1 00:00:02,200 --> 00:00:11,439 16th century 2 00:00:11,439 --> 00:00:13,439 Juana la Loca 3 00:00:13,439 --> 00:00:18,440 During 16th century different monarchs ruled Spain. 4 00:00:18,440 --> 00:00:22,440 All of them from the Austria dynasty. 5 00:00:22,440 --> 00:00:26,440 When Isabel I died in 54, 6 00:00:26,440 --> 00:00:32,439 Juana I and Felipe I were proclaimed king of their castle. 7 00:00:32,439 --> 00:00:45,049 In 1506, Felipe died, and Fernando el Católico recovered the regency and castle in the name of Prince Carlos. 8 00:00:46,350 --> 00:00:53,289 The future Carlos I of Spain and V of Germany, son of Felipe el Hermoso and Juan la Loca. 9 00:00:54,710 --> 00:01:00,130 Fernando el Católico imprisoned Juana because of her dementia. 10 00:01:00,130 --> 00:01:10,129 When in 1560, Fernando el Catolico died and Carlos I was proclaimed King of the Castles and Aragon. 11 00:01:10,129 --> 00:01:15,129 Carlos I also kept his mother present in Tordesillas. 12 00:01:15,129 --> 00:01:21,129 There were people who tried to put Juana against him. 13 00:01:21,129 --> 00:01:27,129 Some occupied the throne, but he refused their proposal. 14 00:01:27,129 --> 00:01:54,390 Carlos I was grandson of the Catholic monarchs. He became king of Spain when he was 16, but he was born in Belgium. 15 00:01:54,390 --> 00:02:01,390 Carlos I inherited many treasures from his maternal and paternal grandfathers. 16 00:02:01,390 --> 00:02:03,390 Grandfathers 17 00:02:06,829 --> 00:02:10,830 He became Carlos I of Spain and Carlos V of Germany. 18 00:02:11,830 --> 00:02:17,830 He kept the independent kingdom and their institutions. 19 00:02:18,830 --> 00:02:25,830 When Carlos I became king of Spain, he didn't know the language or costume of the country. 20 00:02:26,830 --> 00:02:30,830 He had foreign consorts who increased taxes. 21 00:02:30,830 --> 00:02:36,830 This caused suburbations in 1520 in Castilla and Valencia. 22 00:02:36,830 --> 00:02:46,509 Canus Peres fought against French who wanted to control the north of Italy, 23 00:02:46,509 --> 00:02:54,949 against German Protestants to defend Catholicism, 24 00:02:54,949 --> 00:03:03,949 and against Turks who wanted to control territories in the Mediterranean Sea. Bye! 25 00:03:03,949 --> 00:03:09,060 Felipe II 26 00:03:09,060 --> 00:03:14,060 In 1556 Felipe II became king of Spain 27 00:03:14,060 --> 00:03:24,180 and in 1561 established the capital of Spain in Madrid 28 00:03:24,180 --> 00:03:35,620 In 1580 became king of Portugal 29 00:03:35,620 --> 00:03:39,620 joined the Crow of Portugal to his territory 30 00:03:39,620 --> 00:03:54,900 He had to rule a great empire of territories all over the world, in America, Africa and Asia. 31 00:03:54,900 --> 00:04:10,939 Felipe II continued fighting as his father did. 32 00:04:10,939 --> 00:04:17,939 The conflict with the French continued and Felipe II defeated France in the Battle of Saint-Quentin. 33 00:04:17,939 --> 00:04:29,100 He defeated the Turks in the Battle of Lepanto, fighting for the control of the Mediterranean Sea. 34 00:04:29,100 --> 00:04:46,420 Felipe II fought a long war against the Netherlands, who wanted independence. The England supported the Netherlands in its war. 35 00:04:48,420 --> 00:05:02,889 In 1588 Felipe II tried to invade England with a fleet of ships called the Armada, but it was defeated. 36 00:05:05,889 --> 00:05:34,519 Territories and government 16th century. In the 16th century, Spain became the greatest war power. Carlos I and Felipe II ruled an empire with territories all over the world. 37 00:05:34,519 --> 00:05:43,519 King was responsible for the army, institutions, taxes, war and peace. 38 00:05:43,519 --> 00:05:48,519 Many counselors helped the king. 39 00:05:48,519 --> 00:06:03,399 King had a lot of power, but there were some limitations of the power. 40 00:06:03,399 --> 00:06:14,079 There were codes in each kingdom that could accept or reject certain laws. 41 00:06:14,079 --> 00:06:27,300 Some kingdoms had just this system to ensure the king kept the laws. 42 00:06:27,300 --> 00:06:38,240 With Felipe II, after losing against the English with the armada, the decline began. 43 00:06:38,240 --> 00:06:45,000 Pain was constantly at war and this was very expensive for the crown. 44 00:06:45,000 --> 00:06:49,000 Spain was financially weaker. 45 00:06:49,000 --> 00:06:57,079 Nobility were lazy, they didn't work. 46 00:06:57,079 --> 00:07:07,040 work people with worry didn't invest and the country didn't prosper or develop 47 00:07:07,040 --> 00:07:23,819 there is no industry or manufacturing so Spain didn't grow economic meanwhile in 48 00:07:23,819 --> 00:07:28,920 the rest of European countries grew and developed thanks to the raw materials 49 00:07:28,920 --> 00:07:43,610 from Palestine. After Felipe II, the following king delegated their responsibilities and didn't govern. 50 00:07:47,579 --> 00:07:52,139 There was a lot of corruption that didn't improve the current situation. 51 00:07:53,980 --> 00:07:58,620 This period there were also bad harvests.