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The basic raw material for making paper is wood. To begin, pulpwood logs are

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passed through a debarking drum in which they collide and rub together, removing

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the bark. The bark is collected and burned as fuel in the power boilers. The

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debarked logs are then conveyed to a chipper which reduces them to small

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pieces. The chips are loaded into large vessels called digesters where they're

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is steamed under pressure until the mixture is reduced to a wet, oatmeal-like pulp.

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The cooking removes unwanted substances and frees the wood fibers

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so they can be suspended in a ratio of 200 parts water to 1 part fiber.

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This furnish, as it's called, is run onto a fast-moving mesh screen loop.

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As the water is extracted, the fibers form a mat of paper.

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The paper is pressed and passed through steam-heated drying cylinders

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where the last of the water is removed.

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A starch solution seals the paper surface

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to prevent excessive ink absorption during printing.

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Calendaring provides a smooth finish

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by ironing the sheet between heavy, polished rollers.

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The paper is wound onto a great spool to form a machine reel

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and then rewound and cut into smaller rolls.

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Some of these rolls are wrapped for shipment.

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Others are sent for sheeting and packing.