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Hello everyone, today's topic is going to be very easy, we are going to skip point number 4 and we are going to move to the point number 5, world population distribution.

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You will find information on your book on the pages 144 and 145, these ones.

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and what we are going to study in this topic is the two ways in which we can measure the

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population the total population and the population density for the total population

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to obtain the data is very easy because the only thing we need to do is to count the number of

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people that are living in a territory and normally in most of the countries we are going

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to have a census on censo that counts the number of inhabitants of a place every 10 years

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in this chart what you have is the information of the most populated countries in the year 2015

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that are china india usa indonesia brazil and as you can see spain is the 29th and by the year 2050

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probably what's going to happen is that Spain, because it is losing population

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right now, will be around the 46, okay? The least populated countries are very small

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like Tuvalu, that is an island, Nauru, San Marino and Liechtenstein.

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But as you can see some of these countries like Brazil or China are

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really big and all these people are not living in the same area so in order to

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know where there is more people living what we need to calculate is the

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population density, la densidad de población, in order to know it we have

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this formula so the population density measures the amount of inhabitants

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that we have per square kilometer what we're going to do is to divide it for

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example the population density in the planet nowadays is 49.34 inhabitants per

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square kilometers what we are going to do is to divide the total number of

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people by the square kilometers of the territory and this way we have the

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population density after doing this formula what we are going to notice is

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that there are areas in the planet in which there is a lot of people living and some areas

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that are sparsely populated.

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Sparsely quiere decir escasamente pobladas and densely populated quiere decir densamente

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pobladas, que hay demasiada gente en el mismo sitio.

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So let's take a look to some maps to understand this better.

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For example, if the country's size were measured by the total population they had, as you can see, the map of the world would be completely different because in Russia there is not so many people living, or in Canada, or in other places.

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But if we have a map of population density, everything is going to be different.

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most of people are living in the same areas the areas that we have in the red color for example

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europe boston and new york california central mexico the coast of brazil india china japan

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some island of indonesia south africa and so on you can see that there are some specific areas

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where people live and there has to be a reason for that in your booklet what you have is an exercise

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with this map that you will need to complete and what you have to do is very simple you have to say

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which are the continents that are more populated and where are the most populated areas of the

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world in this case i want you to tell me the region not all the countries so for example

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can you see this red line over here why do you think there is so many people living there because

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there is an important river that i'm not going to tell you the name but you should know okay

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so look for the territories in which more people live and also what factors explain that distribution

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what why is there more people living in those areas than in other areas i'm going to explain

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you the factors later and then I want you to tell me which are the most sparsely populated areas

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for example Greenland or the north of Canada or Siberia and then tell me why there is less people

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living in these regions so if this changes okay which are these factors and normally in class I

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show you these pictures and you will have to guess the factor but for example there is an historical

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factor if there are there has been people living in some places like the rivers Tigris and Euphrates

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or the river Nile obviously there is going to be more people nowadays as well then the relief is

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also very important because normally people don't live in mountains the climate can be very important

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as well in deserts people are not going to find what they need to survive also the plains or

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rivers normally are better for for people to survive or to live and also people are attracted

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to live in nice climate areas like for example this one and then most of the people live in cities

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but if there is a political problems or political issues many people can move to other places okay

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so these factors can be divided in total in physical factors that are the ones that are

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related with the nature and human factors the ones that are related with our behavior

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so in the physical factors the climate is very important normally people prefer temperate

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climates like the one that we have in spain with nice temperatures and not a lot of precipitations

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the relief is also very important because people normally like to live in valleys or in plains

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and also because mountainous regions are not good for crops so if you can't plant crops people

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don't have food the soil is also related with the crops

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drinking water if we don't have drinking water like in the deserts people can't live there or

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animals then there are also natural resources if the place have good natural resources

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people will have better economies so they will try to move to these places

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and then extreme weather conditions or catastrophes obviously if we have a region

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in which there are a lot of tornadoes or earthquakes people are not going to live there

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and they will try to live in places with less problems then if we move to the human factors

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the one i told you before the historical or traditions is very important because traditional

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areas normally has been attracting people for centuries then we have also political factors

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some countries can make policies to move people to some specific places

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for example in Spain

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as tourism is an important economic activity

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many people live there because the country

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established policies in the past

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to make tourism the most important economic activity of Spain

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this is also related with the economic factor

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for example places with good working conditions

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that provide services like hospitals are better one good example about this is

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Spain because in Soria there are I think two or three hospitals so people that need to go to a

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hospital are not going to live in Soria they will have problems and they will have to go to

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nearer places that provide services like Madrid. Then there is also a social factor that is related

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with freedom or the quality of life and normally people prefer to live in countries in which they

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have rights and liberties and they will try to migrate from them and also transport is also very

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important because most of the populated areas are related with areas in which we have good means of

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transport if we go to the map you can see that there is like an orange line that moves around

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asia this is a railway that is called the trans-siberian that connects vladivostok that is

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here with moscow the capital of russia and i think it also continues over here okay so the transport

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is also very important if we have airports ports roads highways and so on okay so in spain as you

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can see the population density is unequal in the country there is a lot of people living at the

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coast okay in the center of the spain in madrid and then in some specific cities like zaragoza

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bilbao sevilla albacete ciudad real and so on but the rest of spain as you can see is sparsely

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populated okay this is what nowadays you can hear in the news people call la españa vaciada

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and this region that is soria guadalajara teruel or cuenca is the least populated area of europe

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there are places in near the north pole the north pole that have more population density than this

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one so why do you think most of the people in spain live in the same places and all this region

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is sparsely populated we have to think in the factors i told you before for example

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which are the main economic regions of spain the ones that have more employment madrid catalonia

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País Vasco, Zaragoza, and then the regions with better climate, the coast, okay, the regions that

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have harsh conditions or mountains, el sistema ibérico, los Pirineos, Sierra Nevada, Sierra

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Morena, Montes de Toledo, okay, so as you can see the physical factors and the human factors

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are the ones that determine where the people live okay i hope you understood this topic better okay

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anyway you can read the information from the book that can help you you have some exercises

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to do about this and there are two definitions the short questions 9 and 10 and this practice

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okay i will write you also in the aula virtual what you have to do if you have any questions

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you can write me messages okay i hope you are all doing great see ya