000 --> 00:11:22,000
de aprender

370
00:11:22,000 --> 00:11:23,000
a sú propio ritmo

371
00:11:23,000 --> 00:11:24,000
e desde cualquier lugar.

372
00:11:24,000 --> 00:11:25,000
Además,

373
00:11:25,000 --> 00:11:26,000
os cursos en línea

374
00:11:26,000 --> 00:11:27,000
poden ser máis económicos

375
00:11:27,000 --> 00:11:29,000
que os cursos presenciales.

376
00:11:29,000 --> 00:11:30,000
Salto unos párrafos

377
00:11:30,000 --> 00:11:31,000
e dice,

378
00:11:31,000 --> 00:11:33,000
en resumen,

379
00:11:33,000 --> 00:11:34,000
as novas tecnologías

380
00:11:34,000 --> 00:11:35,000
han transformado

381
00:11:35,000 --> 00:11:36,000
a educación

382
00:11:36,000 --> 00:11:37,000
de moitas maneiras,

383
00:11:37,000 --> 00:11:38,000
permitindo

384
00:11:38,000 --> 00:11:39,000
que os estudiantes

385
00:11:39,000 --> 00:11:40,000
accedan

386
00:11:40,000 --> 00:11:41,000
a información

387
00:11:41,000 --> 00:11:42,000
e recursos educativos

388
00:11:42,000 --> 00:11:43,000
desde cualquier lugar,

389
00:11:43,000 --> 00:11:44,000
aprendan

390
00:11:44,000 --> 00:11:45,000
a sú propio ritmo,

391
00:11:45,000 --> 00:11:46,000
colaboren

392
00:11:46,000 --> 00:11:47,000
en proyectos

393
00:11:47,000 --> 00:11:48,000
e tareas escolares

394
00:11:48,000 --> 00:11:49,000
e reciban

395
00:11:49,000 --> 00:11:50,000
retroalimentación

396
00:11:50,000 --> 00:11:51,000
en tempo real.

397
00:11:51,000 --> 00:11:52,000
Ojito,

398
00:11:52,000 --> 00:11:53,000
esto está

399
00:11:53,000 --> 00:11:54,000
por encima

400
00:11:54,000 --> 00:11:55,000
de la media.

401
00:11:55,000 --> 00:11:56,000
E isto

402
00:11:56,000 --> 00:11:57,000
é o que hai,

403
00:11:57,000 --> 00:11:58,000
e xa está aí.

404
00:11:58,000 --> 00:11:59,000
E que vamos

405
00:11:59,000 --> 00:12:00,000
facer?

406
00:12:00,000 --> 00:12:01,000
Poner portas

407
00:12:01,000 --> 00:12:02,000
al campo?

408
00:12:02,000 --> 00:12:03,000
Sabéis de sobra

409
00:12:03,000 --> 00:12:04,000
que en moitas

410
00:12:04,000 --> 00:12:05,000
universidades

411
00:12:05,000 --> 00:12:06,000
e colegios

412
00:12:06,000 --> 00:12:07,000
o están prohibindo

413
00:12:07,000 --> 00:12:08,000
e demas,

414
00:12:08,000 --> 00:12:09,000
é esa a estrategia?

415
00:12:09,000 --> 00:12:10,000
Non,

416
00:12:10,000 --> 00:12:11,000
non hay que huir,

417
00:12:11,000 --> 00:12:12,000
hay que enfrentarse.

418
00:12:12,000 --> 00:12:15,000
A Inteligencia Artificial

419
00:12:15,000 --> 00:12:16,000
nunca había dado

420
00:12:16,000 --> 00:12:17,000
un passo tan potente

421
00:12:17,000 --> 00:12:18,000
para codificar

422
00:12:18,000 --> 00:12:19,000
desta maneira

423
00:12:19,000 --> 00:12:20,000
o lenguaje natural.

424
00:12:20,000 --> 00:12:22,000
E isto que é en español?

425
00:12:22,000 --> 00:12:23,000
O pedís

426
00:12:23,000 --> 00:12:24,000
en cualquier idioma,

427
00:12:24,000 --> 00:12:25,000
por suposto,

428
00:12:25,000 --> 00:12:26,000
pero en inglés

429
00:12:26,000 --> 00:12:27,000
é incluso máis perfecto.

430
00:12:27,000 --> 00:12:28,000
Ni unha falta de ortografía,

431
00:12:28,000 --> 00:12:29,000
ni un acento mal puesto,

432
00:12:29,000 --> 00:12:31,000
ni unha coma mal colocada,

433
00:12:31,000 --> 00:12:33,000
é un pouco impresionante.

434
00:12:33,000 --> 00:12:34,000
Bueno,

435
00:12:34,000 --> 00:12:35,000
pois xa está aí.

436
00:12:35,000 --> 00:12:36,000
De momento é gratis,

437
00:12:36,000 --> 00:12:37,000
pero que pronto

438
00:12:37,000 --> 00:12:38,000
lo pondrán para VAR,

439
00:12:38,000 --> 00:12:39,000
me imagino.

440
00:12:39,000 --> 00:12:40,000
Que pasa?

441
00:12:40,000 --> 00:12:42,000
Este tipo de cuestiones

442
00:12:42,000 --> 00:12:44,000
plantea serios problemas,

443
00:12:44,000 --> 00:12:45,000
como podéis imaginaros,

444
00:12:45,000 --> 00:12:47,000
en evaluación,

445
00:12:47,000 --> 00:12:49,000
en enseñanza,

446
00:12:49,000 --> 00:12:50,000
etc.

447
00:12:50,000 --> 00:12:51,000
Por tanto,

448
00:12:51,000 --> 00:12:52,000
a tecnologia

449
00:12:52,000 --> 00:12:54,000
hay que enfrentarse a ela

450
00:12:54,000 --> 00:12:57,000
sen ningún temor.

451
00:12:57,000 --> 00:12:58,000
De momento,

452
00:12:58,000 --> 00:12:59,000
desde un punto de vista

453
00:12:59,000 --> 00:13:00,000
académico e científico,

454
00:13:00,000 --> 00:13:01,000
este algoritmo,

455
00:13:01,000 --> 00:13:02,000
este programa,

456
00:13:02,000 --> 00:13:03,000
en definitiva,

457
00:13:03,000 --> 00:13:05,000
é malillo

458
00:13:05,000 --> 00:13:07,000
porque non tem acesso

459
00:13:07,000 --> 00:13:10,000
aos conhecimentos científicos

460
00:13:10,000 --> 00:13:13,000
que están, obviamente,

461
00:13:13,000 --> 00:13:15,000
subjetos ao copyright.

462
00:13:15,000 --> 00:13:16,000
As revistas científicas,

463
00:13:16,000 --> 00:13:17,000
máis do 90%

464
00:13:17,000 --> 00:13:18,000
son cerradas,

465
00:13:18,000 --> 00:13:20,000
non son de acceso libre

466
00:13:20,000 --> 00:13:21,000
na Internet.

467
00:13:21,000 --> 00:13:22,000
A xente cree que na Internet

468
00:13:22,000 --> 00:13:23,000
hai moitas cosas de acceso libre.

469
00:13:23,000 --> 00:13:24,000
Os científicos

470
00:13:24,000 --> 00:13:26,000
apenas consultan a Internet,

471
00:13:26,000 --> 00:13:28,000
porque as suas fontes originales

472
00:13:28,000 --> 00:13:29,000
non están na Internet.

473
00:13:29,000 --> 00:13:30,000
Están en revistas

474
00:13:30,000 --> 00:13:31,000
que están codificadas.

475
00:13:31,000 --> 00:13:32,000
Este programa

476
00:13:32,000 --> 00:13:33,000
non tem acesso a eles,

477
00:13:33,000 --> 00:13:35,000
pero a amenaza

478
00:13:35,000 --> 00:13:38,000
vem por a computación cuántica.

479
00:13:38,000 --> 00:13:40,000
Cando a computación cuántica

480
00:13:40,000 --> 00:13:42,000
pegue un pequeno avance,

481
00:13:42,000 --> 00:13:44,000
destruirá de un plumazo radical

482
00:13:44,000 --> 00:13:45,000
todos os sistemas

483
00:13:45,000 --> 00:13:46,000
de encriptación

484
00:13:46,000 --> 00:13:48,000
e de protección que temos.

485
00:13:48,000 --> 00:13:50,000
Todo quedará transparente.

486
00:13:50,000 --> 00:13:51,000
Iso sí que vai ser

487
00:13:51,000 --> 00:13:52,000
unha verdadeira revolución.

488
00:13:52,000 --> 00:13:54,000
E hai avances moi potentes.

489
00:13:54,000 --> 00:13:56,000
E entón sí que podrá utilizar

490
00:13:56,000 --> 00:13:58,000
os conhecimentos científicos.

491
00:13:58,000 --> 00:13:59,000
Son todos problemas

492
00:13:59,000 --> 00:14:00,000
sumamente interesantes

493
00:14:00,000 --> 00:14:01,000
desde o punto de vista general.

494
00:14:01,000 --> 00:14:02,000
Non entro aquí

495
00:14:02,000 --> 00:14:03,000
en cuestións específicas

496
00:14:03,000 --> 00:14:04,000
delas que habéis tratado,

497
00:14:04,000 --> 00:14:06,000
del aula e demás.

498
00:14:06,000 --> 00:14:07,000
Entón,

499
00:14:07,000 --> 00:14:09,000
ante esta situación,

500
00:14:09,000 --> 00:14:11,000
como profesores,

501
00:14:11,000 --> 00:14:12,000
como personas,

502
00:14:12,000 --> 00:14:14,000
que podemos fazer?

503
00:14:14,000 --> 00:14:16,000
Primeiro, estar moi preparados.

504
00:14:16,000 --> 00:14:17,000
En este Congreso,

505
00:14:17,000 --> 00:14:18,000
por exemplo,

506
00:14:18,000 --> 00:14:19,000
en ese sentido,

507
00:14:19,000 --> 00:14:20,000
é fundamental.

508
00:14:20,000 --> 00:14:21,000
Hai que ir un pouco por delante.

509
00:14:21,000 --> 00:14:24,000
Hai que estar al día completamente

510
00:14:24,000 --> 00:14:26,000
para que non nos veamos

511
00:14:26,000 --> 00:14:27,000
sobrepassados,

512
00:14:27,000 --> 00:14:29,000
evidentemente.

513
00:14:29,000 --> 00:14:30,000
E, depois,

514
00:14:31,000 --> 00:14:32,000
a nosa defesa,

515
00:14:32,000 --> 00:14:34,000
dicía un pouco al principio,

516
00:14:34,000 --> 00:14:37,000
está en o humanismo,

517
00:14:37,000 --> 00:14:39,000
en o que nos face humanos.

518
00:14:39,000 --> 00:14:41,000
E, se queréis unha prueba experimental,

519
00:14:41,000 --> 00:14:42,000
é a pandemia.

520
00:14:42,000 --> 00:14:44,000
Ahí teníamos toda a tecnologia

521
00:14:44,000 --> 00:14:45,000
a disposición,

522
00:14:45,000 --> 00:14:46,000
pero,

523
00:14:46,000 --> 00:14:47,000
que echábamos de menos?

524
00:14:47,000 --> 00:14:48,000
A caña,

525
00:14:48,000 --> 00:14:49,000
con os amigos,

526
00:14:49,000 --> 00:14:51,000
o que nos face humanos.

527
00:14:51,000 --> 00:14:52,000
Os humanos,

528
00:14:54,000 --> 00:14:55,000
según Dunbar,

529
00:14:55,000 --> 00:14:57,000
un psicólogo moi famoso,

530
00:14:57,000 --> 00:14:58,000
non son capaces

531
00:14:58,000 --> 00:15:00,000
de conocer a máis de 150 persoas.

532
00:15:00,000 --> 00:15:01,000
De verdad.

533
00:15:01,000 --> 00:15:02,000
Conocerlas,

534
00:15:02,000 --> 00:15:03,000
e tal.

535
00:15:03,000 --> 00:15:04,000
É unha tribu.

536
00:15:04,000 --> 00:15:05,000
E, agora, claro,

537
00:15:05,000 --> 00:15:07,000
se ha cumplido

538
00:15:07,000 --> 00:15:09,000
a profecía de McLuhan,

539
00:15:09,000 --> 00:15:11,000
a aldea global.

540
00:15:11,000 --> 00:15:12,000
Já estamos na aldea global.

541
00:15:12,000 --> 00:15:14,000
Pero é anti-humano.

542
00:15:14,000 --> 00:15:17,000
Non estávamos preparados para iso.

543
00:15:17,000 --> 00:15:19,000
Non esqueixeu que a especie humana,

544
00:15:19,000 --> 00:15:22,000
hace 200.000 anos,

545
00:15:22,000 --> 00:15:24,000
passa a 8.000.000.000.

546
00:15:24,000 --> 00:15:26,000
Iso non estaba pensado.

547
00:15:26,000 --> 00:15:27,000
E, por tanto,

548
00:15:27,000 --> 00:15:29,000
introduce variables novedosísimas

549
00:15:29,000 --> 00:15:31,000
que temos que ir resolvendo

550
00:15:31,000 --> 00:15:32,000
e atacarlas

551
00:15:32,000 --> 00:15:33,000
con un buen talante,

552
00:15:33,000 --> 00:15:36,000
pero que plantea problemas realmente difíciles,

553
00:15:36,000 --> 00:15:37,000
clarísimamente.

554
00:15:37,000 --> 00:15:38,000
Non?

555
00:15:38,000 --> 00:15:39,000
Non hai ninguna dúda.

556
00:15:39,000 --> 00:15:40,000
Así que,

557
00:15:40,000 --> 00:15:42,000
vamos a salvarnos por esa vía.

558
00:15:42,000 --> 00:15:45,000
Vamos a vencer al silicio

559
00:15:45,000 --> 00:15:46,000
por esa razón.

560
00:15:46,000 --> 00:15:47,000
Ambos,

561
00:15:47,000 --> 00:15:48,000
o silicio e nós,

562
00:15:48,000 --> 00:15:50,000
somos polvo de estrelas,

563
00:15:50,000 --> 00:15:51,000
en términos de Carl Sagan,

564
00:15:51,000 --> 00:15:53,000
o famoso astrofísico.

565
00:15:53,000 --> 00:15:54,000
Pero, bueno,

566
00:15:54,000 --> 00:15:55,000
aunque llevamos ventaja,

567
00:15:55,000 --> 00:15:56,000
creedme,

568
00:15:56,000 --> 00:15:57,000
yo,

569
00:15:57,000 --> 00:15:58,000
personalmente,

570
00:15:58,000 --> 00:15:59,000
tengo unha pesadilla,

571
00:15:59,000 --> 00:16:00,000
e é que,

572
00:16:00,000 --> 00:16:01,000
por a noite,

573
00:16:01,000 --> 00:16:02,000
todos os meus aparatos electrónicos

574
00:16:02,000 --> 00:16:04,000
generan autonomía,

575
00:16:04,000 --> 00:16:05,000
se reproducen

576
00:16:05,000 --> 00:16:06,000
e toman o controle.

577
00:16:06,000 --> 00:16:07,000
Así que,

578
00:16:07,000 --> 00:16:08,000
os apago.

579
00:16:08,000 --> 00:16:10,000
Non sei se facéis vosotros,

580
00:16:10,000 --> 00:16:12,000
pero é altamente recomendable

581
00:16:12,000 --> 00:16:13,000
para...

582
00:16:13,000 --> 00:16:14,000
hai que ir cortándoles as alas,

583
00:16:14,000 --> 00:16:15,000
evidentemente,

584
00:16:15,000 --> 00:16:16,000
porque senón

585
00:16:16,000 --> 00:16:19,000
tendremos problemas.

586
00:16:19,000 --> 00:16:20,000
Vou terminando,

587
00:16:20,000 --> 00:16:22,000
eu aquí, únicamente,

588
00:16:22,000 --> 00:16:24,000
un canto ao optimismo

589
00:16:25,000 --> 00:16:27,000
e un canto ao reivindicar

590
00:16:27,000 --> 00:16:29,000
o verdadeiramente humano.

591
00:16:29,000 --> 00:16:30,000
E nós, na universidade,

592
00:16:30,000 --> 00:16:31,000
o que dizemos,

593
00:16:31,000 --> 00:16:32,000
os valores universitarios,

594
00:16:32,000 --> 00:16:33,000
rigor,

595
00:16:33,000 --> 00:16:34,000
espírito crítico,

596
00:16:34,000 --> 00:16:36,000
espírito independente,

597
00:16:36,000 --> 00:16:37,000
integridade,

598
00:16:37,000 --> 00:16:38,000
compromiso,

599
00:16:38,000 --> 00:16:39,000
busca da verdade.

600
00:16:39,000 --> 00:16:40,000
E vou adicionar un último valor,

601
00:16:40,000 --> 00:16:42,000
valor.

602
00:16:42,000 --> 00:16:44,000
Baltasar Gracián dizia

603
00:16:44,000 --> 00:16:46,000
de pouco vale a sabedoria

604
00:16:46,000 --> 00:16:49,000
senón vai unida ao valor.

605
00:16:49,000 --> 00:16:50,000
É necessário,

606
00:16:50,000 --> 00:16:51,000
hai que atacar as cousas,

607
00:16:51,000 --> 00:16:52,000
vem como vem,

608
00:16:52,000 --> 00:16:53,000
e, senzillamente,

609
00:16:53,000 --> 00:16:54,000
vosotros como profesores,

610
00:16:54,000 --> 00:16:55,000
e eu como profesor,

611
00:16:55,000 --> 00:16:56,000
que é o que sou,

612
00:16:56,000 --> 00:16:57,000
porque isto de rector

613
00:16:57,000 --> 00:16:59,000
é unha cousa transitoria

614
00:16:59,000 --> 00:17:00,000
e passageira,

615
00:17:00,000 --> 00:17:01,000
pero o que a mi me gusta

616
00:17:01,000 --> 00:17:03,000
e para o que,

617
00:17:03,000 --> 00:17:05,000
utilizando a terminologia

618
00:17:05,000 --> 00:17:07,000
do profesor que dou a charla,

619
00:17:07,000 --> 00:17:08,000
para o que he sido experto

620
00:17:08,000 --> 00:17:09,000
e formado,

621
00:17:09,000 --> 00:17:11,000
é para iso.

622
00:17:11,000 --> 00:17:13,000
No meu caso de psicologia,

623
00:17:13,000 --> 00:17:15,000
e por iso faço moitos similes

624
00:17:15,000 --> 00:17:16,000
com o humano

625
00:17:16,000 --> 00:17:18,000
e para o que

626
00:17:18,000 --> 00:17:20,000
hemos sido pensados.

627
00:17:20,000 --> 00:17:22,000
Como dice un amigo meu,

628
00:17:22,000 --> 00:17:23,000
o problema dos humanos,

629
00:17:23,000 --> 00:17:24,000
fixaos,

630
00:17:24,000 --> 00:17:25,000
que estamos pensados

631
00:17:25,000 --> 00:17:28,000
para durar 20, 25 anos,

632
00:17:28,000 --> 00:17:29,000
iso é o original,

633
00:17:29,000 --> 00:17:31,000
de tener os filhos

634
00:17:31,000 --> 00:17:33,000
aos 12 anos, 13,

635
00:17:33,000 --> 00:17:35,000
e palmar-la aos 20, 25.

636
00:17:35,000 --> 00:17:36,000
Claro,

637
00:17:36,000 --> 00:17:38,000
vamos alargando, alargando,

638
00:17:38,000 --> 00:17:39,000
e claro,

639
00:17:39,000 --> 00:17:40,000
estamos ben diseñados,

640
00:17:40,000 --> 00:17:41,000
pero nos falhan os materiales.

641
00:17:41,000 --> 00:17:43,000
E iso passa

642
00:17:43,000 --> 00:17:45,000
cognitivamente tamén,

643
00:17:45,000 --> 00:17:46,000
ou seja,

644
00:17:46,000 --> 00:17:47,000
e, por tanto,

645
00:17:47,000 --> 00:17:48,000
hai que ser sempre

646
00:17:48,000 --> 00:17:49,000
moi vigilantes

647
00:17:49,000 --> 00:17:50,000
con iso.

648
00:17:50,000 --> 00:17:51,000
Estamos vivendo

649
00:17:51,000 --> 00:17:52,000
minutos moi extra.

650
00:17:52,000 --> 00:17:54,000
O sapiens non estaba pensado

651
00:17:54,000 --> 00:17:55,000
para isto,

652
00:17:55,000 --> 00:17:56,000
nem moito menos.

653
00:17:56,000 --> 00:17:57,000
Pero, bueno,

654
00:17:57,000 --> 00:17:58,000
lo hemos conseguido

655
00:17:58,000 --> 00:17:59,000
a base de

656
00:17:59,000 --> 00:18:00,000
mellorar a alimentación,

657
00:18:00,000 --> 00:18:01,000
a saúde,

658
00:18:01,000 --> 00:18:02,000
etcétera,

659
00:18:02,000 --> 00:18:04,000
e buscamos

660
00:18:04,000 --> 00:18:05,000
a felicidade.

661
00:18:05,000 --> 00:18:06,000
Ia sabeis que

662
00:18:06,000 --> 00:18:07,000
a mellor definición

663
00:18:07,000 --> 00:18:08,000
de felicidade

664
00:18:08,000 --> 00:18:09,000
é mala memoria

665
00:18:09,000 --> 00:18:10,000
e boa saúde.

666
00:18:10,000 --> 00:18:11,000
Basicamente,

667
00:18:11,000 --> 00:18:12,000
iso é.

668
00:18:12,000 --> 00:18:13,000
Con iso

669
00:18:13,000 --> 00:18:14,000
se consigue unha felicidade

670
00:18:14,000 --> 00:18:15,000
moi razoável.

671
00:18:20,000 --> 00:18:21,000
Ia dizer máis cosas,

672
00:18:21,000 --> 00:18:22,000
pero interpreto

673
00:18:22,000 --> 00:18:23,000
o aplauso

674
00:18:23,000 --> 00:18:24,000
como

675
00:18:24,000 --> 00:18:25,000
vale.