1 00:00:01,060 --> 00:00:06,339 Hello again. We're going to start working on the past simple and present perfect. 2 00:00:07,059 --> 00:00:14,500 And I've chosen a lesson plan that I found in a very interesting web page for teachers. 3 00:00:15,300 --> 00:00:21,219 And we're going to combine the grammar and a little bit of listening comprehension. 4 00:00:22,179 --> 00:00:30,660 So, there you have this picture. I think you can see it better now. 5 00:00:30,820 --> 00:00:35,820 Yeah? What do you think the picture shows? 6 00:00:35,820 --> 00:00:40,259 And who do you think took this picture? 7 00:00:40,259 --> 00:00:46,890 And what did this person think they saw? 8 00:00:46,890 --> 00:00:55,890 So I want you to stop the video and think about these three questions here. 9 00:00:55,890 --> 00:01:02,840 OK, it seems we're going to talk about UFOs. 10 00:01:02,840 --> 00:01:06,859 Unidentified flying objects. 11 00:01:13,109 --> 00:01:13,590 OK. 12 00:01:14,489 --> 00:01:16,689 Look at this vocabulary. 13 00:01:18,469 --> 00:01:31,250 We've got declassified, leak, a fighter pilot, footage, unidentified, alien, rumours and sightings. 14 00:01:31,250 --> 00:01:31,870 OK. 15 00:01:32,189 --> 00:01:35,390 You have this handout in your aula virtual. 16 00:01:35,390 --> 00:01:43,849 so check these words and match them with their meanings I'm going to stop the 17 00:01:43,849 --> 00:01:49,790 video okay declassified is something which 18 00:01:49,790 --> 00:02:02,569 officially is no longer a secret leak is to privately give out information give 19 00:02:02,569 --> 00:02:08,569 information that the government doesn't want people to know. Leak. You can also 20 00:02:08,569 --> 00:02:16,550 have leaks in your house when the water of your pipes gets out of the pipes. 21 00:02:16,550 --> 00:02:32,860 A fighter pilot is somebody who flies a type of a military plane. Footage is the 22 00:02:32,860 --> 00:02:43,900 film or video that shows an event unidentified is not known this is very 23 00:02:43,900 --> 00:02:53,259 easy alien that's easy as well is not from this 24 00:02:53,259 --> 00:03:05,020 planet? Rumours. Stories that might be true or not, which spread, which go from 25 00:03:05,020 --> 00:03:15,460 person to person. Spread. You can also spread butter on your toast. And sightings. 26 00:03:15,460 --> 00:03:24,039 that is moments when people see something that it's rare or secret okay 27 00:03:24,039 --> 00:03:33,759 so now we've got these words which will help us to understand the video before 28 00:03:33,759 --> 00:03:41,479 we watch the video I would like you to guess now before we listen or we watch I 29 00:03:41,479 --> 00:03:44,379 I always tell you, read, read, read. 30 00:03:44,960 --> 00:03:46,360 So, there you have it. 31 00:03:46,800 --> 00:03:50,060 The videos were leaked in... 32 00:03:50,060 --> 00:03:52,199 And you have some choices. 33 00:03:52,919 --> 00:03:54,780 And look at the tense, were leaked. 34 00:03:55,280 --> 00:03:57,900 That's a passive voice, but it's in the past. 35 00:03:58,699 --> 00:04:05,759 Two of the videos were first published in one of those newspapers. 36 00:04:05,759 --> 00:04:17,399 The UFOs were seen flying above those three places. The first modern UFO sighting was in, 37 00:04:17,399 --> 00:04:25,439 and you see it's the past simple. It's something that happened in the past and the time is 38 00:04:25,439 --> 00:04:33,839 finished. And the place in Nevada you say where the US government has been studying UFOs according 39 00:04:33,839 --> 00:04:44,680 to the rumours, is known as... OK. Has been studying UFOs. That means that the US government 40 00:04:44,680 --> 00:04:50,519 is still studying the UFOs. OK. 41 00:04:55,269 --> 00:05:03,670 The US government has released three declassified videos of unexplained objects flying in the air. 42 00:05:04,269 --> 00:05:09,370 These videos were already leaked in 2007 and 2017. 43 00:05:10,449 --> 00:05:13,589 Two of them were published by the New York Times newspaper, 44 00:05:13,589 --> 00:05:17,709 and the third video was leaked by an organization called 45 00:05:17,709 --> 00:05:20,829 to the Stars Academy of Arts and Sciences. 46 00:05:21,449 --> 00:05:25,449 When they were leaked, many people claimed the video showed 47 00:05:25,449 --> 00:05:29,370 alien unidentified flying objects or UFOs. 48 00:05:29,370 --> 00:05:37,129 According to the New York Times, the first video was filmed in 2004 by two fighter pilots flying 49 00:05:37,129 --> 00:05:44,310 above the Pacific Ocean. It shows a round object moving above the water. The other videos were 50 00:05:44,310 --> 00:05:51,129 filmed in 2015 and show objects moving through the air. One of the objects was spinning. 51 00:06:05,189 --> 00:06:10,649 The US Department of Defense says that it officially released the videos to show that 52 00:06:10,649 --> 00:06:17,870 footage was real. The objects in the videos remain classified as unidentified. People around 53 00:06:17,870 --> 00:06:25,509 the world have been fascinated with the idea of UFOs since 1947, when a farmer discovered parts 54 00:06:25,509 --> 00:06:32,209 of a flying disc at Roswell in the US state of New Mexico. This object is now believed to be 55 00:06:32,209 --> 00:06:39,610 part of a secret balloon designed to monitor the Soviet Union. Ten years later, a place known as 56 00:06:39,610 --> 00:06:46,910 Area 51 in Nevada became the center for UFO research, according to rumors. There have been 57 00:06:46,910 --> 00:06:54,449 a lot of theories about the place, but in 2017, the U.S. Department of Defense finally admitted 58 00:06:54,449 --> 00:07:14,620 that it had been studying UFO sightings. Okay, so now you're going to check the answers 59 00:07:14,620 --> 00:07:21,319 of the first question when we were guessing how these were. 60 00:07:23,939 --> 00:07:26,939 OK, so according to what we've seen, 61 00:07:26,939 --> 00:07:34,860 the videos were leaked in 2007 and 2017. 62 00:07:36,060 --> 00:07:42,060 Two of the videos were first published in the New York Times. 63 00:07:42,060 --> 00:07:53,810 The UFOs were seen flying above, above, sorry, the Pacific Ocean. The first 64 00:07:53,810 --> 00:08:06,019 modern UFO sighting was in, I think it says, 1947. And finally, the place in 65 00:08:06,019 --> 00:08:14,139 Nevada where the US government has been studying UFOs is known as Area 51. Okay. 66 00:08:14,139 --> 00:08:20,600 Now, was it difficult? If it was difficult and there are some words you don't 67 00:08:20,600 --> 00:08:31,269 understand, you may stop the video, go back and listen again. Okay, now we're 68 00:08:31,269 --> 00:08:37,009 going to check the understanding of the video. Why did many people think when 69 00:08:37,009 --> 00:08:43,529 they watched the original leaked videos? Sorry, what? What did many people think? 70 00:08:43,529 --> 00:08:49,450 what was the main difference between the first video and the two videos that were 71 00:08:49,450 --> 00:08:58,649 filmed later why did the US government officially released the videos what 72 00:08:58,649 --> 00:09:06,570 happened at Roswell in 1947 and what did the US Department of Defense finally 73 00:09:06,570 --> 00:09:16,730 at meat in nine in 2017 okay I'm going to give you the link to watch the video 74 00:09:16,730 --> 00:09:29,370 again so stop the video and watch what we've watched before okay if you've 75 00:09:29,370 --> 00:09:38,669 watched the video again you will know that for the first question what did 76 00:09:38,669 --> 00:09:45,809 many people think when they watch the original leaked videos. They thought, most 77 00:09:45,809 --> 00:09:53,730 of the people thought, that the video showed alien UFOs, alien people or 78 00:09:53,730 --> 00:09:59,769 someone or something not from this planet, as we have learnt. What was the 79 00:09:59,769 --> 00:10:05,190 main difference between the first video and the two videos that were filmed later? 80 00:10:05,190 --> 00:10:15,250 The first showed the UFO moving above the water and the second two showed 81 00:10:15,250 --> 00:10:25,840 objects flying in the air. Okay, the third. Why did the US government officially 82 00:10:25,840 --> 00:10:35,799 release the videos? So the US government released the videos to end speculation 83 00:10:35,799 --> 00:10:43,620 about whether the videos were real or not if the videos were fake not true or 84 00:10:43,620 --> 00:10:57,929 not what happened at Roswell in 1947 a farmer discovered parts of a flying disc 85 00:10:57,929 --> 00:11:09,500 And finally, what did the US Department Defense finally admit in 2017? They 86 00:11:09,500 --> 00:11:22,580 admitted that they had been studying UFOs. Okay, so now that you have watched 87 00:11:22,580 --> 00:11:31,120 the video, I want you to look at these sentences that they have been, that these 88 00:11:31,120 --> 00:11:37,480 sentences have been pronounced in the video it says the US government has 89 00:11:37,480 --> 00:11:47,440 released three declassified videos has released as you can see in the sentence 90 00:11:47,440 --> 00:11:54,879 there is no adverb of time the US government has released three 91 00:11:54,879 --> 00:12:00,820 declassified videos of unexplained objects flying in the air but it doesn't 92 00:12:00,820 --> 00:12:10,940 say when. When it happened. People around the world have been fascinated with the 93 00:12:10,940 --> 00:12:25,500 idea of the UFO since 1947. That is, we have now since 1947. There is a time that 94 00:12:25,500 --> 00:12:34,179 started in the past because today is 2024 and people around the world are 95 00:12:34,179 --> 00:12:45,049 still fascinated with the idea of the UFOs. Now, the third sentence. Ten years 96 00:12:45,049 --> 00:12:55,029 later, a place known as Area 51 in Nevada became the center for the UFO research. 97 00:12:55,029 --> 00:13:05,409 Now we have a time advert ten years later and it talks about a time that it's 98 00:13:05,409 --> 00:13:16,070 finished and it's gone. And the place became a center for the UFO research. It's 99 00:13:16,070 --> 00:13:22,950 the past simple. And number four. There have been a lot of theories about the 100 00:13:22,950 --> 00:13:32,070 place look there have been and there is no time adverb here okay so there still 101 00:13:32,070 --> 00:13:43,250 are okay if we match these sentences with the explanation there you have we 102 00:13:43,250 --> 00:13:48,990 often use the present preface simple with the word since very simple the word 103 00:13:48,990 --> 00:13:55,710 since to talk about a situation that started at a specific time in the past and continues to now. 104 00:13:55,710 --> 00:14:14,399 Okay, that's very easy. That is number two. Okay, so C goes with two. We use the past simple to 105 00:14:14,399 --> 00:14:24,269 refer to a completed event in the past. That is number three. Ten years later, 106 00:14:24,269 --> 00:14:32,590 okay, a place known Area 51 became. That's something that started and finished in 107 00:14:32,590 --> 00:14:39,279 the past. So three goes with B. We use the present 108 00:14:39,279 --> 00:14:45,600 preference simple in news and reports to introduce new events. That is, the very 109 00:14:45,600 --> 00:14:52,379 first. The US government has released three declassified videos. Okay? And there 110 00:14:52,379 --> 00:15:01,440 is no time adverb. There's no timeline. And finally, we use the present perfect 111 00:15:01,440 --> 00:15:07,360 simple to talk about something that happened at multiple unspecified times 112 00:15:07,360 --> 00:15:14,480 in the past. And it is not impossible that the event will happen again in the 113 00:15:14,480 --> 00:15:24,240 future. That is, it can still happen now. So that's D. There have been a lot of 114 00:15:24,240 --> 00:15:35,019 theories about the place. That's the difference. And be careful, try not to 115 00:15:35,919 --> 00:15:42,960 translate into Spanish because we don't use these tenses the very same way. So 116 00:15:42,960 --> 00:15:49,860 now we're going to practice with this text we're going to complete the 117 00:15:49,860 --> 00:15:56,580 sentences that you have here so stop the video and complete the sentences with 118 00:15:56,580 --> 00:16:05,200 the correct verb form okay so you have stopped the video you have completed the 119 00:16:05,200 --> 00:16:11,820 sentences and we're going to correct ranking news the US government has 120 00:16:11,820 --> 00:16:37,990 admitted Joey hasn't had oh sorry I have to use another one hasn't had a decent 121 00:16:37,990 --> 00:16:45,289 meal since he lost his job last month look at this sentence since he lost his 122 00:16:45,289 --> 00:16:53,230 job last month even though that's a complete sentence that's the time that 123 00:16:53,230 --> 00:17:01,750 it's telling you when the thing happened since last month something since last 124 00:17:01,750 --> 00:17:12,130 month he hasn't had a decent meal and last month he lost his job that's a 125 00:17:12,130 --> 00:17:28,049 a complete sentence in the past that has finished okay last month okay britain's captain more 126 00:17:31,059 --> 00:17:40,019 rains last month so the sentence that the time is finished and the action is completed 127 00:17:40,019 --> 00:17:49,059 so raised over 13 pound million for his country's national health service 128 00:17:50,900 --> 00:18:07,859 number four there lots of you sightings but very few of them so let me okay there 129 00:18:07,859 --> 00:18:30,940 There have been lots of UFO sightings but few of them have been confirmed. 130 00:18:30,940 --> 00:18:33,680 Okay, number five. 131 00:18:33,680 --> 00:18:34,680 What... 132 00:18:34,680 --> 00:18:39,960 It is a question and you have 19 in 1947. 133 00:18:39,960 --> 00:18:59,450 a time a set time and it's obviously a finished action so what did the 134 00:18:59,450 --> 00:19:17,259 government know in 1947 okay the organization that da da da da the videos 135 00:19:17,259 --> 00:19:29,759 is called to the Stars Academy da da da da da so that is an action that happened 136 00:19:29,759 --> 00:19:38,940 in the past and it's not been repeated right so the organization that leaked 137 00:19:38,940 --> 00:19:52,359 the videos it's called da da da da and seven scientist da da da da a cure for 138 00:19:52,359 --> 00:19:58,119 cancer it's on the news we have two hints it's on the news and there is no 139 00:19:58,119 --> 00:20:22,039 time so scientists have discovered a cure for cancer and finally look it says 140 00:20:22,039 --> 00:20:32,740 much since the start of the pandemic so it's a question and it's something the 141 00:20:32,740 --> 00:20:40,240 starts in the past because the pandemic is fortunately over but it still has 142 00:20:40,240 --> 00:21:02,299 links with the present so has your lifestyle changed okay right so I'm 143 00:21:02,299 --> 00:21:23,740 I'm going to upload the transcript and in the meantime, you can think of these questions 144 00:21:23,740 --> 00:21:27,720 and we're going to comment them in the classroom. 145 00:21:27,720 --> 00:21:32,619 Do you believe the UFOs in the videos are alien spaceships? 146 00:21:32,619 --> 00:21:38,440 you think the US government has access to alien technology? Okay. And all those. 147 00:21:38,440 --> 00:21:47,440 Alright? Okay. So, I hope this has helped you understand the present perfect and 148 00:21:47,440 --> 00:21:54,980 the past simple. You've got more information in your book. If you go... Let 149 00:21:54,980 --> 00:22:08,099 me go to your book. Okay. Here. In the grammar section, the present perfect and 150 00:22:08,099 --> 00:22:24,980 the past simple, okay? I'm going to show you the answers so that you can check 151 00:22:24,980 --> 00:22:45,200 them. You can stop the video and then check, okay? That's exercise A and, okay, 152 00:22:45,200 --> 00:22:50,480 exercise 153 00:22:51,720 --> 00:23:15,579 okay first one is right the second is wrong okay so it's a you have to 154 00:23:15,579 --> 00:23:21,880 practice you've got more exercises in your workbook and if you have any 155 00:23:21,880 --> 00:23:26,240 questions let me know in class