0
00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:11,000
Welcome to your Flip Classroom! Please sit back, get comfortable and pay attention while I explain the main grammar points.

1
00:00:11,000 --> 00:00:18,000
Remember, you can stop the video whenever you need and you can see it as many times as you want.

2
00:00:18,000 --> 00:00:24,000
Don't worry if you have questions, just write them down and later post them on the forum.

3
00:00:24,000 --> 00:00:31,000
Today we are going to work on relative clauses. Are you ready? Let's get started!

4
00:00:31,000 --> 00:00:36,000
To begin with our topic, let's define what relative clauses are.

5
00:00:36,000 --> 00:00:45,000
According to the Cambridge Dictionary, we use relative clauses to give additional information about someone or something.

6
00:00:45,000 --> 00:00:54,000
This is the most important information. We can use relative clauses to combine clauses without repeating information.

7
00:00:54,000 --> 00:01:03,000
In order to make relative clauses, we need to use relative pronouns and let's see what relative pronouns are.

8
00:01:04,000 --> 00:01:16,000
Here you have the main relative pronouns. These relative pronouns are directly linked to the word they are giving more information about.

9
00:01:16,000 --> 00:01:26,000
If we are referring to someone, we are going to use who. If we are referring to an object, we are going to use which.

10
00:01:26,000 --> 00:01:36,000
If we are referring to the time, we are going to use when. If we are referring to a place, we are going to use where.

11
00:01:36,000 --> 00:01:42,000
But if we are referring to someone's possession, we are going to use whose.

12
00:01:42,000 --> 00:01:47,000
Don't worry because we are going to see some examples in another slide.

13
00:01:47,000 --> 00:01:53,000
Now, there are two kinds of relative clauses.

14
00:01:54,000 --> 00:02:05,000
On the one hand, we have defining relative clauses and we use them to give essential information about someone or something.

15
00:02:05,000 --> 00:02:12,000
We really need it in order to understand what or who is being referred to.

16
00:02:12,000 --> 00:02:22,000
One more important thing is that a defining relative clause usually comes immediately after the noun it describes.

17
00:02:22,000 --> 00:02:36,000
On the other hand, we use non-defining relative clauses to give extra information and therefore we don't need it in order to understand who or what is being referred to.

18
00:02:36,000 --> 00:02:42,000
Moreover, non-defining relative clauses are put in commas.

19
00:02:43,000 --> 00:02:53,000
Another important fact is that in spoken English, who and which can be replaced by that.

20
00:02:53,000 --> 00:02:59,000
However, in a non-defining relative clause, we can't do that change.

21
00:02:59,000 --> 00:03:01,000
So be very, very careful.

22
00:03:01,000 --> 00:03:05,000
Now, let's have a look at some examples.

23
00:03:06,000 --> 00:03:08,000
First, who.

24
00:03:08,000 --> 00:03:16,000
In a defining relative clause, we can find something like Tom Holland is the actor who performs Spiderman.

25
00:03:16,000 --> 00:03:26,000
Whereas, in a non-defining relative clause, we will find something like Tom Holland, who is my teacher's husband, is English.

26
00:03:26,000 --> 00:03:29,000
Number two, which.

27
00:03:30,000 --> 00:03:35,000
Defining relative clause, this is the diamond ring which Tom bought.

28
00:03:35,000 --> 00:03:45,000
Whereas, in a non-defining relative clause, we can find something like the diamond ring which Tom gave my teacher was designed in Paris.

29
00:03:48,000 --> 00:03:50,000
Number three, where.

30
00:03:50,000 --> 00:03:58,000
Defining relative clause could be something like St Paul's Cathedral is the place where Tom and my teacher got married.

31
00:03:58,000 --> 00:04:07,000
Whereas, in a non-defining relative clause, there is something like London, where Tom and my teacher met, is the capital of England.

32
00:04:08,000 --> 00:04:09,000
When.

33
00:04:09,000 --> 00:04:11,000
Defining relative clause.

34
00:04:11,000 --> 00:04:19,000
In 1996, when both were born, La Macarena was danced all over the world.

35
00:04:19,000 --> 00:04:26,000
Whereas, in a non-defining relative clause, you can find something like the day when they met was rainy.

36
00:04:26,000 --> 00:04:28,000
Obviously, it was London, guys.

37
00:04:28,000 --> 00:04:31,000
And finally, we have whose.

38
00:04:31,000 --> 00:04:33,000
Remember, this one is for possession.

39
00:04:33,000 --> 00:04:35,000
So, defining relative clause.

40
00:04:35,000 --> 00:04:41,000
Part is the teacher whose husband is a famous English actor.

41
00:04:41,000 --> 00:04:43,000
And non-defining relative clause.

42
00:04:43,000 --> 00:04:49,000
Tom, whose future kids will be the cutest, is working on a new project.

43
00:04:51,000 --> 00:04:53,000
This is the ending of the explanation.

44
00:04:53,000 --> 00:04:56,000
But now, it's time to practice.

45
00:04:56,000 --> 00:04:59,000
So, here you have the steps to follow.

46
00:04:59,000 --> 00:05:07,000
First, you have to have a look at the infographic to check all the context we have just said.

47
00:05:07,000 --> 00:05:10,000
So, go to Aula Virtual and check.

48
00:05:10,000 --> 00:05:14,000
Then, complete the activity regarding relative clauses.

49
00:05:15,000 --> 00:05:23,000
If you have any questions, write in the forum your questions to be answered by me or by another classmate.

50
00:05:24,000 --> 00:05:25,000
That's all.

51
00:05:25,000 --> 00:05:26,000
See you tomorrow, guys.

52
00:05:26,000 --> 00:05:27,000
Bye bye.