1 00:00:08,500 --> 00:00:32,100 Good morning everyone and welcome to Revolution. In today's program we will be talking about how has the revolution begun, problems in the state general which are getting tired and tired, the third state matters and their own state general, the National Assembly, the tennis court not for playing tennis anymore. 2 00:00:32,100 --> 00:00:41,100 And we have surprise! At the end of the program, we will have an interview for our online englovers with a special guest. 3 00:00:41,100 --> 00:00:45,100 Wait till the end to discover who is he. 4 00:00:45,100 --> 00:00:51,100 Lately, the tensions between the third state and the privileged state have increased considerably. 5 00:00:51,100 --> 00:00:55,100 In the state general, our correspondent will tell us more about this issue. 6 00:00:55,100 --> 00:00:57,100 Tell us, it is? 7 00:00:57,100 --> 00:01:03,140 Thanks, Adriana. Right now, I'm in front of the States General's door, which the king has disclosed. 8 00:01:03,399 --> 00:01:07,780 As you can see, there's a lot of people complaining. I hope you can hear me properly. 9 00:01:08,319 --> 00:01:11,480 Okay, I'm going to call the Portuguese group of people. 10 00:01:15,299 --> 00:01:17,840 Excuse me, hello, excuse me, excuse me. 11 00:01:18,319 --> 00:01:22,280 Hello, we are from the Revolution Loose Program. Can I ask you some questions? 12 00:01:23,500 --> 00:01:23,840 Yes. 13 00:01:23,840 --> 00:01:24,900 Hello, what's your name? 14 00:01:25,099 --> 00:01:25,920 My name is Napoleon. 15 00:01:25,920 --> 00:01:28,920 Napoleon, what do you think about this whole issue? 16 00:01:28,920 --> 00:01:36,920 Well, a year ago I was a trader among the traders and when I discovered Rousseau and his illustrated ideas, 17 00:01:36,920 --> 00:01:39,920 I found out I have been blindfolded all this time. 18 00:01:39,920 --> 00:01:45,920 I discovered how are we trading in society and economy and I understood everything, 19 00:01:45,920 --> 00:01:51,920 as I and other people from the world just discovered the injustice of the whole world we are living in now. 20 00:01:51,920 --> 00:01:52,920 Thank you. 21 00:01:52,920 --> 00:02:07,920 Hopefully, all this will be solved soon. We now move to the National Assembly, from where our correspondent, Laura, will be informing us about what is happening there today. Laura, tell us. 22 00:02:07,920 --> 00:02:17,919 So yeah, exactly Adrián, we were almost next to the National Assembly and a few minutes before connecting with you we tried to get a little bit closer. 23 00:02:17,919 --> 00:02:23,919 But this had not done so much great to the participants of the different social status. 24 00:02:23,919 --> 00:02:31,919 We are now going to try for a second time to get a little bit closer to the National Assembly. Let's get a little bit closer now. 25 00:02:31,919 --> 00:02:36,919 yes so as you can see there is a lot of people here and as you can see we can we 26 00:02:36,919 --> 00:02:42,479 have here a man so let's see what he has to tell us. I'm here to fight for my 27 00:02:42,479 --> 00:02:46,919 rights as a person as all the people that are in here and we are all against 28 00:02:46,919 --> 00:02:53,099 Luis XVI's wishes and laws. Okay so do you think the king is going to 29 00:02:53,099 --> 00:02:57,780 agree with you? Of course he's not going to agree with us but we the people are 30 00:02:57,780 --> 00:03:03,280 all here together to bring an end to Louis XVI's rape. 31 00:03:03,280 --> 00:03:08,280 So as you have listened, this is an act in rebellion towards the king and his wishes are lost. 32 00:03:08,280 --> 00:03:13,280 We will inform you of what happens here during the next hours. 33 00:03:13,280 --> 00:03:16,280 Thank you for the information. We will be very attentive. 34 00:03:26,750 --> 00:03:30,250 The king has finally accepted the third state's demands. 35 00:03:30,250 --> 00:03:34,889 Right now, a Constitution Assembly is taking place in order to write the Constitution. 36 00:03:34,889 --> 00:03:40,409 In Paris, the vassal is being attacked due to the fact that political prisoners are still there. 37 00:03:40,409 --> 00:03:45,689 Peasants are also attacking other nobles' homes and refusing to pay feudal duties. 38 00:03:45,689 --> 00:03:48,009 This revolt is known as the Grand Pur. 39 00:03:53,780 --> 00:03:56,900 Did the Constitution Assembly do something in response to this? 40 00:03:56,900 --> 00:04:06,580 by the peasants to declare you. They establish equality in the payment of taxes and other 41 00:04:06,580 --> 00:04:10,580 reforms so that the peasants are satisfied and they stop the Grand Pur. 42 00:04:10,580 --> 00:04:15,580 A sole correspondent in the National Assembly has told us. The third estate has been locked. 43 00:04:15,580 --> 00:04:18,579 Good afternoon, Clara. Tell us more about it. 44 00:04:18,579 --> 00:04:24,579 That's right, Adrian. We stand here at a historical moment. Right now, it is Twitter 45 00:04:24,579 --> 00:04:29,579 empty and the third estate has moved next door to what is supposed to be a tennis court 46 00:04:29,579 --> 00:04:35,100 have sworn the tennis court oath. This oath consists on a series of agreements that says 47 00:04:35,100 --> 00:04:40,620 that they won't stop meeting until they have a new constitution. This tennis court has been declared 48 00:04:40,620 --> 00:04:46,300 by the third state as the new national assembly where the people of France is truly represented. 49 00:04:46,300 --> 00:04:51,180 It seems that the third state is now well aware of their importance and have realized that they 50 00:04:51,180 --> 00:04:59,100 really can challenge who is the 16th and now finally let's meet our mysterious special guest 51 00:05:02,399 --> 00:05:11,040 montesquieu we're very happy to have you here today many have heard about you and we would 52 00:05:11,040 --> 00:05:17,920 like to dig deeper into your personality tell us a little bit about yourself good morning everyone 53 00:05:17,920 --> 00:05:23,279 well thank you for inviting me. Well you could say that during my life I had strokes of very good 54 00:05:23,279 --> 00:05:30,399 luck but also strokes of very bad luck. For example I had the fortune to come from a very noble family 55 00:05:30,399 --> 00:05:35,439 but my mother died when I was only seven years old. Then I had the good fortune to attend a 56 00:05:35,439 --> 00:05:41,680 junior school, a very important school, but my father died when I was studying which was a 57 00:05:41,680 --> 00:05:47,920 a hard blow for me. Thankfully, my uncle took care of me. He worked in the parliament and 58 00:05:47,920 --> 00:05:52,480 he was the one who ordered the seat so that I became interested in enlightened politics. 59 00:05:53,139 --> 00:05:58,019 God bless the uncle. He told me that the day he died he would like me to substitute him 60 00:05:58,019 --> 00:06:04,019 in his job at the parliament and so we did. Now I'm working at the Portuguese parliament 61 00:06:04,019 --> 00:06:10,420 but in my free time I like reading and learning about philosophy. Fascinating! Now that you 62 00:06:10,420 --> 00:06:18,420 Here we have a copy of your book, The Spirit of Loss, full of enlightened ideas. 63 00:06:18,420 --> 00:06:21,420 Could you tell us a little bit about it? 64 00:06:21,420 --> 00:06:24,420 Oh, The Spirit of Loss! Gladly I will sum it up for you. 65 00:06:24,420 --> 00:06:28,420 Well, in this book I talk about the separation of powers. 66 00:06:28,420 --> 00:06:33,420 I strongly believe that there should be three powers, executive, judicial and legislative. 67 00:06:33,420 --> 00:06:38,420 And no power should be stronger than another, but be equally important. 68 00:06:38,420 --> 00:06:43,420 I see. Could you read us a little fragment of it? 69 00:06:43,420 --> 00:06:48,420 Of course. Let's see. 70 00:06:48,420 --> 00:06:55,420 When the legislative and executive powers are united in the same person or in the same body of magistrates, 71 00:06:55,420 --> 00:06:59,420 there can be no liberty, because apprehensions may end, 72 00:06:59,420 --> 00:07:07,420 lest the same monarch or senate should enact tyrannical laws to execute them in a tyrannical law. 73 00:07:07,420 --> 00:07:20,420 Your ideas are simply admirable. Even though you come from a noble family, you stand up for equality. I'm sure you will be remembered a long time in the future. 74 00:07:20,420 --> 00:07:22,420 Oh, I didn't think so. 75 00:07:22,420 --> 00:07:29,310 Thanks, Montesquieu. We hope to see you around here soon. 76 00:07:29,310 --> 00:07:32,310 So do I. Thank you. Bye. 77 00:07:32,310 --> 00:07:36,310 And now it's time to take a look at the water.