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Hello everyone, welcome to Natural Science. Today in this lesson we are going to learn about matter and measuring matter.

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Alright, we are going to start this lesson by asking the question, what is matter? What's matter? What's matter?

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Okay, you probably are going to answer this question by saying, matter is everything that we can touch, we can smell, we can see, and that is alright.

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But this year we are going to start learning another definition, a more complex, a more

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scientific one.

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Matter is everything that has volume and mass.

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And this matter is made up of different particles, okay?

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These particles are called atoms, all right?

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They're probably too small and we cannot see them, all right?

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But they're plural.

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Okay, I'm going to give you two different examples, two different ones, all right?

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this one this is a kettlebell this is an object use it for working out and training all right

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this is full of mass actually the weight is 12 kilos all right so this is something that has a

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lot of mass probably it has volume it does have but it has a lot of mass on the other hand i have

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another object which is you know a ball full of air so that's why this one has a

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lot of volume okay but as you can see that's half of the mass all right so

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what we have is three different states we can find matter okay in here I have a

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picture showing gas liquid and salt okay as you can observe in this one all right

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gas is full of particles but these are very separated one each other so that's

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why you can even see them all right for example this water all right we can take

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some oxygen and we close it okay this is supposed to be full of gas full of

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oxygen all right but we cannot see the particles all right as you can observe

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as well we can we can put a lot of particles in it and they can move them

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easily inside okay but we cannot see them all right so this gas doesn't have

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a fixed shape all right and they can move around and they are very separated

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want each other so that's why in this picture I assume it okay and these

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particles are a lot of you know and they are separate all right let's move on the

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next the next is liquid we have one example here a glass of water of water

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and you can see how this liquid is has the same shape okay that the glass hat

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so that's why the particles are separated more separated than in gas

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alright but they are closer so that's why okay we cannot see them alright

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all right we have the last example which is so in solid in here again you cannot

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see the particles they're very close one each other okay I just wrote this very

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quickly so that's what I can see some gaps all right but imagine that a solid

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okay like for example it is all right a marker right the particles are so

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attached so close together so they are going to be okay like that all right

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Let's move on. So, how can we measure this mass and volume? Well, we have different methods, different ways, right? For example, if we want to measure mass, okay, what we can use is a balance, okay? If we put something on this balance, all right, we obtain this weight, okay? This mass. Mass is the weight of that, okay?

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And kilograms, for example, is the unit of this measurement, all right?

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For example, when I told you about this kettlebell, all right,

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the mass of this kettlebell is very easy to calculate, okay?

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All you have to do is to put it on a scale, all right, and you will know.

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You will see how this is going to be 12 kilos.

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All right.

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But when it comes to measure the volume, it's more difficult.

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For example, we have a notebook like this, speaker, alright.

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It's kind of easy to calculate the volume.

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All we need is to use a ruler, for instance, and we put the ruler like this, okay, and we can calculate.

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For example, this one is going to be like 9 centimeters.

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So what we have to take into account is different measures, okay?

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okay, we have like length, width, height, something like this, so these three are

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important to know. And finally, I will tell you about the measure of mass of

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irregular sets. For example, this is something irregular, alright. We cannot

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measure this properly, okay, because if we use a ruler, okay, even if we use a

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meter like this okay we cannot calculate it because of the shape so that's why

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there is a way that we can use at home in order to calculate so for

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example we can measure in flask all right so what we have to do is to put

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some water on it all right like this so if we put it like for example 150 okay

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centi or milliliter in this case all right by putting by introducing one

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object in this measuring flask okay if we observe the difference okay between

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this 150 milliliters we have initially okay we calculate the difference so in

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this case it's going to be like 300 okay 300 so we know that the volume of this

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object is going to be 150 milliliters so by using this method okay we can

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calculate the volume of that so now guys you know what is matter okay it's full

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of particles called atoms the different characteristics of the three states of

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matter gas liquid and solid okay different examples of solid things with a lot of volume

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a lot of mass all right and how can you calculate how can you measure this mass and volume using

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different ways okay that's all for today hope you enjoyed the video okay bye bye